MA Ahad

Bio: MA Ahad is an academic researcher from Khulna Medical College. The author has contributed to research in topics: Rh blood group system & ABO blood group system. The author has an hindex of 2, co-authored 3 publications receiving 48 citations.

Anthrax: an update.

Abstract: Anthrax is a zoonotic disease caused by Bacillus anthracis. It is potentially fatal and highly contagious disease. Herbivores are the natural host. Human acquire the disease incidentally by contact with infected animal or animal products. In the 18th century an epidemic destroyed approximately half of the sheep in Europe. In 1900 human inhalational anthrax occured sporadically in the United States. In 1979 an outbreak of human anthrax occured in Sverdlovsk of Soviet Union. Anthrax continued to represent a world wide presence. The incidence of the disease has decreased in developed countries as a result of vaccination and improved industrial hygiene. Human anthrax clinically presents in three forms, i.e. cutaneous, gastrointestinal and inhalational. About 95% of human anthrax is cutaneous and 5% is inhalational. Gastrointestinal anthrax is very rare (less than 1%). Inhalational form is used as a biological warefare agent. Penicillin, ciprofloxacin (and other quinolones), doxicyclin, ampicillin, imipenem, clindamycin, clarithromycin, vancomycin, chloramphenicol, rifampicin are effective antimicrobials. Antimicrobial therapy for 60 days is recommended. Human anthrax vaccine is available. Administration of anti-protective antigen (PA) antibody in combination with ciprofloxacin produced 90%-100% survival. The combination of CPG-adjuvanted anthrax vaccine adsorbed (AVA) plus dalbavancin significantly improved survival.

Pattern of ABO and Rhesus(Rh) Blood Group Among Blood Donors

Abstract: This study was carried out among the blood donors attending the Blood Transfusion Department of Khulna Medical College Hospital. Both ABO and Rhesus (Rh) blood grouping was done to see the pattern of ABO and Rh blood group among them. Maximum blood donors were between age group 18-37 years. Among the donors maximum were male 12105 (94.73%). Male: female ratio was 18:1. Among them B+ve was found 4286 (33.54%), B-ve was 127 (5.0%), O+ve was 4091 (32.02%), O-ve was 131 (1.03%), A+ve was 3014 (23.59%), A-ve was 74 (0.58%), AB+ve was 1019 (7.98%), AB-ve was 37 (0.29%). Overall total Rh positive blood group were 12410 (97.11%) and total negative blood group were 369 (2.89%). doi: 10.3329/taj.v15i2.3910 TAJ December 2002; Vol.15(2): 68-70

Pseudomyxoma Peritonei: A Case Report

Abstract: Pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) is an uncommon condition characterized by abundant extracellular mucinous material in the peritoneal cavity and tumoural implants on the peritoneal and epiploic surfaces. Aim of this case report is to create awareness among the clinicians regarding this uncommon disease presented with ascites and irregular masses in the abdomen. PMP is a rare disease, may be benign or malignant, presented with ascites and irregular masses in the abdomen which is infrequently encountered in our clinical practice. Key words: Pseudomyxoma peritonei; mucinous carcinomatosis; hyperthermic chemotherapy; gelatinous material; irregular masses DOI: 10.3329/fmcj.v6i1.7415 Faridpur Med. Coll. J. 2011;6(1): 61-63

Davidson's Principles and Practice of Medicine

Abstract: I first read Davidson 30 years ago: at that time it was already in its 5th edition. A brief comparison shows that it then contained about 440,000 words in 1,100 pages: the current edition has compressed 625,000 words into 800 pages. I think I bought it as a student because it was cheap: but also because it seemed to be comprehensive and straightforward, and I have used it as a basis for my medical knowledge ever since. So I miss some of the old pictures of the acute skin rashes such as scarlet fever: in fact infectious disease has been transferred to the back and genetic factors take the first chapters. But careful linguistic comparison will still uncover the old phrases which some of us know by heart-there are minor changes such as 'alarming reactions to intravenous iron are uncommon, but have occasionally been noted', which becomes 'alarming systemic anaphyllactic reactions can occur'. Sir Stanley Davidson made 'no attempt to describe every rare disease or syndrome, but devoted most of the space available to those disorders most commonly encountered in practice'. I have grown up with successive editions, and have gradually come to appreciate the problems of the authors in the compression of knowledge. Having got to know many of them personally as real people rather than as names I can still recommend the book. It is the essential starting point for the study of internal medicine and for many doctors will remain their base reference work. The present editors have kept up-to-date and been prepared to prune the dead wood. There are many competitors in the market, and the publishers must take care with layout and illustration, although Davidson is still the best value for money. I will continue to recommend it to my clinical students: they will need to read it and know it to pass final MB. Postgraduates will need to remember the facts, but also to be able to place them in a broader perspective. The older consultant will still happily read it, and to get to know the authors themselves is really to complete your medical education. Dr John Macleod and his team have successfully kept alive the primary objective 'to provide a rational and easily comprehensible basis for the practice of medicine'. The book is economical in price and compact in size, but still contains the essential truths for the practice of good medicine.

Zoonotic diseases: etiology, impact, and control

Abstract: Most humans are in contact with animals in a way or another. A zoonotic disease is a disease or infection that can be transmitted naturally from vertebrate animals to humans or from humans to vertebrate animals. More than 60% of human pathogens are zoonotic in origin. This includes a wide variety of bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa, parasites, and other pathogens. Factors such as climate change, urbanization, animal migration and trade, travel and tourism, vector biology, anthropogenic factors, and natural factors have greatly influenced the emergence, re-emergence, distribution, and patterns of zoonoses. As time goes on, there are more emerging and re-emerging zoonotic diseases. In this review, we reviewed the etiology of major zoonotic diseases, their impact on human health, and control measures for better management. We also highlighted COVID-19, a newly emerging zoonotic disease of likely bat origin that has affected millions of humans along with devastating global consequences. The implementation of One Health measures is highly recommended for the effective prevention and control of possible zoonosis.

Lessons from the Ebola Outbreak: Action Items for Emerging Infectious Disease Preparedness and Response

Abstract: As the Ebola outbreak in West Africa wanes, it is time for the international scientific community to reflect on how to improve the detection of and coordinated response to future epidemics. Our interdisciplinary team identified key lessons learned from the Ebola outbreak that can be clustered into three areas: environmental conditions related to early warning systems, host characteristics related to public health, and agent issues that can be addressed through the laboratory sciences. In particular, we need to increase zoonotic surveillance activities, implement more effective ecological health interventions, expand prediction modeling, support medical and public health systems in order to improve local and international responses to epidemics, improve risk communication, better understand the role of social media in outbreak awareness and response, produce better diagnostic tools, create better therapeutic medications, and design better vaccines. This list highlights research priorities and policy actions the global community can take now to be better prepared for future emerging infectious disease outbreaks that threaten global public health and security.