Author
Maarten Bakker
Bio: Maarten Bakker is an academic researcher from Delft University of Technology. The author has contributed to research in topics: Bottom ash & Transonic. The author has an hindex of 6, co-authored 13 publications receiving 136 citations.
Papers
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TL;DR: Investigation into relations between physical properties of aluminum packaging waste and the corresponding aluminum scraps in bottom ash from three typical incineration processes showed that in order of decreasing impact the main factors promoting metallic aluminum losses are the packaging type, combustion temperature, residence time and salt contamination.
52 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors revisited the nonaxisymmetrical boundary value problem of a point load of normal traction traveling over an elastic halfspace, which was first solved in the space-time domain by D.C. Gakenheimer and J.M. Miklowitz.
25 citations
TL;DR: Two different three-dimensional elastodynamic models are introduced to simulate the wave field generated in steel by two types of surface mounted ultrasonic transducers, and it is shown that the models reliably identify the wide variety of waves generated by ultrasonic Transducers.
Abstract: Two different three-dimensional elastodynamic models are introduced to simulate the wave field generated in steel by two types of surface mounted ultrasonic transducers. By replacing the actual transducer by an equivalent surface source distribution, the models become amenable to an exact analytical analysis. The first model simulates the action of a contact transducer through a distribution of nonmoving line segment sources. The second model simulates the action of an angle beam transducer through a single moving line segment source. Almost any transducer aperture shape may be modeled, while the source may apply a nonuniform traction. To speed up the numerical space–time domain calculations, the Cagniard–De Hoop method is employed to analytically evaluate the wave field produced by a single nonmoving line segment source. This solution provides the integrand for both single-integral models. The models are experimentally validated for a contact transducer and three different angle beam transducers. The val...
14 citations
TL;DR: The main functionalities of the sensor unit are determined as online quality control and facilitation of automatic control over the ECS splitter distance, which translate in significant improvements in ECS metals recovery which in turn is linked to economic benefits, increased recycling rate of scrap metals and a further reduction of the ecological drawbacks of incinerator bottom ash.
11 citations
TL;DR: Overall, it has been shown that changes in quality and content of bottom ashes may be traced back to the varied input waste composition, even when the observed peak values are properly averaged over a larger volume of ashes.
11 citations
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317 citations
TL;DR: This paper reviews recent advances in physical processes, sensors, and actuators used as well as control and autonomy related issues in the area of automated sorting and recycling of source-separated MSW to provide a comprehensive overview of the state of the art.
299 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of railway vibrations on passenger comfort and track performance is evaluated and the most suitable mathematical and numerical modelling strategies for railway vibration simulation, along with mitigation strategies are discussed.
187 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of IBA characterization, existing treatment and application contributes to optimize the life cycle of the bottom ash, thus enhancing the IBA management practices and improving the management practices.
Abstract: Municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) bottom ash has gained increasing attentions for its friendly application worldwide, due to promotion of waste recycling One of the biggest concerns for incineration bottom ash (IBA) utilization lies in its elevated metal concentrations and leaching potential While challenges faced by the user are miscellaneous based on several aspects—regulations and rules, the heterogeneity of IBA sources, specific risks arisen from individual applications and/or mixed public views, etc Extensive knowledge on IBA characterization, existing treatment and application contributes to optimize life cycle of the bottom ash, herein enhancing the IBA management practices On the understanding that both feedstock and the process for incineration are various, properties, treatments and applications of the IBA are accordingly different Nevertheless, literature reviewed data indicate evidently that IBA, varying in its original resources and treatment facilities though, shares common geotechnical and chemical properties As the technology development on the IBA is dominated by these common properties, through which the proper treatment and application could be well determined In this review three perspectives were concentrated First, general properties of IBA eg heavy metals and their leaching potential, bulk components, particle size distribution and pH were investigated, whereby the general trends were indicated with collective plots Secondly, the existing status quo on IBA treatment methods and applications were investigated, suggesting a highest potential as low-strength aggregates Thirdly, toxicity studies and LCA on IBA as emerging research topics were also investigated, to further justify its application feasibility
170 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors focused on municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) bottom ash characteristics, its heterogeneity, environmental properties, and their stability in time, and determined the physical and chemical characteristics of bottom ashes from two plants over time.
155 citations