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Mario Speranza

Bio: Mario Speranza is an academic researcher from French Institute of Health and Medical Research. The author has contributed to research in topics: Borderline personality disorder & Eating disorders. The author has an hindex of 29, co-authored 67 publications receiving 2195 citations. Previous affiliations of Mario Speranza include Université Paris-Saclay & Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines University.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results of this study indicate that difficulty in identifying feelings can act as a negative prognostic factor of the long-term outcome of patients with eating disorders.

191 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors compared alexithymia and depression ratings for non-hospitalized women meeting DSM-IV criteria for anorexia nervosa (n=32) and bulimia nervosa, compared to ratings for healthy women.
Abstract: We compared alexithymia and depression ratings for non-hospitalized women meeting DSM-IV criteria for anorexia nervosa (n=32) and bulimia nervosa (n=32) to ratings for healthy women (n=74). Alexithymia was evaluated by the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) and depression by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD). TAS and HAD scores were significantly higher in anorexic compared to bulimic patients, although these two scales were significantly and positively correlated (r=0.53, P=0.001). After taking depression into account as a confounding variable, rates of alexithymia did not vary according to the type of eating disorder (anorexia or bulimia).

140 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The hypothesis is developed that an integrated approach focusing on biological, motor, emotional, and interpersonal rhythms may open interesting therapeutic perspectives for children with autism.
Abstract: There is a growing interest in the role of biological and behavioral rhythms in typical and atypical development. Recent studies in cognitive and developmental psychology have highlighted the importance of rhythmicity and synchrony of motor, emotional, and interpersonal rhythms in early development of social communication. The synchronization of rhythms allows tuning and adaptation to the external environment. The role of melatonin in the ontogenetic establishment of circadian rhythms and the synchronization of the circadian clocks network suggests that this hormone might be also involved in the synchrony of motor, emotional, and interpersonal rhythms. Autism provides a challenging model of physiological and behavioral rhythm disturbances and their possible effects on the development of social communication impairments and repetitive behaviors and interests. This article situates autism as a disorder of biological and behavioral rhythms and reviews the recent literature on the role of rhythmicity and synchrony of rhythms in child development. Finally, the hypothesis is developed that an integrated approach focusing on biological, motor, emotional, and interpersonal rhythms may open interesting therapeutic perspectives for children with autism. More specifically, promising avenues are discussed for potential therapeutic benefits in autism spectrum disorder of melatonin combined with developmental behavioral interventions that emphasize synchrony, such as the Early Start Denver Model.

139 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: People with restricting anorexia and bulimia show specific clinical profiles associating alexithymic features and depressive dimensions, according to the TAS Difficulty Identifying Feelings factor.
Abstract: An association has been reported between high levels of alexithymia and depression in patients with eating disorders. This study has examined alexithymic features and depressive experiences in patients with DSM-IV eating disorder (restricting anorexia, n=105; purging anorexia, n=49; bulimia, n=98) and matched controls (n=279). The subjects were assessed with the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20); the Beck Depression Inventory; and the Depressive Experiences Questionnaire, which defines two types of depressive personality style (dependent and self-critical). The patients had high levels of alexithymic features and depressive symptoms. Comparisons of alexithymic features between patients and controls after adjustment for depression showed a significant difference between bulimic patients and controls for the TAS Difficulty Identifying Feelings factor, and between restricting anorexic patients and controls for the TAS Difficulty Describing Feelings factor. With regard to depressive personality styles, only scores on the self-critical dimension were significantly higher in bulimic patients than in restricting anorexic patients and controls. In the entire group of eating disorders, dependency was associated with the TAS Difficulty Identifying Feelings factor only in anorexic patients. Self-criticism, on the other hand, was associated with the TAS Difficulty Identifying Feelings factor in all subtypes of eating disorders, although the relationship was significantly stronger in restricting anorexic than in bulimic patients. The results of this study suggest that people with restricting anorexia and bulimia show specific clinical profiles associating alexithymic features and depressive dimensions.

122 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The lockdown situation seems to have raised parents' awareness of the role of inattention and ADHD symptoms in their children's learning difficulties, and optimal lockdown life conditions seemed to compensate for the impact of ADHD symptoms.
Abstract: Resume Objectifs Le confinement general de la population francaise dans le contexte de la pandemie de COVID-19, liee au nouveau Coronavirus SARS-COV-2, est une situation potentiellement a risque pour les enfants avec un developpement atypique. L’objectif de notre etude est de mieux comprendre l’etat de sante mentale des enfants et adolescents avec le trouble deficit d’attention hyperactivite (TDAH) en periode de confinement. Methodes Cinq cent trente-huit patients ont repondu a un sondage anonyme en ligne, propose via les reseaux sociaux et relaye ou poste sur le site des associations de personnes concernees par le TDAH durant la periode de confinement. Resultats Une majorite des enfants et adolescents de notre enquete a connu soit un mieux-etre soit un etat general psychologique stable d’apres leurs parents. Une diminution de l’anxiete est mise en lien avec l’interruption de la scolarite presentielle et un rythme « sur-mesure ». Pour certains, l’abandon des amenagements et le volume de tâches ont pose probleme avec des attitudes d’opposition et d’evitement. Les parents decrivent egalement une prise de conscience des difficultes de leurs enfants, ce qui ressort comme un element constructif. Les enfants dont l’etat se degrade ont a la fois des difficultes comportementales et emotionnelles. En ce qui concerne le recours aux soins, la teleconsultation comme outil de continuite de soins a ete largement appreciee. Conclusions Avant les contraintes liees a la crise sanitaire, les aspects scolaires sont cites comme principaux facteurs influencant l’etat emotionnel de l’enfant et de l’adolescent avec TDAH dans le contexte de confinement.

111 citations


Cited by
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Journal ArticleDOI
Ditte Demontis1, Ditte Demontis2, Raymond K. Walters3, Raymond K. Walters4, Joanna Martin5, Joanna Martin4, Joanna Martin6, Manuel Mattheisen, Thomas Damm Als1, Thomas Damm Als2, Esben Agerbo1, Esben Agerbo2, Gisli Baldursson, Rich Belliveau4, Jonas Bybjerg-Grauholm7, Jonas Bybjerg-Grauholm2, Marie Bækvad-Hansen7, Marie Bækvad-Hansen2, Felecia Cerrato4, Kimberly Chambert4, Claire Churchhouse4, Claire Churchhouse3, Ashley Dumont4, Nicholas Eriksson, Michael J. Gandal, Jacqueline I. Goldstein3, Jacqueline I. Goldstein4, Katrina L. Grasby8, Jakob Grove, Olafur O Gudmundsson9, Olafur O Gudmundsson10, Christine Søholm Hansen2, Christine Søholm Hansen11, Christine Søholm Hansen7, Mads E. Hauberg2, Mads E. Hauberg1, Mads V. Hollegaard7, Mads V. Hollegaard2, Daniel P. Howrigan4, Daniel P. Howrigan3, Hailiang Huang3, Hailiang Huang4, Julian Maller4, Alicia R. Martin4, Alicia R. Martin3, Nicholas G. Martin8, Jennifer L. Moran4, Jonatan Pallesen1, Jonatan Pallesen2, Duncan S. Palmer3, Duncan S. Palmer4, Carsten Bøcker Pedersen1, Carsten Bøcker Pedersen2, Marianne Giørtz Pedersen1, Marianne Giørtz Pedersen2, Timothy Poterba3, Timothy Poterba4, Jesper Buchhave Poulsen2, Jesper Buchhave Poulsen7, Stephan Ripke3, Stephan Ripke4, Stephan Ripke12, Elise B. Robinson3, F. Kyle Satterstrom4, F. Kyle Satterstrom3, Hreinn Stefansson10, Christine Stevens4, Patrick Turley3, Patrick Turley4, G. Bragi Walters9, G. Bragi Walters10, Hyejung Won13, Hyejung Won14, Margaret J. Wright15, Ole A. Andreassen16, Philip Asherson17, Christie L. Burton18, Dorret I. Boomsma19, Bru Cormand, Søren Dalsgaard1, Barbara Franke20, Joel Gelernter21, Joel Gelernter22, Daniel H. Geschwind14, Daniel H. Geschwind13, Hakon Hakonarson23, Jan Haavik24, Jan Haavik25, Henry R. Kranzler21, Henry R. Kranzler26, Jonna Kuntsi17, Kate Langley5, Klaus-Peter Lesch27, Klaus-Peter Lesch28, Klaus-Peter Lesch29, Christel M. Middeldorp15, Christel M. Middeldorp19, Andreas Reif30, Luis Augusto Rohde31, Panos Roussos, Russell Schachar18, Pamela Sklar32, Edmund J.S. Sonuga-Barke17, Patrick F. Sullivan33, Patrick F. Sullivan6, Anita Thapar5, Joyce Y. Tung, Irwin D. Waldman34, Sarah E. Medland8, Kari Stefansson10, Kari Stefansson9, Merete Nordentoft35, Merete Nordentoft2, David M. Hougaard2, David M. Hougaard7, Thomas Werge35, Thomas Werge2, Thomas Werge11, Ole Mors36, Ole Mors2, Preben Bo Mortensen, Mark J. Daly, Stephen V. Faraone37, Anders D. Børglum2, Anders D. Børglum1, Benjamin M. Neale3, Benjamin M. Neale4 
TL;DR: A genome-wide association meta-analysis of 20,183 individuals diagnosed with ADHD and 35,191 controls identifies variants surpassing genome- wide significance in 12 independent loci and implicates neurodevelopmental pathways and conserved regions of the genome as being involved in underlying ADHD biology.
Abstract: Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a highly heritable childhood behavioral disorder affecting 5% of children and 2.5% of adults. Common genetic variants contribute substantially to ADHD susceptibility, but no variants have been robustly associated with ADHD. We report a genome-wide association meta-analysis of 20,183 individuals diagnosed with ADHD and 35,191 controls that identifies variants surpassing genome-wide significance in 12 independent loci, finding important new information about the underlying biology of ADHD. Associations are enriched in evolutionarily constrained genomic regions and loss-of-function intolerant genes and around brain-expressed regulatory marks. Analyses of three replication studies: a cohort of individuals diagnosed with ADHD, a self-reported ADHD sample and a meta-analysis of quantitative measures of ADHD symptoms in the population, support these findings while highlighting study-specific differences on genetic overlap with educational attainment. Strong concordance with GWAS of quantitative population measures of ADHD symptoms supports that clinical diagnosis of ADHD is an extreme expression of continuous heritable traits.

1,436 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The gender difference in depression represents a health disparity, especially in adolescence, yet the magnitude of the difference indicates that depression in men should not be overlooked, yet cross-national analyses indicated that larger gender differences were found in nations with greater gender equity, for major depression, but not depression symptoms.
Abstract: In 2 meta-analyses on gender differences in depression in nationally representative samples, we advance previous work by including studies of depression diagnoses and symptoms to (a) estimate the magnitude of the gender difference in depression across a wide array of nations and ages; (b) use a developmental perspective to elucidate patterns of gender differences across the life span; and (c) incorporate additional theory-driven moderators (e.g., gender equity). For major depression diagnoses and depression symptoms, respectively, we meta-analyzed data from 65 and 95 articles and their corresponding national data sets, representing data from 1,716,195 and 1,922,064 people in over 90 different nations. Overall, odds ratio (OR) = 1.95, 95% confidence interval (CI) [1.88, 2.03], and d = 0.27 [0.26, 0.29]. Age was the strongest predictor of effect size. The gender difference for diagnoses emerged earlier than previously thought, with OR = 2.37 at age 12. For both meta-analyses, the gender difference peaked in adolescence (OR = 3.02 for ages 13-15, and d = 0.47 for age 16) but then declined and remained stable in adulthood. Cross-national analyses indicated that larger gender differences were found in nations with greater gender equity, for major depression, but not depression symptoms. The gender difference in depression represents a health disparity, especially in adolescence, yet the magnitude of the difference indicates that depression in men should not be overlooked. (PsycINFO Database Record

1,173 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Investigation of the prevalence and predictors of posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) in China hardest-hit areas during COVID-19 outbreak found that women reported significant higher PTSS in the domains of re-experiencing, negative alterations in cognition or mood, and hyper-arousal.
Abstract: The outbreak of COVID-19 in China in December 2019 has been identified as a pandemic and a health emergency of global concern. Our objective was to investigate the prevalence and predictors of posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) in China hardest-hit areas during COVID-19 outbreak, especially exploring the gender difference existing in PTSS. One month after the December 2019 COVID-19 outbreak in Wuhan China, we surveyed PTSS and sleep qualities among 285 residents in Wuhan and surrounding cities using the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) and 4 items from the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Hierarchical regression analysis and non-parametric test were used to analyze the data. Results indicated that the prevalence of PTSS in China hardest-hit areas a month after the COVID-19 outbreak was 7%. Women reported significant higher PTSS in the domains of re-experiencing, negative alterations in cognition or mood, and hyper-arousal. Participants with better sleep quality or less frequency of early awakenings reported lower PTSS. Professional and effective mental health services should be designed in order to aid the psychological wellbeing of the population in affected areas, especially those living in hardest-hit areas, females and people with poor sleep quality.

1,057 citations

Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 2001
TL;DR: For example, this paper found that sadomasochistic subjects (n =48) developed insecure internal models of personal attachment, as a result of childhoods which were all problematic in one way or another.
Abstract: Without exception, sadomasochistic subjects (n =48), unlike controls (n =35), are found to have developed insecure internal models of personal attachment, as a result of childhoods which were all problematic in one way or another. Their capacity for metacognition and their coherence of mind are found to be, on average, less than that of controls.

811 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A simple framework for examining emotion and emotion regulation in psychopathology is presented and important challenges and opportunities in assessing and treating disorders that involve problematic patterns of emotion and emotions are highlighted.
Abstract: Many psychiatric disorders are widely thought to involve problematic patterns of emotional reactivity and emotion regulation. Unfortunately, it has proven far easier to assert the centrality of "emotion dysregulation" than to rigorously document the ways in which individuals with various forms of psychopathology differ from healthy individuals in their patterns of emotional reactivity and emotion regulation. In the first section of this article, we define emotion and emotion regulation. In the second and third sections, we present a simple framework for examining emotion and emotion regulation in psychopathology. In the fourth section, we conclude by highlighting important challenges and opportunities in assessing and treating disorders that involve problematic patterns of emotion and emotion regulation.

607 citations