Mahaboobkhan Rasool

Bio: Mahaboobkhan Rasool is an academic researcher from VIT University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Arthritis & RANKL. The author has an hindex of 28, co-authored 88 publications receiving 2297 citations. Previous affiliations of Mahaboobkhan Rasool include University of Madras & Management and Science University.

Alleviation of the hepatotoxic effect of bromobenzene by the Indian traditional herbal formulation Triphala in experimental rats

Abstract: The present study is an attempt to investigate the efficacy of Triphala in ameliorating the hepatotoxic effects of bromobenzene (BB) in experimental rats. Hepatotoxicity was induced in rats by oral administration of BB (1.57 mg/kg b.w.) and Triphala was given orally at two doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg b.w. for a period of 8 days. The antioxidant status was studied by measuring lipid peroxidation, total reduced glutathione levels and enzymes such as catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) in liver tissue homogenates. In addition, the levels of cytokines such as tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) were measured in serum. The hepatoprotective role of Triphala was compared with that of the standard hepatoprotective agent silymarin. The treatment of BB-intoxicated rats with Triphala showed significant (p < 0.05) increase in the antioxidant status and significant (p < 0.05) reduction in the levels of Tumour Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α), Interleukin-1β (IL-1β). The histopathological findings further confirmed the protective role of Triphala against BB-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. From the results obtained in this study, it can be concluded that treatment with Triphala alleviated the hepatotoxic effect of BB in experimental rats.

Bromobenzene: a hepatotoxin

Abstract: Liver damage can be induced by drugs or chemicals resulting from overdose or workplace exposure. Bromobenzene is an efficient model to perform studies on hepatotoxicity. After biotransformation into liver,it causes production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Organs that have been found to be affected due to bromobenzene induced toxicity are liver, kidney and lungs. In the following review, mechanisms and various genes involved in the bromobenzene induced hepatotoxicity have been discussed. Also, the toxicokinetics, involving absorption, metabolism and elimination of bromobenzene from the body have been reviewed in this article. Various herbal extracts and chemicals have been found to exhibit protective effect against bromobenzene induced liver injury proving their potential in use as hepatoprotective agents.

Oxidative Stress, Prooxidants, and Antioxidants: The Interplay

Abstract: Oxidative stress is a normal phenomenon in the body. Under normal conditions, the physiologically important intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are maintained at low levels by various enzyme systems participating in the in vivo redox homeostasis. Therefore, oxidative stress can also be viewed as an imbalance between the prooxidants and antioxidants in the body. For the last two decades, oxidative stress has been one of the most burning topics among the biological researchers all over the world. Several reasons can be assigned to justify its importance: knowledge about reactive oxygen and nitrogen species production and metabolism; identification of biomarkers for oxidative damage; evidence relating manifestation of chronic and some acute health problems to oxidative stress; identification of various dietary antioxidants present in plant foods as bioactive molecules; and so on. This review discusses the importance of oxidative stress in the body growth and development as well as proteomic and genomic evidences of its relationship with disease development, incidence of malignancies and autoimmune disorders, increased susceptibility to bacterial, viral, and parasitic diseases, and an interplay with prooxidants and antioxidants for maintaining a sound health, which would be helpful in enhancing the knowledge of any biochemist, pathophysiologist, or medical personnel regarding this important issue.

The Role of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants in Liver Diseases

Abstract: A complex antioxidant system has been developed in mammals to relieve oxidative stress. However, excessive reactive species derived from oxygen and nitrogen may still lead to oxidative damage to tissue and organs. Oxidative stress has been considered as a conjoint pathological mechanism, and it contributes to initiation and progression of liver injury. A lot of risk factors, including alcohol, drugs, environmental pollutants and irradiation, may induce oxidative stress in liver, which in turn results in severe liver diseases, such as alcoholic liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Application of antioxidants signifies a rational curative strategy to prevent and cure liver diseases involving oxidative stress. Although conclusions drawn from clinical studies remain uncertain, animal studies have revealed the promising in vivo therapeutic effect of antioxidants on liver diseases. Natural antioxidants contained in edible or medicinal plants often possess strong antioxidant and free radical scavenging abilities as well as anti-inflammatory action, which are also supposed to be the basis of other bioactivities and health benefits. In this review, PubMed was extensively searched for literature research. The keywords for searching oxidative stress were free radicals, reactive oxygen, nitrogen species, anti-oxidative therapy, Chinese medicines, natural products, antioxidants and liver diseases. The literature, including ours, with studies on oxidative stress and anti-oxidative therapy in liver diseases were the focus. Various factors that cause oxidative stress in liver and effects of antioxidants in the prevention and treatment of liver diseases were summarized, questioned, and discussed.