Michael J Michell

Bio: Michael J Michell is an academic researcher from University of Cambridge. The author has contributed to research in topics: Breast cancer & Medicine. The author has an hindex of 20, co-authored 79 publications receiving 1581 citations.

The TOMMY trial: a comparison of TOMosynthesis with digital MammographY in the UK NHS Breast Screening Programme - a multicentre retrospective reading study comparing the diagnostic performance of digital breast tomosynthesis and digital mammography with digital mammography alone.

Abstract: This project was funded by the NIHR Health Technology Assessment programme and will be published in full in Health Technology Assessment; Vol. 19, No. 4. See the HTA programme website for further project information.

Accuracy of Digital Breast Tomosynthesis for Depicting Breast Cancer Subgroups in a UK Retrospective Reading Study (TOMMY Trial)

Abstract: In this retrospective reading study, we demonstrated a clear improvement in diagnostic accuracy of two-dimensional (2D) mammography with the use of 2D or synthetic 2D mammography plus digital breast tomosynthesis compared with 2D mammography alone, with a significant reduction (56%) in odds of receiving false-positive results.

Screening for breast cancer in England: past and future

Abstract: • The NHS Breast Screening Programme (NHSBSP) began in 1988. It aims to invite all women aged 50–70 years for mammographic screening once every three years. The programme now screens 1.3 million women each year, about 75% of those invited, and diagnoses about 10,000 breast cancers annually. • Although some have questioned the value of screening for breast cancer, the scientific evidence demonstrates clearly that regular mammographic screening between the ages of 50 and 70 years reduces mortality from the malignancy. • Screened women are slightly more likely than unscreened women to be diagnosed with breast cancer. The cancers in screened women are smaller and are less likely to be treated with mastectomy than they would have been if diagnosed without screening. •For every 400 women screened regularly by the NHSBSP over a 10-year period, one woman fewer will die from breast cancer than would have died without screening. • The current NHSBSP saves an estimated 1400 lives each year in England. • The screening programme spends about £3000 for every year of life saved.

European guidelines for quality assurance in breast cancer screening and diagnosis

Abstract: The fourth edition of the European guidelines for quality assurance in breast cancer screening and diagnosis was published by the European Commission in 2006. The present supplements to the fourth edition have been produced by the same groups of experts originally established under the Europe Against Cancer programme that have developed and updated the guidelines since the early 1990s. Over the years, the scope and the depth of the multidisciplinary guidelines have expanded, and recommendations and protocols have been updated to keep pace with developments in the field. The present supplements lay a cornerstone for a new, completely revised fifth edition of the guidelines

Estrogen and the Risk of Breast Cancer

Abstract: The connection between breast cancer and estrogen has been recognized for more than 100 years, since George Beatson demonstrated that bilateral oophorectomy resulted in the remission of breast cancer in premenopausal women.1 Subsequent evidence has implicated both endogenous and exogenous estrogen in the pathogenesis of breast cancer. In this article, we review the relation between estrogen and the risk of breast cancer. Estrogen and Breast Carcinogenesis Experimental data strongly suggest that estrogens have a role in the development and growth of breast cancer.2 Although the exact mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated, the alkylation of cellular molecules and the generation . . .

Mammographic densities and breast cancer risk.

Abstract: The radiological appearance of the female breast varies among individuals because of differences in the relative amounts and X-ray attenuation characteristics of fat and epithelial and stromal tissues Fat is radiolucent and appears dark on a mammogram, and epithelium and stroma are radiodense and appear light We review here the evidence that these variations, known as mammographic parenchymal patterns, are related to risk of breast cancer Studies that used quantitative measurement to classify mammographic patterns have consistently found that women with dense tissue in more than 60-75% of the breast are at four to six times greater risk of breast cancer than those with no densities These risk estimates are independent of the effects of other risk factors and have been shown to persist over at least 10 years of follow up Estimates of attributable risk suggest that this risk factor may account for as many as 30% of breast cancer cases Mammographically dense breast tissue is associated both with epithelial proliferation and with stromal fibrosis The relationship between these histological features and risk of breast cancer may by explained by the known actions of growth factors that are thought to play important roles in breast development and carcinogenesis Mammographically dense tissue differs from most other breast cancer risk factors in the strength of the associated relative and attributable risks for breast cancer, and because it can be changed by hormonal and dietary interventions This risk factor may be most useful as a means of investigating the etiology of breast cancer and of testing hypotheses about potential preventive strategies