THE DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF EXPERIMENTS. By Oscar Kempthorne. New York, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1952. 631 pp. $8.50. This book by a teacher of statistics (as well as a consultant for \"experimenters\") is a comprehensive study of the philosophical background for the statistical design of experiment. It is necessary to have some facility with algebraic notation and manipulation to be able to use the volume intelligently. The problems are presented from the theoretical point of view, without such practical examples as would be helpful for those not acquainted with mathematics. The mathematical justification for the techniques is given. As a somewhat advanced treatment of the design and analysis of experiments, this volume will be interesting and helpful for many who approach statistics theoretically as well as practically. With emphasis on the \"why,\" and with description given broadly, the author relates the subject matter to the general theory of statistics and to the general problem of experimental inference. MARGARET J. ROBERTSON

The Design and Analysis of Experiments

Artificial neural networks (ANNs) constitute a class of flexible nonlinear models designed to mimic biological neural systems. In this entry, we introduce ANN using familiar econometric terminology and provide an overview of ANN modeling approach and its implementation methods. † Correspondence: Chung-Ming Kuan, Institute of Economics, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Sec. 2, Taipei 115, Taiwan; ckuan@econ.sinica.edu.tw. †† I would like to express my sincere gratitude to the editor, Professor Steven Durlauf, for his patience and constructive comments on early drafts of this entry. I also thank Shih-Hsun Hsu and Yu-Lieh Huang for very helpful suggestions. The remaining errors are all mine.

Artificial neural networks

This chapter introduces the finite element method (FEM) as a tool for solution of classical electromagnetic problems. Although we discuss the main points in the application of the finite element method to electromagnetic design, including formulation and implementation, those who seek deeper understanding of the finite element method should consult some of the works listed in the bibliography section.

Introduction to the Finite Element Method

The controversy related to the environment pollution is increasing in human life and in the eco-system. Especially, the water pollution is growing rapidly due to the wastewater discharge from the industries. The only way to find the new water resource is the reuse of treated wastewater. Several remediation technologies are available which provides a convenience to reuse the reclaimed wastewater. Heavy metals like Zn, Cu, Pb, Ni, Cd, Hg, etc. contributes various environmental problems based on their toxicity. These toxic metals are exposed to human and environment, the accumulation of ions takes place which causes serious health and environmental hazards. Hence, it is a major concern in the environment. Due to this concern, the significance of developing technology for removing heavy metals has been increased. This paper contributes the outline of new literature with two objectives. First, it provides the sketch about treatment technologies followed by their heavy metal capture capacity from industrial effluent. The treatment performance, their remediation capacity and probable environmental and health impacts were deliberated in this review article. Conclusively, this review paper furnishes the information about the important methods incorporated in lab scale studies which are required to identify the feasible and convenient wastewater treatment. Moreover, attempts have been made to confer the emphasis on sequestration of heavy metals from industrial effluent and establish the scientific background for reducing the discharge of heavy metals into the environment.

Efficient techniques for the removal of toxic heavy metals from aquatic environment: A review

A review of recent strategies for acid mine drainage prevention and mine tailings recycling.

A review of zinc oxide mineral beneficiation using flotation method

The effect of reagents on selective flotation of smithsonite–calcite–quartz

Influence of important factors on flotation of zinc oxide mineral using cationic, anionic and mixed (cationic/anionic) collectors

A review of the beneficiation of calcareous phosphate ores using organic acid leaching

In this study, dissolution kinetics of nickel in sulphuric acid was investigated. The effects of various parameters were studied to optimize the dissolution conditions and to determine the kinetics of the leaching. The results indicated that the increase in the leaching time, temperature, sulphuric acid concentration, and decrease in solid–liquid ratio and particle size enhanced the leaching rate of nickel. The results showed that the 96% of nickel content was extracted from the sample of particle size −250 μm after 30 min leaching in 8% (v/v) sulphuric acid concentration and solid/liquid of 0.10. The experimental data were best fitted by a diffusion-controlled model indicated that diffusion through the product layer was the rate-controlling step during the dissolution. The activation energy was 9.06 kJ/mol and it was also an indication of the diffusion-controlled process. The following expression based on diffusion-controlled model can be used to describe the dissolution kinetics of nickel: 1 – 3 ( 1 − α ) 2 / 3 + 2 ( 1 − α ) = k d t = k 0 [ H 2 SO 4 ] 1.36 ( S / L ) − 1.12 r 0 − 0.22 exp ( 9.06 / R T ) t gypsum was formed as the main leaching product and tended to inhibit the leaching rate. The leaching mechanism was confirmed by characterizing the original sample and the leach residues using XRD and SEM analysis.

Mehdi Irannajad

Papers

A review of zinc oxide mineral beneficiation using flotation method

The effect of reagents on selective flotation of smithsonite–calcite–quartz

Influence of important factors on flotation of zinc oxide mineral using cationic, anionic and mixed (cationic/anionic) collectors

A review of the beneficiation of calcareous phosphate ores using organic acid leaching

Leaching kinetics of nickel extraction from hazardous waste by sulphuric acid and optimization dissolution conditions