Masaaki Kobayashi

Bio: Masaaki Kobayashi is an academic researcher from KEK. The author has contributed to research in topics: Scintillator & Branching fraction. The author has an hindex of 32, co-authored 126 publications receiving 3435 citations. Previous affiliations of Masaaki Kobayashi include Hitachi & TRIUMF.

Study of the decay K+→π+νν̄ in the momentum region 140<Pπ<199MeV/c

Abstract: Experiment E949 at Brookhaven National Laboratory has observed three new events consistent with the decay ${K}^{+}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}\ensuremath{ u}\overline{\ensuremath{ u}}$ in the pion momentum region $140l{P}_{\ensuremath{\pi}}l199\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{MeV}/c$ in an exposure of $1.71\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{12}$ stopped kaons with an estimated total background of $0.93\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.17(\mathrm{stat}{)}_{\ensuremath{-}0.24}^{+0.32}(\mathrm{syst})$ events. This brings the total number of observed ${K}^{+}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}\ensuremath{ u}\overline{\ensuremath{ u}}$ events to seven. Combining this observation with previous results, assuming the pion spectrum predicted by the standard model, results in a branching ratio of $\mathcal{B}({K}^{+}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}\ensuremath{ u}\overline{\ensuremath{ u}})=({1.73}_{\ensuremath{-}1.05}^{+1.15})\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}10}$. An interpretation of the results for alternative models of the decay ${K}^{+}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}+nothing$ is also presented.

New measurement of the K+→π+νν̄ branching ratio

Abstract: Three events for the decay K+-->pi+ nunu have been observed in the pion momentum region below the K+-->pi+pi0 peak, 140 pi+ nunu) = (1.73(-1.05)+1.15) x 10(-10) consistent with the standard model prediction.

Scintillation characteristics of PbWO4 single crystals at room temperature

Abstract: Single crystals of PbWO 4 at room temperature show a narrow excitation peak around 325 nm with the FWHM as small as 10 nm and a broad emission peak around 420–440 nm. The light output is about 4.4% of that in BGO. The luminescence is fast with the decay constant less than 10 ns for 84% and as fast as 40 ns for the rest. Degradation in optical transmittance due to γ-ray irradiation is not large up to at least 10 7 rad in the present crystals which are slightly coloured yellow. Spontaneous recovery of the radiation damage occurs to some extent with a time constant much shorter than 18 days. The above result indicates a possibility that this material may be resistive enough against radiation if colourless crystals could be grown.

Phd by thesis

Abstract: Deposits of clastic carbonate-dominated (calciclastic) sedimentary slope systems in the rock record have been identified mostly as linearly-consistent carbonate apron deposits, even though most ancient clastic carbonate slope deposits fit the submarine fan systems better. Calciclastic submarine fans are consequently rarely described and are poorly understood. Subsequently, very little is known especially in mud-dominated calciclastic submarine fan systems. Presented in this study are a sedimentological core and petrographic characterisation of samples from eleven boreholes from the Lower Carboniferous of Bowland Basin (Northwest England) that reveals a >250 m thick calciturbidite complex deposited in a calciclastic submarine fan setting. Seven facies are recognised from core and thin section characterisation and are grouped into three carbonate turbidite sequences. They include: 1) Calciturbidites, comprising mostly of highto low-density, wavy-laminated bioclast-rich facies; 2) low-density densite mudstones which are characterised by planar laminated and unlaminated muddominated facies; and 3) Calcidebrites which are muddy or hyper-concentrated debrisflow deposits occurring as poorly-sorted, chaotic, mud-supported floatstones. These

The CMS experiment at the CERN LHC

Abstract: The Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) detector is described. The detector operates at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. It was conceived to study proton-proton (and lead-lead) collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 14 TeV (5.5 TeV nucleon-nucleon) and at luminosities up to 10(34)cm(-2)s(-1) (10(27)cm(-2)s(-1)). At the core of the CMS detector sits a high-magnetic-field and large-bore superconducting solenoid surrounding an all-silicon pixel and strip tracker, a lead-tungstate scintillating-crystals electromagnetic calorimeter, and a brass-scintillator sampling hadron calorimeter. The iron yoke of the flux-return is instrumented with four stations of muon detectors covering most of the 4 pi solid angle. Forward sampling calorimeters extend the pseudo-rapidity coverage to high values (vertical bar eta vertical bar <= 5) assuring very good hermeticity. The overall dimensions of the CMS detector are a length of 21.6 m, a diameter of 14.6 m and a total weight of 12500 t.

CP Violation and the CKM Matrix : Assessing the Impact of the Asymmetric B Factories

Abstract: We update the profile of the CKM matrix. The apex (rhobar,etabar) of the Unitarity Triangle is given by means of a global fit. We propose to include therein sin2alpha from the CP-violating asymmetries in B0->rho+rho-, using isospin to discriminate the penguin contribution. The constraint from epsilon'/epsilon is briefly discussed. We study the impact from the measurement of the rare decay K+->pi+nunu-bar, and from a future observation of KL->pi0nunubar. The B system is investigated in detail, beginning with 2beta+gamma and gamma from B0->D(*)+-pi-+ and B+->D(*)0K+. A significant part of this paper is dedicated to B decays into pipi, Kpi, rhopi and rhorho. Various phenomenological and theoretical approaches are studied. Within QCD Factorization we find a remarkable agreement of the pipi and Kpi data with the other UT constraints. A fit of QCD FA to all pipi and Kpi data leads to precise predictions of the related observables. We analyze separately the B->Kpi decays, and in particular the impact of electroweak penguins in response to recent phenomenological discussions. We do not observe any unambiguous sign of New Physics, whereas there is some evidence for potentially large rescattering effects. Finally we use a model-independent description of a large class of New Physics effects in both BBbar mixing and B decays, namely in the b->d and b->s gluonic penguin amplitudes, to perform a new numerical analysis. Significant non-standard corrections cannot be excluded yet, however standard solutions are favored in most cases.