Marcos Rafael Nanni

Bio: Marcos Rafael Nanni is an academic researcher from Universidade Estadual de Maringá. The author has contributed to research in topics: Soil test & Hyperspectral imaging. The author has an hindex of 19, co-authored 97 publications receiving 1381 citations. Previous affiliations of Marcos Rafael Nanni include UEM Group.

Spectral Reflectance Methodology in Comparison to Traditional Soil Analysis

Abstract: Traditional soil analyses are expensive, time-consuming, and may also result in environmental pollutants. The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate a methodology to measure soil attributes using spectral reflectance (SR) as an alternative to traditional methods. Tropical Brazilian soils were sampled over a 196-ha area divided into grids. Samples (n 5 184) were obtained from the 0- to 20- and 80- to 100-cm depths and georeferenced. The laboratory SR data were obtained using a Spectroradiometer (400–2 500 nm). Satellite reflectance values were sampled from corrected Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) images. Particle-size distribution and chemical analysis (organic matter [OM], cation-exchange capacity [CEC], total SiO2 ,F e 2O3, TiO2, sum of cations, cation, and Al saturation) were performed in the laboratory. Statistical analysis and multiple regression equations for soilattribute predictionsusingradiometricdataweredeveloped.Laboratory data used 22 bands and 13 ‘‘Reflectance Inflexion Differences, RID’’ from different wavelength intervals of the optical spectrum. However, the satellite data used only the reflectance of the 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 7 TM-Landsat bands. Multiple regression equations were derived from surface and subsurface soil layers. Estimations of some tropical soil attributes were possible using laboratory spectral analysis. Laboratory SR yielded high correlations with traditional laboratory analyses (R 2 . 0.79) for the soil attributes such as clay, sand, TiO2, and Fe2O3. Satellite spectral data correlated well with most of the soil attributes such as clay, Fe2O3, and TiO2 (reaching R 2 5 0.72). The use of soil analysis methodology by satellite and/or ground remote sensing constitutes an alternative to traditional routine laboratory analysis.

Optimum size in grid soil sampling for variable rate application in site-specific management

Abstract: The importance of understanding spatial variability of soils is connected to crop management planning. This understanding makes it possible to treat soil not as a uniform, but a variable entity, and it enables site-specific management to increase production efficiency, which is the target of precision agriculture. Questions remain as the optimum soil sampling interval needed to make site-specific fertilizer recommendations in Brazil. The objectives of this study were: i) to evaluate the spatial variability of the main attributes that influence fertilization recommendations, using georeferenced soil samples arranged in grid patterns of different resolutions; ii) to compare the spatial maps generated with those obtained with the standard sampling of 1 sample ha -1 , in order to verify the appropriateness of the spatial resolution. The attributes evaluated were phosphorus (P), potassium (K), organic matter (OM), base saturation (V%) and clay. Soil samples were collected in a 100 × 100 m georeferenced grid. Thinning was performed in order to create a grid with one sample every 2.07, 2.88, 3.75 and 7.20 ha. Geostatistical techniques, such as semivariogram and interpolation using kriging, were used to analyze the attributes at the different grid resolutions. This analysis was performed with the Vesper software package. The maps created by this method were compared using the kappa statistics. Additionally, correlation graphs were drawn by plotting the observed values against the estimated values using cross-validation. P, K and V%, a finer sampling resolution than the one using 1 sample ha -1 is required, while for OM and clay coarser resolutions of one sample every two and three hectares, respectively, may be acceptable.

Remote Sensing And Image Interpretation

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Visible and Near Infrared Spectroscopy in Soil Science

Abstract: This chapter provides a review on the state of soil visible–near infrared (vis–NIR) spectroscopy Our intention is for the review to serve as a source of up-to-date information on the past and current role of vis–NIR spectroscopy in soil science It should also provide critical discussion on issues surrounding the use of vis–NIR for soil analysis and on future directions To this end, we describe the fundamentals of visible and infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and spectroscopic multivariate calibrations A review of the past and current role of vis–NIR spectroscopy in soil analysis is provided, focusing on important soil attributes such as soil organic matter (SOM), minerals, texture, nutrients, water, pH, and heavy metals We then discuss the performance and generalization capacity of vis–NIR calibrations, with particular attention on sample pretratments, covariations in data sets, and mathematical data preprocessing Field analyses and strategies for the practical use of vis–NIR are considered We conclude that the technique is useful to measure soil water and mineral composition and to derive robust calibrations for SOM and clay content Many studies show that we also can predict properties such as pH and nutrients, although their robustness may be questioned For future work we recommend that research should focus on: (i) moving forward with more theoretical calibrations, (ii) better understanding of the complexity of soil and the physical basis for soil reflection, and (iii) applications and the use of spectra for soil mapping and monitoring, and for making inferences about soils quality, fertility and function To do this, research in soil spectroscopy needs to be more collaborative and strategic The development of the Global Soil Spectral Library might be a step in the right direction

Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo

Abstract: Resumen en: The aim of this study was a survey of the estimated costs of soil erosion, an issue of fundamental importance in view of the current worldwide discussion...