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Input Output Analysis Foundations And Extensions

Input-output analysis is a method of calculating income and employment multipliers which takes account of differences in technology between industries and of the linkages between industries. The data required is the input-output accounts for the region often referred to as the transactions matrix. Example: the numbers are billions of $ Purchases Sales interm, demand final demand sector manuf. nonmanuf cons. govt. expt. total inter. manuf, 18 18 40 14 30 120 inputs nonman 20 37 43 7 18 125 hshlds 56 52 16 9 27 160 prim. govt. 6 7 20 22 0 55 inputs impt. 20 11 41 3 5 80 total 120 125 160 55 80 Here just two industrial sectors are used. Their output and the income and employment generated in each sector is determined by the final demand for the output of each sector. Input-output analysis is a method for estimating how changes in final demand will affect these outputs, incomes and employment.

Input-output analysisについて

We introduce a scheme for molecular simulations, the deep potential molecular dynamics (DPMD) method, based on a many-body potential and interatomic forces generated by a carefully crafted deep neural network trained with ab initio data. The neural network model preserves all the natural symmetries in the problem. It is first-principles based in the sense that there are no ad hoc components aside from the network model. We show that the proposed scheme provides an efficient and accurate protocol in a variety of systems, including bulk materials and molecules. In all these cases, DPMD gives results that are essentially indistinguishable from the original data, at a cost that scales linearly with system size.

Deep Potential Molecular Dynamics: a Scalable Model with the Accuracy of Quantum Mechanics

Gæðastjórnunarkerfi : grunnatriði og íðorðasafn = Quality Management Systems : fundamentals and vocabulary.

Cyber-Physical Systems Security: Limitations, Issues and Future Trends

Complex approach to assessing resilience of critical infrastructure elements

Cascading impact assessment in a critical infrastructure system

Quantitative evaluation of the synergistic effects of failures in a critical infrastructure system

A New Approach to Identification of Critical Elements in Railway Infrastructure

Critical Infrastructure Protection began to be actively addressed in Europe in 2005, when the European Union issued a Call for a European Programme for Critical Infrastructure Protection (further only CIP) that first drew attention to the fact that several sectors and their elements were significant for today´s society - and that their failure could have serious impacts on national security, the economy, public administration and the basic vital functions of member states´ populations. Three years later, the EC issued European Council Directive 2008/114/EC, which requires Member States to identify the European Critical Infrastructure Elements (further only CI).Based on the above, the paper deals with risk assessment process in context of CI protection and resilience in the Czech Republic. Paper presents the practical conclusions resulting from the obligations of this Directive´s implementation in connection with the Czech legal environment and CI. Due to the fact that the Czech Republic - as one of the few member states of the European Union that has identified European CI in its territories, discusses practical approaches to the protection and resilience of these elements. These approaches are addressed in relation to Risk and Safety Management from the perspective of the application and implementation of deliverable outputs resulting from Security Research. In this context, selected methodologies that optimise Risk and Safety/Security Management are also presented, which fulfil the requirements for CI´s crisis-preparedness plans as equivalents to an Operator Security Plan. Practical benefit of this paper is seen through the real implementation of public-private-partnership into the risk assessment process and CIP which is discussed in the following text.

Martin Hromada

Papers

Complex approach to assessing resilience of critical infrastructure elements

Cascading impact assessment in a critical infrastructure system

Quantitative evaluation of the synergistic effects of failures in a critical infrastructure system

A New Approach to Identification of Critical Elements in Railway Infrastructure

European Critical Infrastructure Risk and Safety Management