http://yael-nissan.weebly.com/uploads/5/2/9/2/5292348/the_introduction_to_pain_an_integrative_review_-_millan.pdf

The induction of pain: an integrative review

Receptors for most interleukins and cytokines that regulate immune and hematopoietic systems belong to the class I cytokine receptor family. These molecules form multichain receptor complexes in order to exhibit high-affinity binding to, and mediate biological functions of, their respective cytokines. In most cases, these functional receptor complexes share common signal transducing receptor components that are also in the class I cytokine receptor family, i.e. gp130, common beta, and common gamma molecules. Interleukin-6 and related cytokines, interleukin-11, leukemia inhibitory factor, oncostatin M, ciliary neurotrophic factor, and cardiotrophin-1 are all pleiotropic and exhibit overlapping biological functions. Functional receptor complexes for this interleukin-6 family of cytokines share gp130 as a component critical for signal transduction. Unlike cytokines sharing common beta and common gamma chains that mainly function in hematopoietic and lymphoid cell systems, the interleukin-6 family of cytokines function extensively outside these systems as well, e.g. from the cardiovascular to the nervous system, owing to ubiquitously expressed gp130. Stimulation of cells with the interleukin-6 family of cytokines triggers homo- or hetero-dimerization of gp130. Although gp130 and its dimer partners possess no intrinsic tyrosine kinase domain, the dimerization of gp130 leads to activation of associated cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases and subsequent modification of transcription factors. This paper reviews recent progress in the study of the interleukin-6 family of cytokines and gp130.

Gp130 and the interleukin-6 family of cytokines

Hirschsprung disease (HSCR, aganglionic megacolon) represents the main genetic cause of functional intestinal obstruction with an incidence of 1/5000 live births. This developmental disorder is a neurocristopathy and is characterised by the absence of the enteric ganglia along a variable length of the intestine. In the last decades, the development of surgical approaches has importantly decreased mortality and morbidity which allowed the emergence of familial cases. Isolated HSCR appears to be a non-Mendelian malformation with low, sex-dependent penetrance, and variable expression according to the length of the aganglionic segment. While all Mendelian modes of inheritance have been described in syndromic HSCR, isolated HSCR stands as a model for genetic disorders with complex patterns of inheritance. The tyrosine kinase receptor RET is the major gene with both rare coding sequence mutations and/or a frequent variant located in an enhancer element predisposing to the disease. Hitherto, 10 genes and five loci have been found to be involved in HSCR development.

/pdf/hirschsprung-disease-associated-syndromes-and-genetics-a-1da3jmvt8r.pdf

Hirschsprung disease, associated syndromes and genetics: a review

Corneal nerves: structure, contents and function.

Wnt9b plays a central role in the regulation of mesenchymal to epithelial transitions underlying organogenesis of the mammalian urogenital system.

GDNF–Induced Activation of the Ret Protein Tyrosine Kinase Is Mediated by GDNFR-α, a Novel Receptor for GDNF

GFRα-2 and GFRα-3 Are Two New Receptors for Ligands of the GDNF Family

L'invention concerne des polypeptides de type B7 (B7-L) et des acides nucleiques codant ces polypeptides. L'invention concerne egalement des agents selectifs de liaison, des vecteurs, des cellules hotes, et des procedes permettant la production de ces polypeptides B7-L. L'invention concerne en outre des compositions et des procedes pharmaceutiques destines a diagnostiquer, traiter, ameliorer, et/ou prevenir des maladies, des troubles, et des etats associes aux polypeptides B7-L.

Mei Fang

Papers

GDNF–Induced Activation of the Ret Protein Tyrosine Kinase Is Mediated by GDNFR-α, a Novel Receptor for GDNF

GFRα-2 and GFRα-3 Are Two New Receptors for Ligands of the GDNF Family

Molecules de type b7 et utilisation de ces molecules