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Maurizio Galderisi

Bio: Maurizio Galderisi is an academic researcher from University of Naples Federico II. The author has contributed to research in topics: Diastole & Heart failure. The author has an hindex of 70, co-authored 423 publications receiving 44442 citations. Previous affiliations of Maurizio Galderisi include Vita-Salute San Raffaele University & Istituto Superiore di Sanità.


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TL;DR: The NORRE study provides useful 2DE reference ranges for novel indices of layer-specific strain from a large group of healthy volunteers of both genders over a wide range of ages.
Abstract: Aims - To obtain the normal range for 2D echocardiographic (2DE) measurements of left ventricular (LV) layer-specific strain from a large group of healthy volunteers of both genders over a wide range of ages. Methods and results - A total of 287 (109 men, mean age: 46 ± 14 years) healthy subjects were enrolled at 22 collaborating institutions of the EACVI Normal Reference Ranges for Echocardiography (NORRE) study. Layer-specific strain was analysed from the apical two-, three-, and four-chamber views using 2DE software. The lowest values of layer-specific strain calculated as ±1.96 standard deviations from the mean were -15.0% in men and -15.6% in women for epicardial strain, -16.8% and -17.7% for mid-myocardial strain, and -18.7% and -19.9% for endocardial strain, respectively. Basal-epicardial and mid-myocardial strain decreased with age in women (epicardial; P = 0.008, mid-myocardial; P = 0.003) and correlated with age (epicardial; r = -0.20, P = 0.007, mid-myocardial; r = -0.21, P = 0.006, endocardial; r = -0.23, P = 0.002), whereas apical-epicardial, mid-myocardial strain increased with the age in women (epicardial; P = 0.006, mid-myocardial; P = 0.03) and correlated with age (epicardial; r = 0.16, P = 0.04). End/Epi ratio at the apex was higher than at the middle and basal levels of LV in men (apex; 1.6 ± 0.2, middle; 1.2 ± 0.1, base 1.1 ± 0.1) and women (apex; 1.6 ± 0.1, middle; 1.1 ± 0.1, base 1.2 ± 0.1). Conclusion - The NORRE study provides useful 2DE reference ranges for novel indices of layer-specific strain.

40 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In spite of several adverse effects, pentagastrin remains the best provocative test for the diagnosis of MTC and omeprazole may be useful when pentagASTrin is contraindicated or refused because of the unpleasant side effects, but further validation is needed.
Abstract: Background: Provocative tests for calcitonin (CT) are fundamental in the diagnosis and follow-up of C-cell disease and in the detection of hereditary medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) carriers with unknown RET mutations. A recent report has proposed omeprazole, which can increase endogenous gastrin (GT), as a new provocative test for MTC. Methods: We compared the omeprazole test (20 mg twice a day for 4 days) to the pentagastrin test (0.5 μg/kg of body weight) for the diagnosis and management of MTC. Twenty healthy individuals and 20 MTC patients with mildly or moderately increased basal CT serum concentrations underwent the pentagastrin and omeprazole tests. Results: In MTC patients, the pentagastrin test produced a significantly higher increase in serum CT than did omeprazole. After the pentagastrin injection, several patients reported unpleasant side effects, including substantial tightness in 38 of 40 participants. No adverse effects were observed during the omeprazole test. A significant direct correlation was recorded between CT% (ratio of CT peak to basal value × 100) and GT% (ratio of GT peak to basal value × 100) during the omeprazole test in MTC patients ( r = 0.73; P <0.001). Conclusions: In spite of several adverse effects, pentagastrin remains the best provocative test for the diagnosis of MTC. Omeprazole may be useful when pentagastrin is contraindicated or refused because of the unpleasant side effects, but further validation is needed.

40 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In some hypertensive patients the left ventricle works inefficiently with a high energy wasting, at the same level of LV mass as hypertensivePatients with normal myocardial mechanical efficiency feature a high cardiovascular risk phenotype, with concentric LV geometry, systolic dysfunction, and indirect signs of more severe vascular impairment.
Abstract: BACKGROUND Myocardial mechanical efficiency can be measured as the ratio between systolic work and energy consumption. We evaluated the relation between myocardial mechanical efficiency and left ventricular (LV) mass in untreated hypertensive patients. METHODS Myocardial work was estimated in 256 normotensive (35 +/- 12 years) and 306 hypertensive patients (47 +/- 10 years) with normal ejection fraction, as stroke work in gram-meters (stroke work = BPs x SV x 0.0144, where BPs is systolic blood pressure, SV is echocardiographic stroke volume). Myocardial O2 consumption was estimated as the product of heart rate (HR) x BPs (eMVO2). Myocardial mechanical efficiency was estimated as the ratio of stroke work/eMVO2, which can be simplified and expressed as ml/s. RESULTS LV mass was greater in hypertensive than in normotensive patients (46 +/- 13 vs. 38 +/- 11 g/m2.7, P < 0.0001), but myocardial mechanical efficiency was identical (85 +/- 23 vs. 86 +/- 26 ml/s). Relations between myocardial mechanical efficiency and LV mass were close (both P < 0.0001), but more scattered among hypertensive patients because of 56 patients exhibiting low myocardial mechanical efficiency relative to the magnitude of LV mass. At comparable age and body size, these patients had higher HR, BPs, and pulse pressure than those with normal myocardial mechanical efficiency (all P < 0.001). After adjusting for age and sex, hypertensive patients with low myocardial mechanical efficiency showed greater relative wall thickness and lower ejection fraction and midwall shortening than those with normal myocardial mechanical efficiency (all P < 0.001). Low myocardial mechanical efficiency was also associated with inappropriately high LV mass (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION In some hypertensive patients the left ventricle works inefficiently with a high energy wasting, at the same level of LV mass as hypertensive patients with normal myocardial mechanical efficiency. Those patients feature a high cardiovascular risk phenotype, with concentric LV geometry, systolic dysfunction, and indirect signs of more severe vascular impairment.

40 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Compared with LVH, inappropriate LVM is more accurate at identifying patients with clustered left ventricular geometric and functional abnormalities, and is associated with higher RWT, lower left Ventricular systolic function, longer IVRT and prolonged E-deceleration time.
Abstract: BACKGROUND Left ventricular mass (LVM) exceeding needs to sustain haemodynamic load has been termed 'inappropriate left ventricular mass'. We hypothesized that inappropriate LVM identifies hypertensive patients with clustered cardiac geometric and functional abnormalities. METHODS For this purpose, 359 hypertensive individuals without prevalent cardiovascular disease underwent Doppler echocardiography. Observed LVM exceeding more than 28% of the value predicted for individual cardiac work, body size and sex was defined as inappropriate LVM. Concentric left ventricular geometry was defined as age-adjusted relative wall thickness (RWT) greater than 0.40. Systolic dysfunction was defined as ejection fraction less than 50% or midwall shortening less than 14.7%. Diastolic dysfunction was defined as isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT) greater than 100 ms, E-velocity deceleration time greater than 220 ms or age and heart rate-normalized early/late (E/A) ratio less than 0.66. Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) was defined as an LVM index greater than 49.2 g/m2.7 in men and 46.7 g/m2.7 in women. RESULTS As expected, inappropriate LVM was associated with higher RWT, lower left ventricular systolic function, longer IVRT and prolonged E-deceleration time (all P < 0.05). Patients with inappropriate LVM had a higher prevalence of concentric geometry (65.5 versus 40.4%), systolic dysfunction (67.9 versus 47.4%) and diastolic dysfunction (46.4 versus 39%; all P < 0.001) than those with LVH. Inappropriate LVM had greater sensitivity (0.89 versus 0.54) and specificity (0.82 versus 0.62; both P < 0.01) than LVH in identifying patients with clustered left ventricular concentric geometry, systolic and diastolic dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS Inappropriate LVM is associated with a cluster of concentric left ventricular geometry, delayed left ventricular relaxation and reduced systolic performance. Compared with LVH, inappropriate LVM is more accurate at identifying patients with clustered left ventricular geometric and functional abnormalities.

40 citations


Cited by
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Giuseppe Mancia1, Robert Fagard, Krzysztof Narkiewicz, Josep Redon, Alberto Zanchetti, Michael Böhm, Thierry Christiaens, Renata Cifkova, Guy De Backer, Anna F. Dominiczak, Maurizio Galderisi, Diederick E. Grobbee, Tiny Jaarsma, Paulus Kirchhof, Sverre E. Kjeldsen, Stéphane Laurent, Athanasios J. Manolis, Peter M. Nilsson, Luis M. Ruilope, Roland E. Schmieder, Per Anton Sirnes, Peter Sleight, Margus Viigimaa, Bernard Waeber, Faiez Zannad, Michel Burnier, Ettore Ambrosioni, Mark Caufield, Antonio Coca, Michael H. Olsen, Costas Tsioufis, Philippe van de Borne, José Luis Zamorano, Stephan Achenbach, Helmut Baumgartner, Jeroen J. Bax, Héctor Bueno, Veronica Dean, Christi Deaton, Çetin Erol, Roberto Ferrari, David Hasdai, Arno W. Hoes, Juhani Knuuti, Philippe Kolh2, Patrizio Lancellotti, Aleš Linhart, Petros Nihoyannopoulos, Massimo F Piepoli, Piotr Ponikowski, Juan Tamargo, Michal Tendera, Adam Torbicki, William Wijns, Stephan Windecker, Denis Clement, Thierry C. Gillebert, Enrico Agabiti Rosei, Stefan D. Anker, Johann Bauersachs, Jana Brguljan Hitij, Mark J. Caulfield, Marc De Buyzere, Sabina De Geest, Geneviève Derumeaux, Serap Erdine, Csaba Farsang, Christian Funck-Brentano, Vjekoslav Gerc, Giuseppe Germanò, Stephan Gielen, Herman Haller, Jens Jordan, Thomas Kahan, Michel Komajda, Dragan Lovic, Heiko Mahrholdt, Jan Östergren, Gianfranco Parati, Joep Perk, Jorge Polónia, Bogdan A. Popescu, Zeljko Reiner, Lars Rydén, Yuriy Sirenko, Alice Stanton, Harry A.J. Struijker-Boudier, Charalambos Vlachopoulos, Massimo Volpe, David A. Wood 
TL;DR: In this article, a randomized controlled trial of Aliskiren in the Prevention of Major Cardiovascular Events in Elderly people was presented. But the authors did not discuss the effect of the combination therapy in patients living with systolic hypertension.
Abstract: ABCD : Appropriate Blood pressure Control in Diabetes ABI : ankle–brachial index ABPM : ambulatory blood pressure monitoring ACCESS : Acute Candesartan Cilexetil Therapy in Stroke Survival ACCOMPLISH : Avoiding Cardiovascular Events in Combination Therapy in Patients Living with Systolic Hypertension ACCORD : Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes ACE : angiotensin-converting enzyme ACTIVE I : Atrial Fibrillation Clopidogrel Trial with Irbesartan for Prevention of Vascular Events ADVANCE : Action in Diabetes and Vascular Disease: Preterax and Diamicron-MR Controlled Evaluation AHEAD : Action for HEAlth in Diabetes ALLHAT : Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart ATtack ALTITUDE : ALiskiren Trial In Type 2 Diabetes Using Cardio-renal Endpoints ANTIPAF : ANgioTensin II Antagonist In Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation APOLLO : A Randomized Controlled Trial of Aliskiren in the Prevention of Major Cardiovascular Events in Elderly People ARB : angiotensin receptor blocker ARIC : Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities ARR : aldosterone renin ratio ASCOT : Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial ASCOT-LLA : Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial—Lipid Lowering Arm ASTRAL : Angioplasty and STenting for Renal Artery Lesions A-V : atrioventricular BB : beta-blocker BMI : body mass index BP : blood pressure BSA : body surface area CA : calcium antagonist CABG : coronary artery bypass graft CAPPP : CAPtopril Prevention Project CAPRAF : CAndesartan in the Prevention of Relapsing Atrial Fibrillation CHD : coronary heart disease CHHIPS : Controlling Hypertension and Hypertension Immediately Post-Stroke CKD : chronic kidney disease CKD-EPI : Chronic Kidney Disease—EPIdemiology collaboration CONVINCE : Controlled ONset Verapamil INvestigation of CV Endpoints CT : computed tomography CV : cardiovascular CVD : cardiovascular disease D : diuretic DASH : Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension DBP : diastolic blood pressure DCCT : Diabetes Control and Complications Study DIRECT : DIabetic REtinopathy Candesartan Trials DM : diabetes mellitus DPP-4 : dipeptidyl peptidase 4 EAS : European Atherosclerosis Society EASD : European Association for the Study of Diabetes ECG : electrocardiogram EF : ejection fraction eGFR : estimated glomerular filtration rate ELSA : European Lacidipine Study on Atherosclerosis ESC : European Society of Cardiology ESH : European Society of Hypertension ESRD : end-stage renal disease EXPLOR : Amlodipine–Valsartan Combination Decreases Central Systolic Blood Pressure more Effectively than the Amlodipine–Atenolol Combination FDA : U.S. Food and Drug Administration FEVER : Felodipine EVent Reduction study GISSI-AF : Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Sopravvivenza nell'Infarto Miocardico-Atrial Fibrillation HbA1c : glycated haemoglobin HBPM : home blood pressure monitoring HOPE : Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation HOT : Hypertension Optimal Treatment HRT : hormone replacement therapy HT : hypertension HYVET : HYpertension in the Very Elderly Trial IMT : intima-media thickness I-PRESERVE : Irbesartan in Heart Failure with Preserved Systolic Function INTERHEART : Effect of Potentially Modifiable Risk Factors associated with Myocardial Infarction in 52 Countries INVEST : INternational VErapamil SR/T Trandolapril ISH : Isolated systolic hypertension JNC : Joint National Committee JUPITER : Justification for the Use of Statins in Primary Prevention: an Intervention Trial Evaluating Rosuvastatin LAVi : left atrial volume index LIFE : Losartan Intervention For Endpoint Reduction in Hypertensives LV : left ventricle/left ventricular LVH : left ventricular hypertrophy LVM : left ventricular mass MDRD : Modification of Diet in Renal Disease MRFIT : Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial MRI : magnetic resonance imaging NORDIL : The Nordic Diltiazem Intervention study OC : oral contraceptive OD : organ damage ONTARGET : ONgoing Telmisartan Alone and in Combination with Ramipril Global Endpoint Trial PAD : peripheral artery disease PATHS : Prevention And Treatment of Hypertension Study PCI : percutaneous coronary intervention PPAR : peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor PREVEND : Prevention of REnal and Vascular ENdstage Disease PROFESS : Prevention Regimen for Effectively Avoiding Secondary Strokes PROGRESS : Perindopril Protection Against Recurrent Stroke Study PWV : pulse wave velocity QALY : Quality adjusted life years RAA : renin-angiotensin-aldosterone RAS : renin-angiotensin system RCT : randomized controlled trials RF : risk factor ROADMAP : Randomized Olmesartan And Diabetes MicroAlbuminuria Prevention SBP : systolic blood pressure SCAST : Angiotensin-Receptor Blocker Candesartan for Treatment of Acute STroke SCOPE : Study on COgnition and Prognosis in the Elderly SCORE : Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation SHEP : Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program STOP : Swedish Trials in Old Patients with Hypertension STOP-2 : The second Swedish Trial in Old Patients with Hypertension SYSTCHINA : SYSTolic Hypertension in the Elderly: Chinese trial SYSTEUR : SYSTolic Hypertension in Europe TIA : transient ischaemic attack TOHP : Trials Of Hypertension Prevention TRANSCEND : Telmisartan Randomised AssessmeNt Study in ACE iNtolerant subjects with cardiovascular Disease UKPDS : United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study VADT : Veterans' Affairs Diabetes Trial VALUE : Valsartan Antihypertensive Long-term Use Evaluation WHO : World Health Organization ### 1.1 Principles The 2013 guidelines on hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and the European Society of Cardiology …

14,173 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Authors/Task Force Members: Piotr Ponikowski* (Chairperson) (Poland), Adriaan A. Voors* (Co-Chair person) (The Netherlands), Stefan D. Anker (Germany), Héctor Bueno (Spain), John G. F. Cleland (UK), Andrew J. S. Coats (UK)

13,400 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This document provides updated normal values for all four cardiac chambers, including three-dimensional echocardiography and myocardial deformation, when possible, on the basis of considerably larger numbers of normal subjects, compiled from multiple databases.
Abstract: The rapid technological developments of the past decade and the changes in echocardiographic practice brought about by these developments have resulted in the need for updated recommendations to the previously published guidelines for cardiac chamber quantification, which was the goal of the joint writing group assembled by the American Society of Echocardiography and the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging. This document provides updated normal values for all four cardiac chambers, including three-dimensional echocardiography and myocardial deformation, when possible, on the basis of considerably larger numbers of normal subjects, compiled from multiple databases. In addition, this document attempts to eliminate several minor discrepancies that existed between previously published guidelines.

11,568 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Members of the Chamber Quantification Writing Group are: Roberto M. Lang, MD, Fase, Michelle Bierig, MPH, RDCS, FASE, Richard B. Devereux,MD, Frank A. Flachskampf, MD and Elyse Foster, MD.
Abstract: Members of the Chamber Quantification Writing Group are: Roberto M. Lang, MD, FASE, Michelle Bierig, MPH, RDCS, FASE, Richard B. Devereux, MD, Frank A. Flachskampf, MD, Elyse Foster, MD, Patricia A. Pellikka, MD, Michael H. Picard, MD, Mary J. Roman, MD, James Seward, MD, Jack S. Shanewise, MD, FASE, Scott D. Solomon, MD, Kirk T. Spencer, MD, FASE, Martin St John Sutton, MD, FASE, and William J. Stewart, MD

10,834 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: 2007 Guidelines for the Management of Arterial Hypertension : The Task Force for the management of Arterspertension of the European Society ofhypertension (ESH) and of theEuropean Society of Cardiology (ESC).
Abstract: 2007 Guidelines for the Management of Arterial Hypertension : The Task Force for the Management of Arterial Hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC).

9,932 citations