M. Vitins

Bio: M. Vitins is an academic researcher from Brown, Boveri & Cie. The author has contributed to research in topics: Fault (power engineering) & Power-system protection. The author has an hindex of 2, co-authored 2 publications receiving 167 citations.

A Fundamental Concept for High Speed Relaying

Abstract: This paper describes a fundamental approach for detecting the direction to a power system fault within the first milliseconds following the fault inception. The method is based on a combined evaluation of the voltage and current deviations generated by the fault occurrence. Design considerations and test results based on numerical simulations and on a transient network analyser are presented. The method solves several problems occurring in conventional relaying and is suitable for use in ultra high speed protection systems which employ a fast telecommunication channel between the ends of the protected network

A Correlation Method for Transmission Line Protection

Abstract: A method of transmission line protection based on a distributed parameter model of the line is outlined. It is shown that the fault distance appears as a time delay between two quantities associated with the travelling waves at the measurement site. The time delay can be extracted from the fundamental voltage and current waveforms in the presence of superimposed line transients by means of a correlation technique. The proposed method has been tested by numerical simulations and by means of a real-time analog-type computer on a model transmission line and the results were found to be satisfactory. The feasability of a digital computer implementation is briefly discussed.

Distance Protection Based on Travelling Waves

Abstract: A technique is presented for rapid measurement of the distance to a fault using fault initiated travelling waves. The measurement uses the time it takes a given surge to travel from the relaying point to the fault and back. A correlation technique is used to recognise the surge returning from the fault and distinguish it from other surges present on the system. For a three phase transmission line, the modal components describing the incident wave are delayed and cross-correlated against the respective components reflected by the fault. Maximum output occurs when the delay corresponds to twice the fault distance.

A Traveling-Wave-Based Protection Technique Using Wavelet/PCA Analysis

Abstract: This paper proposes a powerful high-speed traveling-wave-based technique for the protection of power transmission lines. The proposed technique uses principal component analysis to identify the dominant pattern of the signals preprocessed by wavelet transform. The proposed protection algorithm presents a discriminating method based on the polarity, magnitude, and time interval between the detected traveling waves at the relay location. A supplemental algorithm consisting of a high-set overcurrent relay as well as an impedance-based relay is also proposed. This is done to overcome the well-known shortcomings of traveling-wave-based protection techniques for the detection of very close-in faults and single-phase-to-ground faults occurring at small voltage magnitudes. The proposed technique is evaluated for the protection of a two-terminal transmission line. Extensive simulation studies using PSCAD/EMTDC software indicate that the proposed approach is reliable for rapid and correct identification of various fault cases. It identifies most of the internal faults very rapidly in less than 2 ms. In addition, the proposed technique presents high noise immunity.

Design, implementation and testing of an artificial neural network based fault direction discriminator for protecting transmission lines

Abstract: This paper describes a fault direction discriminator that uses an artificial neural network (ANN) for protecting transmission lines. The discriminator uses various attributes to reach a decision and tends to emulate the conventional pattern classification problem. An equation of the boundary describing the classification is embedded in the multilayer feedforward neural network (MFNN) by training through the use of an appropriate learning algorithm and suitable training data. The discriminator uses instantaneous values of the line voltages and line currents to make decisions. Results showing the performance of the ANN-based discriminator are presented in the paper and indicate that it is fast, robust and accurate. It is suitable for realizing an ultrafast directional comparison protection of transmission lines. >

A new non-communication protection technique for transmission lines

Abstract: This paper proposes a new noncommunication protection technique for transmission line protection. The technique relies on firstly the detection of fault generated high frequency current transient signals. A specially designed multi-channel filter unit is then applied to the captured signals to extract desired bands of high frequency signals. Comparison between the spectral energies of different bands of the filter outputs determines whether a fault is internal or external to the protected zone. In addition to the saving in costs through negating the need for a communication link, the technique also retains many advantages of the 'transient based protection' technology, such as insensitivity to fault type, fault position, fault path resistance and fault inception angle. It is also not affected by CT saturation, the power frequency short-circuit level at the terminating busbar or the precise configuration of the source side networks.

Fast Distance Relay Scheme for Detecting Symmetrical Fault During Power Swing

Abstract: The power swing caused by various disturbances will affect distance relay behavior and may result in relay misoperation. This paper provides a fast detection scheme for symmetrical fault during power swing for distance relay, which is based on extracting the high-frequency component energy of forward and backward traveling waves induced by faults. The multiresolution analysis based on wavelet transform has the ability to decompose the analyzed signals into different frequency bands. The selection of mother wavelet and the number of levels of wavelet transform are carefully studied. The fault can be identified by feature extracting from the d1 component of Daubechies-8 (Db8) wavelet transform. The proposed approach is verified by using the IEEE reference model implemented by using the Alternate Transients Program and the test results have been presented in this paper. This proposed method can be used for distance relay operation blocking or monitoring.