Makmor Bin Tumin

Bio: Makmor Bin Tumin is an academic researcher from University of Malaya. The author has contributed to research in topics: Organ donation & Transplantation. The author has an hindex of 10, co-authored 52 publications receiving 350 citations.

Factors that Hinder Organ Donation: Religio-Cultural or Lack of Information and Trust

Abstract: Objectives: This paper examines factors that influence Malaysian persons with a tertiary level of education on their willingness to donate organs. Materials and Methods: A survey was done in the Klang Valley (Kuala Lumpur and its suburbs) at several designated locations. A total of 1420 people were approached, and we focused the sample of 688 respondents with a tertiary level of education.Respondents were given 2 sets of answers: (1) a religio-cultural category and (2) a structural category. They were allowed to choose more than 1 reason. Results: Our findings revealed that only 47.5 percent of respondents declined becoming organ donors. The highest frequency recorded was "I am not convinced that my body part will be used beneficially" (30.1%), followed by "I do not have enough access to information" (29.2%), "I want my body to remain intact after death" (16.9%), and "It is against my religion" (9.9%). Conclusions: Our study revealed that religio-cultural factors are not a prime explanation for the lack of organ donation in the Malaysian case. This study suggests that better procurement methods used by dedicated agencies, as well as better education, could reduce the shortage between organ supply and demand.

Markets and Healthcare Services in Malaysia: Critical Issues

Abstract: This paper examines the critical issues facing healthcare in Malaysia. It starts by reviewing the dominant arguments on ownership and healthcare provision, viz., neoclassical, evolutionary and heterodox and the politics of interest groups. Given the imperfections and asymmetries associated with healthcare, as well as its properties as a social good that should reach everyone, the paper adopts evolutionary and heterodox arguments, and the views of political scientists on civil society. It then explores out of pocket payment trends in the world. It is obvious that out of pocket payments have increased dramatically in the developing countries when government funding still dominates healthcare fnancing in most developed countries. Malaysia has experienced a rapid shift from welfareoriented healthcare practices until the 1980s to privatization thereafter so that the private share of healthcare reached 55.6 per cent in 2007. A combination of falling resources and brain drain confronting public hospitals, with an expanding supply of private providers explains the increasing shift toward private healthcare in Malaysia. The paper fnishes with calls for increasing government budget for healthcare, and using merit as the basis for promotion in public hospitals, and the strengthening and enforcement of healthcare legislations for all providers.

Factors that hinder organ donation: religio-cultural or lack of information and trust.

Abstract: Objectives This paper examines factors that influence Malaysian persons with a tertiary level of education on their willingness to donate organs. Materials and methods A survey was done in the Klang Valley (Kuala Lumpur and its suburbs) at several designated locations. A total of 1420 people were approached, and we focused the sample of 688 respondents with a tertiary level of education. Respondents were given 2 sets of answers: (1) a religio-cultural category and (2) a structural category. They were allowed to choose more than 1 reason. Results Our findings revealed that only 47.5 percent of respondents declined becoming organ donors. The highest frequency recorded was "I am not convinced that my body part will be used beneficially " (30.1%), followed by "I do not have enough access to information " (29.2%), "I want my body to remain intact after death " (16.9%), and "It is against my religion " (9.9%). Conclusions Our study revealed that religio-cultural factors are not a prime explanation for the lack of organ donation in the Malaysian case. This study suggests that better procurement methods used by dedicated agencies, as well as better education, could reduce the shortage between organ supply and demand.

Cardiovascular disease risk factors and socioeconomic variables in a nation undergoing epidemiologic transition.

Abstract: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) related deaths is not only the prime cause of mortality in the world, it has also continued to increase in the low and middle income countries Hence, this study examines the relationship between CVD risk factors and socioeconomic variables in Malaysia, which is a rapidly growing middle income nation undergoing epidemiologic transition Using data from 11,959 adults aged 30 years and above, and living in urban and rural areas between 2007 and 2010, this study attempts to examine the prevalence of CVD risk factors, and the association between these factors, and socioeconomic and demographic variables in Malaysia The socioeconomic and demographic, and anthropometric data was obtained with blood pressure and fasting venous blood for glucose and lipids through a community-based survey The association between CVD risk factors, and education and income was mixed There was a negative association between smoking and hypertension, and education and income The association between diabetes, hypercholesterolemia and being overweight with education and income was not clear More men than women smoked in all education and income groups The remaining consistent results show that the relationship between smoking, and education and income was obvious and inverse among Malays, others, rural women, Western Peninsular Malaysia (WPM) and Eastern Peninsular Malaysia (EPM) Urban men showed higher prevalence of being overweight than rural men in all education and income categories Except for those with no education more rural men smoked than urban men Also, Malay men in all education and income categories showed the highest prevalence of smoking among the ethnic groups The association between CVD risk factors and socioeconomic variables should be considered when formulating programmes to reduce morbidity and mortality rates in low and middle income countries While general awareness programmes should be targeted at all, specific ones should be focused on vulnerable groups, such as, men and rural inhabitants for smoking, Malays for hypertension and hypercholesterolemia, and Indians and Malays, and respondents from EPM for diabetes

Privatising Healthcare in Malaysia: Power, Policy and Profits

Abstract: This article examines the hypothesis that interest groups are behind the increasing privatisation of healthcare services in Malaysia. The evidence supports the instrumentalist argument that powerful interest groups seeking profits, rather than real concerns for allocative efficiency, have been the prime drivers of healthcare privatisation in Malaysia . Not only have private healthcare expenditures risen more swiftly than government healthcare expenditure but, from 1982, public funds have also been used to purchase private services from public hospitals However, unlike simple class analyses, class contention manifesting through alliances between politicians, bureaucrats and capitalists has been a major force behind healthcare privatisation in Malaysia. The source of these developments can be traced to power wielded by the government to quicken the creation of a Bumiputera capitalist class that began to gain momentum from the late 1970s.

Bowling alone: The collapse and revival of American community

Abstract: The present historical moment may seem a particularly inopportune time to review Bowling Alone, Robert Putnam's latest exploration of civic decline in America. After all, the outpouring of volunteerism, solidarity, patriotism, and self-sacrifice displayed by Americans in the wake of the September 11 terrorist attacks appears to fly in the face of Putnam's central argument: that \"social capital\" -defined as \"social networks and the norms of reciprocity and trustworthiness that arise from them\" (p. 19)'has declined to dangerously low levels in America over the last three decades. However, Putnam is not fazed in the least by the recent effusion of solidarity. Quite the contrary, he sees in it the potential to \"reverse what has been a 30to 40-year steady decline in most measures of connectedness or community.\"' As an example of how the current \"war on terrorism\" could generate a durable civic renewal, Putnam points to the burst in civic practices that occurred during and after World War II, which he says \"permanently marked\" the generation that lived through it and had a \"terrific effect on American public life over the last half-century.\" 3 If Americans can follow this example and channel their current civic

Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care

Abstract: www.mobilehealthmap.org 617‐442‐3200 New research shows that mobile health clinics improve health outcomes for hard to reach populations in cost‐effective and culturally competent ways . A Harvard Medical School study determined that for every dollar invested in a mobile health clinic, the US healthcare system saves $30 on average. Mobile health clinics, which offer a range of services from preventive screenings to asthma treatment, leverage their mobility to treat people in the convenience of their own communities. For example, a mobile health clinic in Baltimore, MD, has documented savings of $3,500 per child seen due to reduced asthma‐related hospitalizations. The estimated 2,000 mobile health clinics across the country are providing similarly cost‐effective access to healthcare for a wide range of populations. Many successful mobile health clinics cite their ability to foster trusting relationships. Qualitative research in such mobile health clinics has found that patients value the informal, familiar environment in a convenient location, with staff who “are easy to talk to,” and that the staff’s “marriage of professional and personal discourses” provides patients the space to disclose information themselves. A communications academic argued that mobile health clinics’ unique use of space is important in facilitating these relationships. Mobile health clinics park in the heart of the community in familiar spaces, like shopping centers or bus stations, which lend themselves to the local community atmosphere.

Dismantling the Welfare State? Reagan, Thatcher, and the Politics of Retrenchment

Abstract: dismantling the welfare state reagan thatcher and politics of retrenchment are a good way to achieve details about operating certainproducts. Many products that you buy can be obtained using instruction manuals. These user guides are clearlybuilt to give step-by-step information about how you ought to go ahead in operating certain equipments. Ahandbook is really a user's guide to operating the equipments. Should you loose your best guide or even the productwould not provide an instructions, you can easily obtain one on the net. You can search for the manual of yourchoice online. Here, it is possible to work with google to browse through the available user guide and find the mainone you'll need. On the net, you'll be able to discover the manual that you might want with great ease andsimplicity

狱中札记 = The prison notebooks

Abstract: Selection d'extraits des Cahiers de Prison d'Antonio Gramsci, theoricien italien de la pensee marxiste, mort en prison en 1937 et qui proposa une reflexion sur l'education dans les regimes totalitaires, et plus generalement sur les systemes des gouvernements modernes, ou la priorite donnee a l'organisation economique et a l'efficacite de la production industrielle etouffe les valeurs humaines et historiques.