Showing papers by "Malcolm L. H. Green published in 1988"
Journal Article•
244 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: It is increasingly believed that respiratory muscle fatigue may play an important part in the pathogenesis of respiratory failure, and part of the value of artificial ventilation may lie in resting the respiratory muscles.
Abstract: The respiratory muscles provide the motive power for breathing. Despite this central role in ventilation their physiology has been relatively neglected, perhaps partly because of the complexity of their function, and the difficulties of studying them. However, in the last decade, there has been considerable increase in interest, and a number of new concepts have arisen [l-31. It is now appreciated that the translation of central nervous output into ventilation requires a sophisticated integration of the respiratory muscles, which have to subserve the requirements of posture and body movement, simultaneously with breathing. The importance of the shape (configuration) of the respiratory system to muscle action has been emphasized. Analysis has shown that the functions of the diaphragm are complex: it is anatomically and embryologically derived from two muscles, and these parts may have different physiological actions. The abdominal muscles appear to be not only powerful muscles of expiration, but also facilitate inspiration. Both internal and external intercostal muscles now seem to be inspiratory at low lung volumes and expiratory at high lung volumes. Like all skeletal muscles the respiratory muscles are capable of fatigue after heavy loads. It is increasingly believed that respiratory muscle fatigue may play an important part in the pathogenesis of respiratory failure, and part of the value of artificial ventilation may lie in resting the respiratory muscles. The respiratory muscles comprise the diaphragm, the intercostal muscles, the abdominal muscles, and the so-called ‘accessory’ muscles including the sternomastoid and scalene muscles. However, probably all of the muscles of the trunk and neck can be recruited as respiratory muscles under heavy loads.
158 citations
TL;DR: It is concluded that measurement of esophageal pressure during a maximal sniff is a useful test of inspiratory muscle strength and overcomes the difficulty some patients have in carrying out the Pimax maneuver.
Abstract: Esophageal pressure generated during a maximal sniff (sniff Pes) was compared with mouth pressure generated during a maximal inspiration against a closed airway (Pimax) as a measure of global inspiratory muscle strength in 61 patients referred for investigation of respiratory muscle function. Transdiaphragmatic pressure (Pdi) was also measured during both maneuvers to compare maximal diaphragmatic strength. Sniff Pes (males, 68 +/- 27 cm H2O; normal greater than 53; females, 66 +/- 21; normal greater than 48) was greater than Pimax (males, 45 +/- 24 cm H2O; normal greater than 42; females, 42 +/- 24; normal greater than 17) in 55 of the 61 patients, both in absolute values and as a percentage of normal. In 36 patients Pimax and sniff Pes were both normal (mean +/- 2 SD), whereas in 13 patients they were both low. In 11 patients, Pimax was low, but sniff Pes was normal. One patient had a reduced sniff Pes but a Pimax at the lower limit of normal. In the 36 patients in whom both Pimax and sniff Pes were normal, Pdi was also normal or only moderately reduced, and in the 13 patients in whom both Pimax and sniff Pes were reduced, Pdi was very low. However, in the group of 11 patients with a low Pimax but a normal sniff Pes, Pdi was normal or only moderately reduced, suggesting that Pimax was falsely low, perhaps because of difficulties with the technique. Conversely, in the single patient with a low sniff Pes but a Pimax just within the normal range, Pdi was very low. We conclude that measurement of esophageal pressure during a maximal sniff is a useful test of inspiratory muscle strength and overcomes the difficulty some patients have in carrying out the Pimax maneuver.
131 citations
TL;DR: It is concluded that significant abnormalities of respiratory muscle function can occur during upper respiratory tract infections in otherwise healthy young adults.
Abstract: Global respiratory muscle strength was studied in 22 normal healthy volunteers during a 4-month winter period. Twelve subjects developed naturally acquired upper respiratory tract infections. Maximal static expiratory and inspiratory mouth pressures fell significantly during these infections. The greatest falls were documented between the third and seventh days of clinical illness. Full recovery occurred by the fourteenth day. We conclude that significant abnormalities of respiratory muscle function can occur during upper respiratory tract infections in otherwise healthy young adults.
125 citations
TL;DR: It is concluded that expiratory and inspiratory muscle weakness was not uncommon in patients with myasthenia gravis and Respiratory muscle strength improved after Tensilon.
Abstract: Global respiratory muscle function and diaphragmatic strength were assessed and compared with quadriceps femoris muscle strength in 17 patients with generalized mild-to-moderate myasthenia gravis and breathlessness Initial measurements, made 10 h after the last dose of oral anticholinesterase therapy, demonstrated reduced maximal static expiratory (524 +/- 268% predicted) and inspiratory (540 +/- 235% predicted) mouth pressures in 16 patients, and reduced quadriceps femoris muscle strength in all cases Vital capacity (VC) (709 +/- 190% predicted) was abnormal in 12 patients Transdiaphragmatic pressure recorded during maximal sniffs (sniff Pdl) was reduced in eight patients, whereas pressure recorded during bilateral phrenic nerve stimulation at 1 Hz (twitch Pdi) was reduced in only three There was no relationship between the grade of myasthenia or the severity of dyspnea and any of the measurements of respiratory muscle strength After the administration of edrophonium hydrochloride (Tensilon), there was a significant increase in maximal static expiratory and inspiratory mouth pressures in quadriceps muscle strength and in sniff Pdi The small increase in VC was not significant, and twitch Pdi increased in only one patient Phrenic nerve conduction time was normal before and after Tensilon Two patients with severe long-standing myasthenia showed no improvement in any measurement after Tensilon We conclude that expiratory and inspiratory muscle weakness was not uncommon in patients with myasthenia gravis Respiratory muscle strength improved after Tensilon Vital capacity was a less sensitive measure of respiratory muscle strength than were respiratory mouth pressures and sniff Pdi Diaphragmatic involvement was not detected by twitch Pdi unless the weakness was severe(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
93 citations
TL;DR: It is concluded that recent hemidiaphragm paralysis causes a reduction in transdiaphragmatic pressure that is associated with a reduction with maximum inspiratory mouth pressure.
Abstract: Eleven patients with unilateral diaphragm paralysis of recent onset were studied to investigate the effect of the paralysis on inspiratory muscle function. Nine of the patients had noticed a decrease in exercise tolerance, which was not explained by any other pathological condition. Hemidiaphragm dysfunction was confirmed by the demonstration of a greatly reduced or absent transdiaphragmatic pressure on stimulation of the phrenic nerve in the neck, by means of surface bipolar electrodes (unilateral twitch Pdi), compared with normal values on the contralateral side. Transdiaphragmatic pressure was 44.6% (9.4%) predicted during a maximal sniff and 30.3% (16.8%) predicted during a maximal static inspiration against a closed airway, confirming diaphragm weakness. Maximum static inspiratory mouth pressures were also low (61.7% (12.7%) predicted), consistent with a reduction in inspiratory muscle capacity. Phrenic nerve conduction time was prolonged on the affected side in nine patients, consistent with phrenic nerve dysfunction, whereas on the unaffected side it was normal. It is concluded that recent hemidiaphragm paralysis causes a reduction in transdiaphragmatic pressure that is associated with a reduction in maximum inspiratory mouth pressure. Phrenic nerve stimulation is a useful technique with which to confirm and quantify hemidiaphragm dysfunction. Measurement of phrenic nerve conduction time provides useful information about the underlying pathology.
79 citations
TL;DR: It is concluded that hypothyroidism may present with breathlessness due to respiratory muscle weakness and/or phrenic nerve neuropathy and is reversible with treatment.
Abstract: A 58-yr-old woman presented with recurrent chest infections, breathlessness, and orthopnea. She complained of nonspecific tiredness and aching limbs. A chest radiograph showed an elevated right hemidiaphragm. Thyroid function tests showed her to be severely hypothyroid (T4 = 23 nmol/L; TSH greater than 50 mU/L). Measurement of maximal respiratory mouth pressures (expiratory: 50 cm H2O, normal, 94 +/- 33; inspiratory: 15 cm H2O, normal, 71 +/- 27) suggested global respiratory muscle weakness. Severe bilateral diaphragm weakness was demonstrated by a greatly reduced maximal transdiaphragmatic pressure (Pdi) (Pdi Pimax = 0, normal, 65 +/- 31 cm H2O; sniff Pdi = 25 cm H2O, normal, 121 +/- 25). No Pdi was detectable on stimulation of the right phrenic nerve, whereas, on the left, it was 11 cm H2O (normal 7 to 15 cm H2O). Phrenic nerve conduction time was prolonged to both sides (right, 12 ms, left, 10 ms; normal, less than 9.5 ms). The relaxation rate of Pdi after a maximal sniff and after bilateral phrenic nerve stimulation was abnormally slow (7.4%/10 ms, 6.3%/10 ms, respectively). Three months after starting treatment with thyroxine she had become euthyroid, and phrenic nerve conduction times and Pdi relaxation rates had returned to normal. Maximal respiratory pressures, vital capacity, and maximal voluntary ventilation improved progressively on treatment, although maximal respiratory pressures still had not reached the normal range after six months. We conclude that hypothyroidism may present with breathlessness due to respiratory muscle weakness and/or phrenic nerve neuropathy and is reversible with treatment.
60 citations
TL;DR: Two patients are described with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease and chronic peripheral neuropathy, both of which had dyspnoea, orthopnoea and evidence of severe diaphragm weakness and abnormalities of gas exchange during sleep were only minor.
Abstract: Two patients are described with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease and chronic peripheral neuropathy. Both had dyspnoea, orthopnoea, and evidence of severe diaphragm weakness. Expiratory muscle function was well preserved and abnormalities of gas exchange during sleep were only minor.
40 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the three-vertex metallaborane [Ru(η-C5Me5)(PMe3)(η2-B2H7)] has been synthesised by reaction of [Ru (η -C5H5)2H( η 2-B 2H5)] with NaBH4.
Abstract: The novel three-vertex metallaborane [Ru(η–C5Me5)(PMe3)(η2-B2H7)](1) has been synthesised by reaction of [Ru(η-C5Me5)(PMe3)Cl2] with NaBH4; homologation is also observed in the reaction of [Mo(η-C5H5)2H2] with BH3·THF, which forms [Mo(η-C5H5)2H(η2-B2H5)](2); X-ray crystal structures of compounds (1) and (2) are reported.
35 citations
TL;DR: The arachno -2-tungstametallaborane, [WH 3 (PMe 3 ) 3 B 3 H 8 [, has been made in high yield (>90%) by the reaction of the monoborane BH 3 ·THF (THF = tetrahydrofuran) with [WH 6(PMe3 ) 3 ]. This represents a controlled transition metal mediated synthesis of a higher borane moiety from a mononuclear precursor.
34 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the crystal structure of the eight-coordinate tetrahydride complex was determined in the orthorhombic space group Ccca(no. 68), with cell parameters a= 18.351(2), b= 20.164(2) and c= 9.150(6)A.
Abstract: Co-condensation of molybdenum atoms with the tertiary diphosphine 1,2-bis(di-isopropylphosphino)ethane affords the stereochemically non-rigid, eight-co-ordinate tetrahydride complex [MoH4(Pri2PCH2CH2PPri2)2]. The crystal structure has been determined in the orthorhombic space group Ccca(no. 68), with cell parameters a= 18.351(2), b= 20.164(2), c= 9.150(6)A, and Z= 4.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors survey and review the solid state properties of some organometallic materials, including those with interesting conducting, magnetic and optical properties, and define a compound as one which contains a transition metal bonded to a hydrocarbon ligand.
TL;DR: In this article, the metalla-crown ether complex [W(η-C5H5)2SCH2-(CH2OCH2)3CH2S] was shown to undergo reversible one-electron oxidation.
TL;DR: Findings indicate that diaphragmatic dysfunction, probably caused by ataxia during voluntary maneuvers, may occur in association with cerebellar atrophy.
Abstract: Transdiaphragmatic pressures were measured in 3 patients with cerebellar atrophy. Recordings were made during 3 types of voluntary maneuver--maximal sniffs, full inspirations, and maximal static inspiratory efforts, and during bilateral supramaximal phrenic nerve stimulation at 1 Hz. Although diaphragmatic weakness was demonstrated during the voluntary maneuvers, transdiaphragmatic pressures recorded during phrenic nerve stimulation were normal. These findings indicate that diaphragmatic dysfunction, probably caused by ataxia during voluntary maneuvers, may occur in association with cerebellar atrophy. In the presence of diaphragmatic weakness, normal values of transdiaphragmatic pressure during phrenic nerve stimulation may suggest an upper motor neuron lesion affecting the diaphragm.
TL;DR: In this article, the metalla-crown ether complex [W{SCH2(CH2OCH2)3CH2S}(η-C5H5)2] (M = Mo, 5; M = W, 6) were prepared by the reaction of the sodium salt of 4thiobenzo-15crown-5 with [M(∆, C5H 5)2Cl2] or 2, respectively.
TL;DR: Two compounds are formed by co-condensation of rhenium atoms with indene and can be reversibly protonated giving the first example of an η 3 :η 6 -indenyl ligand.
TL;DR: In this paper, the preparation and solid state properties of compounds formed by intercalation of redox-active cubane cluster compounds [Fe4(η-C5H4Me)4(µ3-S)4] and [Mo4( Δ-C 5H4Pri)4 (µ 3-Se)4], and of related organometallic intercalations compounds, are described.
Abstract: The preparation and solid state properties of compounds formed by intercalation of redox-active cubane cluster compounds [Fe4(η-C5H4Me)4(µ3-S)4] and [Mo4(η-C5H4Pri)4(µ3-Se)4] into MoO3 or FeOCl, and of related organometallic intercalation compounds, is described.
TL;DR: In this article, evidence is presented for "in-place" rotation of the methyl groups of agostic η2-ethyl systems leading to hydrogen scrambling in ethylene-hydride complexes.
Abstract: Evidence is presented for ‘in-place’ rotation of the methyl groups of agostic η2-ethyl systems leading to hydrogen scrambling in ethylene–hydride complexes.
TL;DR: The combined evidence from n.m.r. spectra, including kinetic studies, and from the preparation and reactions of intermediates shows that the η-ethylbenzene compound is formed by the sequence [Mo(η-C6H6)(dmpe)(ε-C2H4)H]+.
Abstract: The cis-ethylenehydride compounds [Mo(η-C6H6)(L2)(η-C2H4)H]PF6[L2= Me2PCH2CH2PMe2(dmpe) or o-C6H4(EMe2)2(E = P, pdmp, or As, pdma)] react with trimethylphosphine to give the η-ethylbenzene compounds [Mo(η-C6H5Et)(L2)(PMe3)H]PF6. Detailed studies of the mechanism of this reaction show that there is an initial reaction, at low temperatures, giving isomeric mixtures of thermally unstable η-cyclohexadienyl derivatives [Mo(η-C6H7)(dmpe)(PMe3)(η-C2H4)]+. The combined evidence from n.m.r. spectra, including kinetic studies, and from the preparation and reactions of intermediates shows that the η-ethylbenzene compound is formed by the sequence [Mo(η-C6H6)(dmpe)(η-C2H4)H]+→[Mo(η-C6H6)(dmpe)(PMe3)Et]+→[Mo(η-C6H6Et-endo)(dmpe)(PMe3)(solvent)]+→[Mo(η-C6H5Et)(dmpe)(PMe3)]+ H+→[Mo(η-C6H5Et)(dmpe)(PMe3)H]+. The following new compounds have been prepared and characterised: [Mo(η-C6H6){P(OMe)3}2(η-C3H5)] PF6, [Mo(η-C6H6)(pdmp)(η-C3H5)]PF6, [Mo(η-C6H6)(pdma)(η-C3H5)]PF6, [Mo(η-C6H6)(pdmp)(η-C2H4)], [Mo(η-C6H6)(pdma)(η-C2H4)], [Mo(η-C6H6)(pdmp)(η-C2H4)H]PF6, [Mo(η-C6H6)(pdma)(η-C3H5)]PF6, [Mo(η-C6H6)(pdmp)(η-C2H4)], [Mo(η-C6H6)(pdma)(η-C2H4)], [Mo(η-C6H6)(pdmp)(η-C2H4)H]PF6, [Mo(η-C6H6)(pdma)(η-C2H4)H]PF6, [Mo(η-C6H5Et)(pdmp)(PMe3)H]PF6, [Mo(η-C6H5Et)(pdma)(PMe3)H]PF6, [Mo(η-C6H6)(dmpe)(PMe3)D]PF6, [Mo(η-C6H6)(dmpe)(η-C2H4)], [Mo(η-C6H6Et-endo)(dmpe)2]PF6, [Mo(η-C6H6)(dmpe){P(OMe)3}H]PF6, [Mo(η-C6H6)(dmpe)(CO)H]PF6, [Mo(η-C6H6)(dmpe)(2,6-Me2C6H3 NC)]PF6, [Mo(η-C6H5Me)(dmpe)(η-C2H4)H]PF6, [Mo(C6H4Me-2-Et-1)(dmpe)(PMe3)H]PF6, [Mo(C6H4Me-3-Et-1)(dmpe)(PMe3)H]PF6, [Mo(C6H5Me-1-Et-6-endo)(dmpe)2]PF6, [Mo(C6H5Me-2-Et-6-endo)(dmpe)2]PF6, and [Mo(η-C6H6Et-endo)(pdmp)2]PF6.
TL;DR: The reaction of [W(PMe3)3H6] with cycloheptatriene at 80 °C gives the compounds [W (η5-C7H9)(η3-C 7H7)(PMe 3H6)2] and [W[W(η-C-7H7)7H11]- in moderate yields as mentioned in this paper, which have been characterised using two-dimensional n.m. spectroscopy.
Abstract: The reaction of [W(PMe3)3H6] with cycloheptatriene at 80 °C gives the compounds [W(η5-C7H9)(η3-C7H7)(PMe3)2] and [W(η-C7H7)(η3-C7H11)(PMe3)] in moderate yields. [W(η5-C7H9)(η3-C7H7)(PMe3)2] reacts with carbon monoxide giving [W(η5-C7H9)(η3-C7H7)(CO)], both of which have been characterised using two-dimensional n.m.r. spectroscopy.
TL;DR: Oxidative dimerization of sodium (aza-15-crown-5) dithiocarbamate affords bis(aza- 15-c Crown-5)-thiuram disulphide, which exhibits dramatic changes in the dynamic 13C-{1H} n.m.r. spectrum upon addition of sodium ions.
Abstract: Oxidative dimerization of sodium (aza-15-crown-5) dithiocarbamate affords bis(aza-15-crown-5)-thiuram disulphide, which exhibits dramatic changes in the dynamic 13C-{1H} n.m.r. spectrum upon addition of sodium ions.
TL;DR: In this article, the crystal structure of [trans-Nb(dmpe)2(η-C4H6)H] has been determined using variable temperature NMR studies and spin magnetization transfer experiments.
TL;DR: In this paper, the synthesis of the chiral cyclopentadiene compound (4S,5S)-trans-4-(cyclopentadene-1-methyl)-5-diphenylphosphine-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane (4) and the related ferrocenylphophosphine derivative trans-[Feη-C5H4CH2[CHOC(CH3)2OCH]CH2PPh22] (5) are described.
TL;DR: Diaphragmatic weakness in spinocerebellar degeneration is characterised by weakness and spasticity of the legs with early onset in childhood or adolescence and slow progression.
Abstract: A 23 year old housewife presented with dysarthria, which she had had since the age of 11, and mild dyspnoea and difficulty in swallowing of recent onset. Her symptoms showed little deterioration until eight years later, when at the age of 31 she complained of increasing breathlessness and mild orthopnoea. She had also become unsteady with difficulty walking because ofstiffness ofher legs, she had occasional clonus, and her writing had deteriorated. There was no parental consanguinity and no relevant family history. On examination she was mildly breathless and she had paradoxical inward inspiratory motion of the anterior abdominal wall when supine. Otherwise there was no abnormality of the respiratory or cardiovascular system. She had mild bilateral facial weakness, volitional difficulty in keeping her eyes closed, and little palatal movement on phonation; but bilateral facial jerks were present and the gag reflex was brisk. Tendon jerks were exaggerated with extensor plantar responses and there was spasticity of all limbs with upper motor neurone weakness. Investigations showed the following to be normal: chest radiographs; arterial blood gas tensions; cerebrospinal fluid; visual evoked responses; electromyograms of the right deltoid, triceps, and vastus medialis; single fibre electromyograms, and a quadriceps muscle biopsy specimen. The vital capacity in the sitting position was 2 65 1 (81% predicted normal) and this fell by 28% to 19 1 when the patient was supine (normal postural fall < 25%2). Oesophageal and gastric pressures were measured with balloon catheters, placed in the mid oesophagus and stomach respectively, and transdiaphragmatic pressure (Pdi) was obtained by electronic subtraction of oesophageal pressure from gastric pressure. The change in transdiaphragmatic pressure during a slow inspiration to total lung capacity was 17 5 cm H20 (normal > 25 cm H03), and Pdi during a maximal sniff was 29 cm H,O (normal > 70 cm H204),
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The chiral ditosylate (I) reacts with the phosphide (II) to give the phosphine (III), together with the bisphosphine (IV).
Abstract: The chiral ditosylate (I) reacts with the phosphide (II) to give the phosphine (III), together with the bisphosphine (IV).
TL;DR: In this article, the cis-ethylenehydride compound was shown to react with trimethylphosphine to give isomeric mixtures of thermally unstable η-cyclohexadienyl derivatives.
Abstract: The cis-ethylenehydride compounds [Mo(η-C6H6)(L2)(η-C2H4)H]PF6[L2= Me2PCH2CH2PMe2(dmpe) or o-C6H4(EMe2)2(E = P, pdmp, or As, pdma)] react with trimethylphosphine to give the η-ethylbenzene compounds [Mo(η-C6H5Et)(L2)(PMe3)H]PF6. Detailed studies of the mechanism of this reaction show that there is an initial reaction, at low temperatures, giving isomeric mixtures of thermally unstable η-cyclohexadienyl derivatives [Mo(η-C6H7)(dmpe)(PMe3)(η-C2H4)]+. The combined evidence from n.m.r. spectra, including kinetic studies, and from the preparation and reactions of intermediates shows that the η-ethylbenzene compound is formed by the sequence [Mo(η-C6H6)(dmpe)(η-C2H4)H]+→[Mo(η-C6H6)(dmpe)(PMe3)Et]+→[Mo(η-C6H6Et-endo)(dmpe)(PMe3)(solvent)]+→[Mo(η-C6H5Et)(dmpe)(PMe3)]+ H+→[Mo(η-C6H5Et)(dmpe)(PMe3)H]+. The following new compounds have been prepared and characterised: [Mo(η-C6H6){P(OMe)3}2(η-C3H5)] PF6, [Mo(η-C6H6)(pdmp)(η-C3H5)]PF6, [Mo(η-C6H6)(pdma)(η-C3H5)]PF6, [Mo(η-C6H6)(pdmp)(η-C2H4)], [Mo(η-C6H6)(pdma)(η-C2H4)], [Mo(η-C6H6)(pdmp)(η-C2H4)H]PF6, [Mo(η-C6H6)(pdma)(η-C3H5)]PF6, [Mo(η-C6H6)(pdmp)(η-C2H4)], [Mo(η-C6H6)(pdma)(η-C2H4)], [Mo(η-C6H6)(pdmp)(η-C2H4)H]PF6, [Mo(η-C6H6)(pdma)(η-C2H4)H]PF6, [Mo(η-C6H5Et)(pdmp)(PMe3)H]PF6, [Mo(η-C6H5Et)(pdma)(PMe3)H]PF6, [Mo(η-C6H6)(dmpe)(PMe3)D]PF6, [Mo(η-C6H6)(dmpe)(η-C2H4)], [Mo(η-C6H6Et-endo)(dmpe)2]PF6, [Mo(η-C6H6)(dmpe){P(OMe)3}H]PF6, [Mo(η-C6H6)(dmpe)(CO)H]PF6, [Mo(η-C6H6)(dmpe)(2,6-Me2C6H3 NC)]PF6, [Mo(η-C6H5Me)(dmpe)(η-C2H4)H]PF6, [Mo(C6H4Me-2-Et-1)(dmpe)(PMe3)H]PF6, [Mo(C6H4Me-3-Et-1)(dmpe)(PMe3)H]PF6, [Mo(C6H5Me-1-Et-6-endo)(dmpe)2]PF6, [Mo(C6H5Me-2-Et-6-endo)(dmpe)2]PF6, and [Mo(η-C6H6Et-endo)(pdmp)2]PF6.
TL;DR: In this paper, co-condensation of atoms of ruthenium, osmium, or manganese with benzene-trimethylphosphine gives [RuH(η-C6H6)(PMe3)(σ-C 6H5)], [OsH( η-c6H4Me2-1,4,3,5), and [MnH(α-C5H5)(PME3)3]BF4] respectively.
Abstract: Co-condensation of atoms of ruthenium, osmium, or manganese with benzene–trimethylphosphine gives [RuH(η-C6H6)(PMe3)(σ-C6H5)], [OsH(η-C6H6)(PMe3)(σ-C6H5)], and [MnH(η-C6H6)(PMe3)2], respectively. Manganese atoms react with cyclopentadiene–trimethylphosphine giving [Mn(η-C5H5)(PMe3)3] which is protonated by HBF4 giving [MnH(η-C5H5)(PMe3)3]BF4. Heating [RuH(η-C6H6)(PMe3)(σ-C6H5)] in [2H6] benzene, toluene, o-, m-, or p-xylene, or mesitylene causes ligand-exchange reactions giving [RuD(η-C6D6)(PMe3)(σ-C6D5)], [RuH(η-C6H5Me)(PMe3)(σ-C6H4Me-m or -p)], [RuH(η-C6H4Me2-1,2)(PMe3)(σ-C6H3Me2-3,4)], [RuH(η-C6H4Me2-1,3)(PMe3)(σ-C6H3Me2-3,5)], [RuH(η-C6H4Me2-1,4)(PMe3)(σ-C6H5)], and [RuH(η-C6H3Me3-1,3,5)(PMe3)(σ-C6H5)] respectively.