THE DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF EXPERIMENTS. By Oscar Kempthorne. New York, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1952. 631 pp. $8.50. This book by a teacher of statistics (as well as a consultant for \"experimenters\") is a comprehensive study of the philosophical background for the statistical design of experiment. It is necessary to have some facility with algebraic notation and manipulation to be able to use the volume intelligently. The problems are presented from the theoretical point of view, without such practical examples as would be helpful for those not acquainted with mathematics. The mathematical justification for the techniques is given. As a somewhat advanced treatment of the design and analysis of experiments, this volume will be interesting and helpful for many who approach statistics theoretically as well as practically. With emphasis on the \"why,\" and with description given broadly, the author relates the subject matter to the general theory of statistics and to the general problem of experimental inference. MARGARET J. ROBERTSON

The Design and Analysis of Experiments

Biodegradation aspects of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs): A review

The uncontrolled discharge of large amounts of food waste (FW) causes severe environmental pollution in many countries. Within different possible treatment routes, anaerobic digestion (AD) of FW into biogas, is a proven and effective solution for FW treatment and valorization. The present paper reviews the characteristics of FW, the principles of AD, the process parameters, and two approaches (pretreatment and co-digestion) for enhancing AD of food waste. Among the successive digestion reactions, hydrolysis is considered to be the rate-limiting step. To enhance the performance of AD, several physical, thermo-chemical, biological or combined pretreatments are reviewed. Moreover, a promising way for improving the performance of AD is the co-digestion of FW with other organic substrates, as confirmed by numerous studies, where a higher buffer capacity and an optimum nutrient balance enhance the biogas/methane yields of the co-digestion system.

Reviewing the anaerobic digestion of food waste for biogas production

Membrane fouling in membrane bioreactors (MBR) normally depends on the microbial cell density and microbial population structure. A nitrifying-enriched activated sludge (NAS) was obtained in this study through particular ammonium feeding of conventional activated sludge (CAS). Next, the dominance of autotrophic nitrifier population in NAS system was checked and compared with CAS system by its high nitrification efficiency (100% vs. 43%) and low COD removal (9% vs. 65%). Furthermore, the maximum amount of N-NO3− produced from similar concentrations of ammonium in CAS and NAS systems were 6.6 mg/L and 37.5 mg/L, respectively. A filterability test also was done in the cross-flow and simple dead-end filtration systems proportionally employing different amount of NAS and CAS with a constant MLSS concentration of 2000 mg/L. NAS was twice as filterable compared to CAS. Soluble microbial products (SMP) and extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) in CAS were significantly higher than NAS system (2 and 6 mg/L for NAS vs.100 and 36 mg/L for CAS). By increasing the proportion of nitrifying bacteria, the permeation was enhanced remarkably about 2.5 folds and the operation time of MBR was approximately doubled (6–11.5 h). The results indicated that an appropriate C/N ratio can control the microbial population and help the nitrifier significantly mitigate fouling in MBR.

Effect of nitrifiers community on fouling mitigation and nitrification efficiency in a membrane bioreactor

The inhibition of the Anammox process: A review

https://ir.nctu.edu.tw:443/bitstream/11536/5572/1/000275766700009.pdf

Co-composting of green waste and food waste at low C/N ratio

https://ir.nctu.edu.tw:443/bitstream/11536/5264/1/000278056300001.pdf

Co-existence of anammox and denitrification for simultaneous nitrogen and carbon removal—Strategies and issues

https://ir.nctu.edu.tw:443/bitstream/11536/5719/1/000274490400077.pdf

Mathava Kumar

Papers

Co-composting of green waste and food waste at low C/N ratio

Co-existence of anammox and denitrification for simultaneous nitrogen and carbon removal—Strategies and issues

Simultaneous partial nitrification, anaerobic ammonium oxidation and denitrification (SNAD) in a full-scale landfill-leachate treatment plant.

Adsorption and desorption characteristics of hydrophobic pesticide endosulfan in four Indian soils.

Microbial fuel cell-based biosensor for online monitoring wastewater quality: A critical review