Author
Matthew X. Hu
Bio: Matthew X. Hu is an academic researcher from Nanyang Technological University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Reverse osmosis & Desalination. The author has an hindex of 2, co-authored 2 publications receiving 441 citations.
Topics: Reverse osmosis, Desalination, Membrane, Membrane technology
Papers
More filters
••
TL;DR: It is likely that limitations in fluid mechanics and mass transfer will define the upper bounds of membrane performance, with RO remaining as the key to desalination and reclamation, with other membrane processes growing in support and in niche areas.
Abstract: Membrane technology offers the best options to "drought proof" mankind on an increasingly thirsty planet by purifying seawater or used (waste) water. Although desalination by reverse osmosis (RO) and wastewater treatment by membrane bioreactors are well established the various membrane technologies still need to be significantly improved in terms of separation properties, energy demand and costs. We can now define the ideal characteristics of membranes and advances in material science and novel chemistries are leading to increasingly effective membranes. However developments in membranes must be matched by improved device design and membrane engineering. It is likely that limitations in fluid mechanics and mass transfer will define the upper bounds of membrane performance. Nevertheless major advances and growth over the next 20 years can be anticipated with RO remaining as the key to desalination and reclamation, with other membrane processes growing in support and in niche areas.
530 citations
••
TL;DR: In der Membraneigenschaft, eine Obergrenze in der Fluidmechanik und beim Stoffubergang is festlegen werden.
Abstract: Membrantechnologien fur die Aufbereitung von Meer- oder Abwasser bieten beste Moglichkeiten, den steigenden Wasserbedarf der Menschheit zu decken. Obwohl die Entsalzung mittels Umkehrosmose (RO, reverse osmosis) und die Abwasserreinigung in Membranbioreaktoren fest etablierte Verfahren sind, gibt es bei verschiedenen Membrantechnologien reichlich Spielraum fur Verbesserungen, vor allem hinsichtlich Trenneigenschaften, Energiebedarf und Kosten. Wir sind jetzt in der Lage, ideale Membraneigenschaften anzugeben, und Fortschritte in der Materialwissenschaft und Chemie fuhren zu immer wirksameren Membranen. Wichtig ist, dass Entwicklungen im Bereich der Membranmaterialien auch von apparativen Verbesserungen der Membrantechnik begleitet werden. Es ist wahrscheinlich, dass Limitierungen in der Fluidmechanik und beim Stoffubergang eine Obergrenze der Membranleistung festlegen werden. Dennoch kann in den nachsten 20 Jahren mit grosen Fortschritten gerechnet werden. Dabei durfte die Umkehrosmose die zentrale Technologie fur die Wasserentsalzung und -aufbereitung bleiben.
17 citations
Cited by
More filters
••
TL;DR: The long-range vertically aligned graphene sheets membrane (VA-GSM) was prepared as the highly efficient solar thermal converter for generation of clean water by the antifreeze-assisted freezing technique, which possessed the run-through channels facilitating the water transport, high light absorption capacity for excellent photothermal transduction, and the extraordinary stability in rigorous conditions.
Abstract: Efficient utilization of solar energy for clean water is an attractive, renewable, and environment friendly way to solve the long-standing water crisis. For this task, we prepared the long-range vertically aligned graphene sheets membrane (VA-GSM) as the highly efficient solar thermal converter for generation of clean water. The VA-GSM was prepared by the antifreeze-assisted freezing technique we developed, which possessed the run-through channels facilitating the water transport, high light absorption capacity for excellent photothermal transduction, and the extraordinary stability in rigorous conditions. As a result, VA-GSM has achieved average water evaporation rates of 1.62 and 6.25 kg m–2 h–1 under 1 and 4 sun illumination with a superb solar thermal conversion efficiency of up to 86.5% and 94.2%, respectively, better than that of most carbon materials reported previously, which can efficiently produce the clean water from seawater, common wastewater, and even concentrated acid and/or alkali solutions.
790 citations
••
TL;DR: In this paper, the state-of-the-art progress on fabrication and modification of electrospun polymeric membranes with a particular emphasis on their advances, challenges and future improvement in water treatment applications is summarized.
534 citations
••
TL;DR: Spinel ferrite (SF) magnetic materials are an important class of composite metal oxides containing ferric ions and having the general structural formula M 2+ Fe 2 3+ O 4.
523 citations
••
TL;DR: In this article, the state-of-the-art in present seawater desalination practice, emphasizing membrane-based technologies, was explored, while identifying future opportunities in step improvements to conventional technologies and development of emerging, potentially disruptive, technologies through advances in material science, process engineering, and system integration.
487 citations
••
TL;DR: The influence of structural elements of the chitosan-based flocculants on their flocculation properties are emphasized in this review by examining different flocculations mechanisms and their applications in the treatment of various wastewaters containing different pollutants.
486 citations