Author
Meez Islam
Bio: Meez Islam is an academic researcher from Teesside University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Absorption (electromagnetic radiation) & Spectroscopy. The author has an hindex of 21, co-authored 38 publications receiving 1241 citations.
Papers
More filters
TL;DR: In this article, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) was applied to the analysis of burned bones to examine changes in Crystallinity Index (CI), Ca/P and C/C ratios in bone experimentally burned to known, but varying, temperatures and durations.
195 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the characteristics of biochar, its availability for nutrient cycling, including the beneficial and potentially negative/inhibitory impacts, and the requisite multidisciplinary analysis (physicochemical, microbiological, and molecular) to study these in detail, are explored.
Abstract: Biochar—charcoal used to amend land and sequester carbon—is attracting considerable interest. Its distinctive physical/chemical/biological properties, including high water-holding capacity, large surface area, cation exchange capacity, elemental composition, and pore size/volume/distribution, effect its recognized impacts, especially on microbial communities. These are explored in the context of agriculture, composting, and land remediation/restoration. Considerable focus is given to mycorrhizal associations, which are central to exploitation in environmental technologies involving biochar. The characteristics of biochar, its availability for nutrient cycling, including the beneficial and potentially negative/inhibitory impacts, and the requisite multidisciplinary analysis (physicochemical, microbiological, and molecular) to study these in detail, are explored.
171 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a novel application of statistical techniques to the FTIR spectra of bone samples burned in the range 100°C-1100°C has been used to identify five new spectral indices of heat-induced crystallinity change.
120 citations
TL;DR: This paper draws together and evaluates all currently available methodologies for temperature estimation and vastly advancing the understanding of heat induced changes in bone, thus facilitating a more accurate interpretation.
119 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the influence of internal and external variables on bone crystallinity changes using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy-Attenuated Total Reflectance (FTIR-ATR) on modern burned and unburned faunal bone.
84 citations
Cited by
More filters
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present the basis for each technique, recent developments in methods and performance limitations, and present a performance comparison of different techniques, taking data reported over the preceding decade, and draw conclusions from this benchmarking.
Abstract: The detection and measurement of gas concentrations using the characteristic optical absorption of the gas species is important for both understanding and monitoring a variety of phenomena from industrial processes to environmental change. This study reviews the field, covering several individual gas detection techniques including non-dispersive infrared, spectrophotometry, tunable diode laser spectroscopy and photoacoustic spectroscopy. We present the basis for each technique, recent developments in methods and performance limitations. The technology available to support this field, in terms of key components such as light sources and gas cells, has advanced rapidly in recent years and we discuss these new developments. Finally, we present a performance comparison of different techniques, taking data reported over the preceding decade, and draw conclusions from this benchmarking.
1,293 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a meta-analysis revealed that slow pyrolyzed biochars produced from various feedstocks at temperatures from 300°C to 600°C consistently increased some physico-chemical properties (i.e., pH, cation exchange capacity and aggregation) and microbial parameters (e.g., abundance and community structure of microorganisms) in a vast number of soils during short (≤90 days) laboratory incubations and longer (1-3 years) field studies.
842 citations
TL;DR: This review outlines some of the advantages and challenges that may accompany a transition from macroscopic to microfluidic cell culture and focuses on decisive factors that distinguish Macroscopic from microfluidity cell culture to encourage a reconsideration of how macroscopy cell culture principles might apply to micro fluidiccell culture.
760 citations
TL;DR: The main properties of biochar are the following: high surface area with many functional groups, high nutrient content, and slow-release fertilizer as discussed by the authors, which can be used to improve soil fertility.
Abstract: Soil mineral depletion is a major issue due mainly to soil erosion and nutrient leaching. The addition of biochar is a solution because biochar has been shown to improve soil fertility, to promote plant growth, to increase crop yield, and to reduce contaminations. We review here biochar potential to improve soil fertility. The main properties of biochar are the following: high surface area with many functional groups, high nutrient content, and slow-release fertilizer. We discuss the influence of feedstock, pyrolysis temperature, pH, application rates, and soil types. We review the mechanisms ruling the adsorption of nutrients by biochar.
603 citations
TL;DR: This review links microbial responses, including microbial activity, community structures and soil enzyme activities, with changes in soil properties caused by biochars, and summarized possible mechanisms that are involved in the effects that biochar-microbe interactions have on soil carbon sequestration and pollution remediation.
551 citations