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Max Cornacchia

Bio: Max Cornacchia is an academic researcher. The author has contributed to research in topics: Linear particle accelerator & Particle accelerator. The author has an hindex of 1, co-authored 1 publications receiving 16 citations.

Papers
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ReportDOI
28 Aug 2001
TL;DR: In this article, it is shown that the injection-damping ring system used to inject into the PEP-II B-Factory can be used for this purpose, without any modification to the linear accelerator except for a sequence of 4 bending magnets to compress the electron bunch.
Abstract: It is possible to generate very bright sub-picosecond pulses of spontaneous x-ray radiation utilizing the electron beam from the SLAC linear accelerator and an undulator. The present injection-damping ring system used to inject into the PEP-II B-Factory can be used for this purpose, without any modification to the linear accelerator except for a sequence of 4 bending magnets to compress the electron bunch. With a charge of 3.4 nC per bunch accelerated to 28 GeV and a 10 m long undulator it is quite feasible to generate pulses of x-rays of 8.3 kV energy (in a spectrum extending to over 1 MeV), 80 fsec long (full-width-half-maximum), with a peak brightness of the order of 10{sup 25} photons/(sec x mm{sup 2} x mrad{sup 2} x 0.1% bandwidth), and 10{sup 8} photons per pulse in a 0.1% bandwidth. This facility could be built and operated ahead of the LCLS schedule and would provide both a powerful tool for research in its own right, as well as a way to conduct critical accelerator and x-ray optics R and D for the LCLS.

16 citations


Cited by
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23 Feb 2007
TL;DR: In this paper, the physics and characteristic properties of single-pass FELs, as well as current technical developments aiming for fully coherent x-ray radiation pulses with pulse durations in the 100 fs to 100 as range are reviewed.
Abstract: In a free-electron laser (FEL) the lasing medium is a high-energy beam of electrons flying with relativistic speed through a periodic magnetic field. The interaction between the synchrotron radiation that is produced and the electrons in the beam induces a periodic bunching of the electrons, greatly increasing the intensity of radiation produced at a particular wavelength. Depending only on a phase match between the electron energy and the magnetic period, the wavelength of the FEL radiation can be continuously tuned within a wide spectral range. The FEL concept can be adapted to produce radiation wavelengths from millimeters to Angstroms, and can in principle produce hard x-ray beams with unprecedented peak brightness, exceeding that of the brightest synchrotron source by ten orders of magnitude or more. This paper focuses on short-wavelength FELs. It reviews the physics and characteristic properties of single-pass FELs, as well as current technical developments aiming for fully coherent x-ray radiation pulses with pulse durations in the 100 fs to 100 as range. First experimental results at wavelengths around 100 nm and examples of scientific applications planned on the new, emerging x-ray FEL facilities are presented.

242 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The principle of the oversampling method, which takes advantage of "continuous" diffraction patterns from noncrystalline specimens, is reviewed and the ongoing experiments of imaging nonperiodic objects, such as cells and cellular structures, using coherent and bright X rays produced by third-generation synchrotron sources are discussed.
Abstract: Recent work is extending the methodology of X-ray crystallography to the structure determination of noncrystalline specimens. The phase problem is solved using the oversampling method, which takes advantage of "continuous" diffraction patterns from noncrystalline specimens. Here we review the principle of this newly developed technique and discuss the ongoing experiments of imaging nonperiodic objects, such as cells and cellular structures, using coherent and bright X rays produced by third-generation synchrotron sources. In the longer run, the technique may be applicable to image single biomolecules using anticipated X-ray free electron lasers. Here, computer simulations have so far demonstrated two important steps: (a) by using an extremely intense femtosecond X-ray pulse, a diffraction pattern can be recorded from a macromolecule before radiation damage manifests itself; and (b) the phase information can be retrieved in an ab initio fashion from a set of calculated noisy diffraction patterns of single protein molecules.

70 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The x-ray free electron laser based on the principle of self-amplified spontaneous emission is the basis of the fourth generation X-ray source user facilities of this century.
Abstract: The intensity of x-ray sources has increased at a rapid rate since the late 1960s by ten orders of magnitude and more through the use of synchrotron radiation produced by bending magnets, wigglers and undulators. Three generations of radiation sources have been identified depending on amplitude and quality of the radiation provided. While user facilities of the third generation were being constructed, a new concept of radiation generating devices was being developed that offers an even larger increase in peak and average brightness than had been achieved till then. The new concept of the x-ray free electron laser based on the principle of self-amplified spontaneous emission will be the basis of fourth generation x-ray source user facilities of this century. The paper will start with a brief history of the development of x-ray sources, it will then discuss some of the differences between storage ring and free electron laser based approaches, and will close with an update of the present development of x-ray free electron laser user facilities.

30 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the electric field in the temporal and spectral domain of coherent diffraction-limited transition radiation is studied, and a general expression for the spatiotemporal electric field is derived, and closed-form solutions for several special cases are given.
Abstract: The electric field in the temporal and spectral domain of coherent diffraction-limited transition radiation is studied. An electron bunch, with arbitrary longitudinal momentum distribution, propagating at normal incidence to a sharp metal-vacuum boundary with finite transverse dimension is considered. A general expression for the spatiotemporal electric field of the transition radiation is derived, and closed-form solutions for several special cases are given. The influence of parameters such as radial boundary size, electron momentum distribution, and angle of observation on the waveform (e.g., radiation pulse length and amplitude) are discussed. For a Gaussian electron bunch, the coherent radiation waveform is shown to have a single-cycle profile. Application to a novel THz source based on a laser-driven accelerator is discussed.

27 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A review of various methods for generation of ultrashort X-ray pulses using relativistic electron beam from conventional accelerators is presented in this article, where spontaneous and coherent emission of electrons are considered.
Abstract: A review of various methods for generation of ultrashort X-ray pulses using relativistic electron beam from conventional accelerators is presented. Both spontaneous and coherent emission of electrons are considered.

12 citations