Martin J. Evans

TL;DR: The establishment in tissue culture of pluripotent cell lines which have been isolated directly from in vitro cultures of mouse blastocysts are reported, able to differentiate either in vitro or after innoculation into a mouse as a tumour in vivo.

TL;DR: The results of blastocyst injection studies using three independently isolated XY embryo-derived cell lines, which produce a very high proportion of live-born animals that are overtly chimaeric, are reported.

TL;DR: The use of retroviral vectors to introduce exogenous DNA sequences into a stem- cell line is reported and it is shown that these modified cells contribute extensively to the somatic and germ-cell lineages in chimaeric mice.

TL;DR: In vitro differentiation of yolk sac tissue from homozygous mutant mice and sequentially targeted double-mutant ES cells demonstrates a block to erythroid development, which shows a pivotal role for a LIM domain protein in lineage specification during mammalian development and suggests that RBTN2 and GATA-1 are critical at similar stages of erystroid differentiation.

TL;DR: The results indicate that Eomesodermin defines a conserved molecular pathway controlling the morphogenetic movements of germ layer formation and has acquired a new function in mammals in the differentiation of trophoblast.