Matthias Mentink

Bio: Matthias Mentink is an academic researcher from CERN. The author has contributed to research in topics: Magnet & Superconducting magnet. The author has an hindex of 4, co-authored 25 publications receiving 98 citations.

STEAM: A Hierarchical Cosimulation Framework for Superconducting Accelerator Magnet Circuits

Abstract: Simulating the transient effects occurring in superconducting accelerator magnet circuits requires including the mutual electro-thermo-dynamic interaction among the circuit elements, such as power converters, magnets, and protection systems. Nevertheless, the numerical analysis is traditionally done separately for each element in the circuit, leading to possible inconsistent results. We present STEAM, a hierarchical cosimulation framework featuring the waveform relaxation method. The framework simulates a complex system as a composition of simpler, independent models that exchange information. The convergence of the coupling algorithm ensures the consistency of the solution. The modularity of the framework allows integrating models developed with both proprietary and in-house tools. The framework implements a user-customizable hierarchical algorithm to schedule how models participate to the cosimulation, for the purpose of using computational resources efficiently. As a case study, a quench scenario is cosimulated for the inner triplet circuit for the high luminosity upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider at CERN.

Hi-Lumi LHC Twin Aperture Orbit Correctors 0.5-m Model Magnet Development and Cold Test

Abstract: The large hadron collider (LHC) upgrade, called high-luminosity LHC is planned for the next decade. A wide range of magnets and new technologies are currently under development. One of these systems will be a set of twin aperture beam orbit correctors positioned on the approaches to the ATLAS and CMS experiments. This twin aperture magnet system comprising 16 magnets, approximately 2 m long, with large 105-mm clear aperture coils. Each aperture will independently deliver 5-T⋅m integral field, between apertures the field vectors are rotated by 90° from each other, and individually powered. This paper presents the sequence of component developments to produce a cost-effective canted cosine theta model magnet. We describe the challenges encountered during the manufacture of the coil formers with their helical canted coil winding process which places a number of insulated wires into the 2-mm-wide 5-mm-deep slot. We describe the: pressurized impregnation process, multiple jointing to connect inner and outer sets of wires within the confines of the coil assembly, and magnet assembly into support structure and yoke. Finally, we present the quench performance and initial test results of this novel coil configuration.

Evolution of the Conceptual FCC-hh Baseline Detector Magnet Design

Abstract: As a part of the future circular collider conceptual design study for hadron-hadron physics (FCC-hh), conceptual designs of detector magnets are being developed to facilitate the measurement of particle products resulting from the 100-TeV collisions. This paper discusses the design evolution leading from a 65-GJ twin solenoid with forward dipoles design to the present baseline design that features three superconducting solenoids. The central magnet produces 4 T over a free bore of 10 m and a length of 20 m. The forward solenoids provide additional bending power to facilitate tracking of high-pseudo-rapidity particles. The combined stored energy of this system is 13.8 GJ. This design is discussed in terms of powering and quench protection, conductor composition, mechanical properties of the cold masses and vacuum vessels, stray fields, and heat loads. In addition, alternative designs are discussed, including an ultrathin superconducting solenoid concept with comparatively low stored magnet energy. Like the ATLAS central solenoid, this solenoid provides a magnetic field to the tracker, and particles have to tunnel through the solenoid before reaching the calorimeters. An iron yoke returns the flux, thus providing bending power for muon tagging and giving complete magnetic shielding.

Test of Short Model and Prototype of the HL-LHC D2 Orbit Corrector Based on CCT Technology

Abstract: In the frame of the high-luminosity upgrade project for the large hadron collider, new twin aperture beam orbit corrector magnets will be installed near the recombination dipole (D2). These magnets are 2.2 m long canted cosine theta NbTi dipoles, with two independently powered apertures oriented such that their field vectors are perpendicular to each other and to the direction of the beams. A 0.5 m model magnet in single and double aperture configuration and a full-length double aperture prototype were built and tested at CERN. In this paper, the performance of these magnets at 1.9 K in terms of training behavior, quench detection and protection, and other tests is discussed. In addition, the thermal response of the magnet to a hypothetical beam discharge is simulated and analyzed.

VIPER: an industrially scalable high-current high-temperature superconductor cable

Abstract: High-temperature superconductors (HTS) promise to revolutionize high-power applications like wind generators, DC power cables, particle accelerators, and fusion energy devices. A practical HTS cable must not degrade under severe mechanical, electrical, and thermal conditions; have simple, low-resistance, and manufacturable electrical joints; high thermal stability; and rapid detection of thermal runaway quench events. We have designed and experimentally qualified a vacuum pressure impregnated, insulated, partially transposed, extruded, and roll-formed (VIPER) cable that simultaneously satisfies all of these requirements for the first time. VIPER cable critical currents are stable over thousands of mechanical cycles at extreme electromechanical force levels, multiple cryogenic thermal cycles, and dozens of quench-like transient events. Electrical joints between VIPER cables are simple, robust, and demountable. Two independent, integrated fiber-optic quench detectors outperform standard quench detection approaches. VIPER cable represents a key milestone in next-step energy generation and transmission technologies and in the maturity of HTS as a technology.

Coupling of Magnetothermal and Mechanical Superconducting Magnet Models by Means of Mesh-Based Interpolation

Abstract: In this paper, we present an algorithm for the coupling of magnetothermal and mechanical finite element models representing superconducting accelerator magnets. The mechanical models are used during the design of the mechanical structure as well as the optimization of the magnetic field quality under nominal conditions. The magnetothermal models allow for the analysis of transient phenomena occurring during quench initiation, propagation, and protection. Mechanical analysis of quenching magnets is of high importance considering the design of new protection systems and the study of new superconductor types. We use field/circuit coupling to determine temperature and electromagnetic force evolution during the magnet discharge. These quantities are provided as a load to existing mechanical models. The models are discretized with different meshes and, therefore, we employ a mesh-based interpolation method to exchange coupled quantities. The coupling algorithm is illustrated with a simulation of a mechanical response of a standalone high-field dipole magnet protected with Coupling-Loss Induced Quench Technology.

The High Luminosity LHC interaction region magnets towards series production

Abstract: The High Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) is the new flagship project of CERN. First endorsed in 2013 and approved in 2016, HL-LHC is an upgrade of the accelerator aiming to increase by a factor of ten the statistics of the LHC collisions at the horizon of 2035–2040. HL-LHC relies on cutting edge technologies: among them, large aperture superconducting magnets will replace the present hardware to allow a smaller beam size in two interaction points (IPs). The project involves the construction of about 150 magnets of six different types: the quadrupole triplet, two main dipoles and three orbit correctors. The triplet, manufactured at CERN and in the USA, will consist of 30 magnets based on Nb3Sn technology, with an operational peak field of 11.4 T. These will be the first quadrupole Nb3Sn magnets installed in a particle accelerator. The other five types of magnets, all relying on Nb–Ti technology, present non-trivial challenges in the design and construction; they will be manufactured as part of in-kind contribution under the responsibility of institutes in Japan, China, Spain, and Italy. The project is now in the phase of transition between qualification through short models and prototypes and the beginning of the series construction. In this paper we review the magnet requirements, the reasons for selecting the design, the technological challenges with respect to previous projects, and we summarize the steps that have been taken to validate the baseline.

The Spice Book

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Strategic RD Programme on Technologies for Future Experiments

Abstract: Instrumentation is a key ingredient for progress in experimental high energy physics. The Experimental Physics Department of CERN has defined a strategic R&D (Research and Development) programme on technologies for future experiments. Provided the required resources can be made available, it will start in 2020 and initially extend over five years. The selection of topics and the established work plans are the result of a transparent and open process, which lasted 14 months and involved several hundred of physicists and engineers at CERN and in the broader HEP community. This R&D programme is in the tradition of previous similar initiatives, the DRDC projects in the 1990’s and the White Paper R&D programme (2008-2011) that have been instrumental in providing the technologies which are presently in use at the LHC experiments or which will be deployed in the coming LHC upgrades (Phase-I and PhaseII). Examples of the achievements of the White Paper R&D programme are the validation of the CMOS 130 nm technology, the GEM single mask technique, radiation hard optical links, DC-DC converters and the CernVM file system. The results of this new R&D programme will be building blocks, demonstrators and prototypes, which will form the technological basis for possible new experiments and experiment upgrades beyond the LHC Phase-II upgrades scheduled for the long shutdown LS3. These include in particular detectors at CLIC, FCC-hh and FCC-ee but also further upgrades of the LHC experiments. The main challenges come on the hadron collider side from the very high luminosity operation, leading to extreme pile-up, track density, radiation loads and data throughput, but also from the need for unprecedented precision in vertexing and tracking, combined with very low material budgets and highly granular calorimetry on the lepton collider side. The new programme targets the primary challenges of the detectors complemented by equally demanding challenges in the domains of electronics, mechanics, cooling, magnets and software. A large part of the required R&D work will be carried out jointly with external groups from universities and research labs exploiting organically grown networks and relations, but also dynamic and efficient structures like the RD50 and RD51 collaborations. For many developments, close cooperation with industrial partners will be crucial.