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Showing papers by "Marko Hännikäinen published in 2008"


Book
29 Jan 2008
TL;DR: The authors draw on their experience in the development and field-testing of autonomous wireless sensor networks to offer a comprehensive reference on fundamentals, practical matters, limitations and solutions of this fast moving research area.
Abstract: Finally a book on Wireless Sensor Networks that covers real world applications and contains practical advice! Kuorilehto et al. have written the first practical guide to wireless sensor networks. The authors draw on their experience in the development and field-testing of autonomous wireless sensor networks (WSNs) to offer a comprehensive reference on fundamentals, practical matters, limitations and solutions of this fast moving research area. Ultra Low Energy Wireless Sensor Networks in Practice: Explains the essential problems and issues in real wireless sensor networks, and analyzes the most promising solutions. Provides a comprehensive guide to applications, functionality, protocols, and algorithms for WSNs. Offers practical experiences from new applications and their field-testing, including several deployed networks. Includes simulations and physical measurements for energy consumption, bit rate, latency, memory, and lifetime. Covers embedded resource-limited operating systems, middleware and application software. Ultra Low Energy Wireless Sensor Networks in Practice will prove essential reading for Research Scientists, advanced students in Networking, Electrical Engineering and Computer Science as well as Product Managers and Design Engineers.

97 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A performance model developed for the deployment design of IEEE 802.11s Wireless Mesh Networks contains seven metrics to analyze the state of WMN, and novel mechanisms to use multiple evaluation criteria in WMN performance optimization.

42 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: An RF-based indoor localization design targeted for wireless sensor networks (WSNs) that enables localization with very scarce energy and processing resources, and the utilization of simple and low-cost radio transceiver HardWare without received signal strength indicator (RSSI) support is presented.
Abstract: An RF-based indoor localization design targeted for wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is presented. The energy-efficiency of mobile location nodes is maximized by a localization medium access control (LocMAC) protocol. For location estimation, a location resolver algorithm is introduced. It enables localization with very scarce energy and processing resources, and the utilization of simple and low-cost radio transceiver HardWare (HW) without received signal strength indicator (RSSI) support. For achieving high energy-efficiency and minimizing resource usage, LocMAC is tightly cross-layer designed with the location resolver algorithm. The presented solution is fully calibration-free and can cope with coarse grained and unreliable ranging measurements. We analyze LocMAC power consumption and show that it outperforms current state-of-the-art WSN medium access control (MAC) protocols in location node energy-efficiency. The feasibility of the proposed localization scheme is validated by experimental measurements using real resource constrained WSN node prototypes. The prototype network reaches accuracies ranging from 1 m to 7 m.With one anchor node per a typical office room, the current room of the localized node is determined with 89.7% precision.

27 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Aug 2008
TL;DR: A new framework called WIreless SEnsor NEtwork Simulator (WISENES) for the design, simulation, and evaluation of WSNs, which hastens the evaluation of new protocol and application configurations, especially for the large scale and long-term WSN deployments.
Abstract: The diversity of applications and typically scarce node resources set very tight constraints to Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN). It is not possible to fulfill all requirements with a general purpose WSN, for which reason the rapid development of application specific WSNs is preferred. We present a new framework called WIreless SEnsor NEtwork Simulator (WISENES) for the design, simulation, and evaluation of WSNs. The target WSN is designed in Specification and Description Language (SDL), simulated in WISENES, and implemented on target platform either through automatic code generation or manually. The high-level WSN model is back-annotated with the measured values from a real platform. In this way, very accurate WSN simulations can be performed with a rapid design cycle. WISENES itself has been verified with TUTWSN (Tampere University of Technology Wireless Sensor Network) and ZigBee protocols. The MAC protocol of ZigBee was designed in two weeks from scratch by one designer, which shows the effectiveness of WISENES. For accuracy comparison, the results show 6.7% difference between the modeled and measured TUTWSN prototype power consumption. WISENES hastens the evaluation of new protocol and application configurations, especially for the large scale and long-term WSN deployments.

23 citations


Book ChapterDOI
21 Jul 2008
TL;DR: A diagnostics software architecture for WSNs consisting of self-diagnostics on embedded sensor nodes and management tools for network analysis, which defines a minimum set of diagnostics information that needs to be collected for analyzing the network errors and performance.
Abstract: Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) consist of embedded and distributed sensor nodes that operate on harsh operating conditions and with limited energy resources. To ensure the desired level of service, it is essential to detect and correct occurring network and node problems. In this paper, we propose a diagnostics software architecture for WSNs consisting of self-diagnostics on embedded sensor nodes and management tools for network analysis. We define a minimum set of diagnostics information that needs to be collected for analyzing the network errors and performance. To minimize communication overhead, collected information is categorized and only needed categories are requested from nodes. The diagnostics architecture is verified with a practical WSN implementation.

7 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A network channel beaconing (NCB) algorithm for improving ZigBee performance in dynamic cluster-tree networks and reduces the energy consumption of passive scans by dedicating one frequency channel for network beacon transmissions and by energy optimizing their transmission rate.
Abstract: ZigBee is one of the most potential standardized technologies for wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Yet, sufficient energy-efficiency for the lowest power WSNs is achieved only in rather static networks. This severely limits the applicability of ZigBee in outdoor and mobile applications, where operation environment is harsh and link failures are common. This paper proposes a network channel beaconing (NCB) algorithm for improving ZigBee performance in dynamic cluster-tree networks. NCB reduces the energy consumption of passive scans by dedicating one frequency channel for network beacon transmissions and by energy optimizing their transmission rate. According to an energy analysis, the power consumption of network maintenance operations reduces by 70%-76% in dynamic networks. In static networks, energy overhead is negligible. Moreover, the service time for data routing increases up to 37%. The performance of NCB is validated by ns-2 simulations. NCB can be implemented as an extension on MAC and NWK layers and it is fully compatible with ZigBee.

6 citations


Proceedings ArticleDOI
08 Dec 2008
TL;DR: This paper presents execution monitor, a versatile monitoring tool implemented in Java, for multi-processor systems-on-chip (MPSoCs), which allows monitoring both the application and the underlying platform in real-time, and also viewing the previously recorded execution trace.
Abstract: In system-level design, design space exploration (DSE) produces large amounts of data when exploring myriad of alternatives for application mapping and the underlying platform. Visualization of the essential execution data makes the right design decisions essentially easier. This paper presents execution monitor, a versatile monitoring tool implemented in Java, for multi-processor systems-on-chip (MPSoCs). It allows monitoring both the application and the underlying platform in real-time, and also viewing the previously recorded execution trace. Execution monitor can be used both during the simulation and prototyping. Moreover, the designer can rapidly evaluate in run-time the performance of multiple application mappings via intuitive drag-and-drop mechanism. The case study shows that the visualization of the monitored execution data significantly eases optimizing the performance of the video codec after addition of new application functionality.

4 citations


Proceedings ArticleDOI
08 Dec 2008
TL;DR: This paper evaluates heterogeneous multiprocessor architectures by optimizing both energy and performance for applications, and indicates that the Simulated Annealing method can be used for energy optimization with heterogeneous architectures, in addition to performance optimization with homogeneous architectures.
Abstract: Design space exploration aims to find an energy-efficient architecture with high performance. A trade-off is needed between these goals, and the optimization effort should also be minimized. In this paper, we evaluate heterogeneous multiprocessor architectures by optimizing both energy and performance for applications. Ten random task graphs are optimized for each architecture, and evaluated with simulations. The energy versus performance trade-off is analyzed by looking at Pareto optimal solutions. It is assumed that there is a variety of processing elements whose number, frequency and microarchitecture can be modified for exploration purposes. It is found that both energy-efficient and well performing solutions exist, and in general, performance is traded for energy-efficiency. Results indicate that automated exploration tools are needed when the complexity of the mapping problem grows, starting already with our experiment setup: 6 types of PEs to select from, and the system consists of 2 to 5 PEs. Our results indicate that our Simulated Annealing method can be used for energy optimization with heterogeneous architectures, in addition to performance optimization with homogeneous architectures.

3 citations


Book ChapterDOI
21 Jul 2008
TL;DR: This paper presents the design of an application server for WSNs and the implementation of a server prototype referred to as TUTWSN Application Server (TAS), which offers services for permission management, information storing, visualization of sensor data, and messaging required for receiving sensor data from the W SNs in real-time.
Abstract: Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) can be used in various applications for home and industrial environments The main challenges in these applications come from the requirement of collecting and presenting continuously changing sensor data Powerful abstractions are required in order to support diverse WSN configurations and the varying user requirements for sensor data visualization In this paper, we present the design of an application server for WSNs and the implementation of a server prototype referred to as TUTWSN Application Server (TAS) TAS offers services for permission management, information storing, visualization of sensor data, and messaging required for receiving sensor data from the WSNs in real-time

3 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A multi-level communication cost to improve the accuracy of the abstracted models used in design space exploration and the results show that with the multi- level communication cost the accuracy is increased significantly without sacrificing the simulation speed.

2 citations


Proceedings ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A new method for run-time management of shared processing resources in multiprocessor systems on chip that implements a hardware mutual exclusion so that no inter-processor synchronization is required for accessing the resources.
Abstract: This paper presents a new method for run-time management of shared processing resources in multiprocessor systems on chip. A centralized resource manager unit performs dynamic allocation of shared processing resources according to the system state and given constraints. It implements a hardware mutual exclusion so that no inter-processor synchronization is required for accessing the resources. Moreover, it supports dynamic power management. In addition, a hardware implementation of the resource manager is proposed. In a case study, a resource manager is evaluated in a data-parallel MPEG-4 video encoder on multiprocessor system on chip on FPGA. The RM eases the design of six different architectures featuring two to twelve shared hardware accelerators. Only a few accelerators are required for the best performance as the accesses are efficiently scheduled.