Author
Marilla G. Lucero
Bio: Marilla G. Lucero is an academic researcher from Research Institute for Tropical Medicine. The author has contributed to research in topics: Pneumonia & Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. The author has an hindex of 24, co-authored 72 publications receiving 4738 citations.
Papers published on a yearly basis
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University of Edinburgh1, University of Glasgow2, Johns Hopkins University3, University of Colorado Boulder4, University of the Witwatersrand5, International Military Sports Council6, Aga Khan University7, Medical Research Council8, King George's Medical University9, Kenya Medical Research Institute10, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh11, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention12, Tribhuvan University13, University of Bergen14, University of Barcelona15, Utrecht University16, Emory University17, All India Institute of Medical Sciences18, University of Liverpool19, Boston Children's Hospital20, National Institute of Virology21, University of Zambia22, University of Health Sciences Antigua23, National Health Laboratory Service24, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention25, Austral University26, University of Michigan27, Vanderbilt University28, University of New South Wales29, University of Otago30, University of Auckland31, Universidad del Valle de Guatemala32, University of Jordan33, University of Maryland, Baltimore34, National Scientific and Technical Research Council35, Research Institute for Tropical Medicine36, Pwani University College37, University of Cape Town38, University of Warwick39, Academy of Medical Sciences, United Kingdom40, Tohoku University41, École normale supérieure de Lyon42, John E. Fogarty International Center43, Charité44, Universidad Nacional de Asunción45, Tehran University of Medical Sciences46, Robert Koch Institute47, University of London48, University of New Mexico49, Capital Medical University50, Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium51, Innlandet Hospital Trust52, Columbia University53, Mahidol University54, University of Pretoria55, Thailand Ministry of Public Health56, Peking Union Medical College57, Nagasaki University58, Public Health Foundation of India59
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors estimated the incidence and hospital admission rate of RSV-associated acute lower respiratory infection (RSV-ALRI) in children younger than 5 years stratified by age and World Bank income regions.
1,470 citations
University of Edinburgh1, Public Health Foundation of India2, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh3, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention4, University of Barcelona5, University of Oxford6, University of the Witwatersrand7, National Institutes of Health8, University of California, Berkeley9, Fukushima Medical University10, Medical Research Council11, All India Institute of Medical Sciences12, University of Colorado Denver13, Research Institute for Tropical Medicine14, Kenya Medical Research Institute15, Johns Hopkins University16, Pasteur Institute17, Delta State University18, University of Pretoria19, Columbia University20, World Health Organization21, Emory University22, Dartmouth College23, University of Split24
TL;DR: The role of influenza in childhood mortality from ALRI is estimated by combining incidence estimates with case fatality ratios from hospital-based reports and identifying studies with population-based data for influenza seasonality and monthly ALRI mortality.
804 citations
University of Edinburgh1, Public Health Foundation of India2, University of Colorado Denver3, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases4, University of Melbourne5, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention6, Johns Hopkins University7, Medical Research Council8, Kenya Medical Research Institute9, University of Barcelona10, Health Protection Agency11, Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium12, Research Institute for Tropical Medicine13, Boston Children's Hospital14, University of the Witwatersrand15, All India Institute of Medical Sciences16, Aga Khan University17, Universidad de Ciencias Medicas18, Universidade Federal de Goiás19, University of Buenos Aires20, United Nations Development Programme21, Universidad del Valle de Guatemala22, University of Liverpool23, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation24, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh25
TL;DR: The data suggest that although 62% of children with severe ALRI are treated in hospitals, 81% of deaths happen outside hospitals, which suggests community-based management of severe disease could be an important complementary strategy to reduce pneumonia mortality and health inequities.
597 citations
TL;DR: Using standardized definitions and training, it is possible to achieve agreement in identifying Radiological pneumonia, thus facilitating the comparison of results of epidemiological studies that use radiological pneumonia as an outcome.
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Although radiological pneumonia is used as an outcome measure in epidemiological studies, there is considerable variability in the interpretation of chest radiographs. A standardized method for identifying radiological pneumonia would facilitate comparison of the results of vaccine trials and epidemiological studies of pneumonia. METHODS: A WHO working group developed definitions for radiological pneumonia. Inter-observer variability in categorizing a set of 222 chest radiographic images was measured by comparing the readings made by 20 radiologists and clinicians with a reference reading. Intra-observer variability was measured by comparing the initial readings of a randomly chosen subset of 100 radiographs with repeat readings made 8-30 days later. FINDINGS: Of the 222 images, 208 were considered interpretable. The reference reading categorized 43% of these images as showing alveolar consolidation or pleural effusion (primary end-point pneumonia); the proportion thus categorized by each of the 20 readers ranged from 8% to 61%. Using the reference reading as the gold standard, 14 of the 20 readers had sensitivity and specificity of > 0.70 in identifying primary end-point pneumonia; 13 out of 20 readers had a kappa index of > 0.6 compared with the reference reading. For the 92 radiographs deemed to be interpretable among the 100 images used for intra-observer variability, 19 out of 20 readers had a kappa index of > 0.6. CONCLUSION: Using standardized definitions and training, it is possible to achieve agreement in identifying radiological pneumonia, thus facilitating the comparison of results of epidemiological studies that use radiological pneumonia as an outcome.
586 citations
TL;DR: PCV is effective in preventing IPD, X-ray defined pneumonia, and clinical pneumonia among HIV-1 negative and HIV-2 positive children under two years, and the impact was greater for VT-IPD than for all serotypes-IPd, and for X-rays defined pneumonia than for clinical pneumonia.
Abstract: Background: Pneumonia, caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among children in low-income countries. The effectiveness of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) against invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD), pneumonia, and mortality needs to be evaluated. Objectives: To update the 2004 review on the efficacy of PCVs in preventing vaccine-serotypes IPD (VT-IPD) , X-ray defined pneumonia among HIV-1 negative children, and other new outcomes. Search strategy: We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (The Cochrane Library 2009, issue 1), which contains the Cochrane Acute Respiratory Infections Group's Specialised Register; MEDLINE (1990 toWeek 4 February 2009); and EMBASE (1974 to March 2009). Selection criteria: Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing PCV with placebo, or another vaccine, in children under two with IPD and clinical / radiographic pneumonia as outcomes. Data collection and analysis: Two review authors independently identified studies, extracted data, and evaluated their corresponding risks of bias. Differences were resolved by discussion. Meta-analysis used the inverse variance method. Main results: We identified 11 publications from six RCTs conducted in Africa, US, Philippines and Finland where 57,015 children received PCV; while 56,029 received placebo or another vaccine. Seven publications provided high quality evidence on PCV efficacy against IPD and four provided moderate quality evidence against pneumonia. None of the five trials with all-cause mortality data were powered to investigate this outcome. Only two trials have data on all-cause admissions. The main analysis for this review involved HIV-1 negative children and used the pooled results of random-effects model, intent-totreat analysis (ITT). Pooled vaccine efficacy (VE) for VT-IPD was 80% (95% confidence interval (CI) 58% to 90%, P < 0.0001); all serotypes-IPD, 58% (95%CI 29%to 75%, P = 0.001) ;WorldHealthOrganization X-ray defined pneumonia was 27%(95%CI 15%to 36%, P < 0.0001); clinical pneumonia, 6% (95% CI 2% to 9%, P = 0.0006); and all-cause mortality, 11% (95% CI -1% to 21%, P = 0.08). Analysis involving HIV-1 positive children had similar findings. Authors' conclusions: PCV is effective in preventing IPD, X-ray defined pneumonia, and clinical pneumonia among HIV-1 negative and HIV-1 positive children under two years. The impact was greater for VT-IPD than for all serotypes-IPD, and for X-ray defined pneumonia than for clinical pneumonia. An 11% reduction with a 95% CI of -1% to 21% and a P = 0.08 is compatible with reduction in all-cause mortality.
231 citations
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TL;DR: The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2010 aimed to estimate annual deaths for the world and 21 regions between 1980 and 2010 for 235 causes, with uncertainty intervals (UIs), separately by age and sex, using the Cause of Death Ensemble model.
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TL;DR: The Global Burden of Disease 2016 Study (GBD 2016) provides a comprehensive assessment of cause-specific mortality for 264 causes in 195 locations from 1980 to 2016 as discussed by the authors, which includes evaluation of the expected epidemiological transition with changes in development and where local patterns deviate from these trends.
3,228 citations