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Michael L. Batzle

Bio: Michael L. Batzle is an academic researcher from ARCO. The author has contributed to research in topics: Longitudinal wave & Attenuation. The author has an hindex of 7, co-authored 10 publications receiving 2530 citations.

Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyzed new velocity data in addition to literature data derived from sonic log, seismic, and laboratory measurements for clastic silicate rocks and demonstrated simple systematic relationships between compressional and shear wave velocities.
Abstract: New velocity data in addition to literature data derived from sonic log, seismic, and laboratory measurements are analyzed for clastic silicate rocks. These data demonstrate simple systematic relationships between compressional and shear wave velocities. For water-saturated clastic silicate rocks, shear wave veloci­ ty is approximately linearly related to compressional wave velocity and the compressional-to-shear velocity ratio decreases with increasing compressional velocity. Laboratory data for dry sandstones indicate a nearly constant compressional-to-shear velocity ratio with rigidity approximately equal to bulk modulus. Ideal models for regular packings of spheres and cracked solids exhibit behavior similar to the observed water­ saturated and dry trends. For dry rigidity equal to dry bulk modulus, Gassmann's equations predict velocities in close agreement with data from the water-saturated

1,379 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a combination of thermodynamic relationships, empirical trends, and new and published data was used to examine the effects of pressure, temperature, and composition on these important seismic properties of hydrocarbon gases and oils and of brines.
Abstract: Pore fluids strongly influence the seismic properties of rocks. The densities, bulk moduli, velocities, and viscosities of common pore fluids are usually oversimplified in geophysics. We use a combination of thermodynamic relationships, empirical trends, and new and published data to examine the effects of pressure, temperature, and composition on these important seismic properties of hydrocarbon gases and oils and of brines. Estimates of in-situ conditions and pore fluid composition yield more accurate values of these fluid properties than are typically assumed. Simplified expressions are developed to facilitate the use of realistic fluid properties in rock models. Pore fluids have properties that vary substantially, but systematically, with composition, pressure, and temperature. Gas and oil density and modulus, as well as oil viscosity, increase with molecular weight and pressure, and decrease with temperature. Gas viscosity has a similar behavior, except at higher temperatures and lower pressures, where the viscosity will increase slightly with increasing temperature. Large amounts of gas can go into solution in lighter oils and substantially lower the modulus and viscosity. Brine modulus, density, and viscosities increase with increasing salt content and pressure. Brine is peculiar because the modulus reaches a maximum at a temperature from 40 to 80°C. Far less gas can be absorbed by brines than by light oils. As a result, gas in solution in oils can drive their modulus so far below that of brines that seismic reflection bright spots may develop from the interface between oil saturated and brine saturated rocks.

1,315 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, experimental results of laboratory experiments on acoustic-wave velocities in oils show that the measured acoustic velocity is a strong function of both temperature and pressure, which is consistent with existing liquid state theories and models to interpret and understand the acoustic-velocity behaviors of oils.
Abstract: Results of laboratory experiments on acoustic-wave velocities in oils show that the measured acoustic velocities are strong functions of both temperature and pressure The experimental results are discussed in light of existing liquid state theories and models to interpret and understand the acoustic-velocity behaviors of oils Correlations are made between acoustic velocity and temperature, pressure, API gravity, and molecular weight Empirical equations are established to calculate acoustic velocities in oils with known API gravities Various applications or potential applications of the experimental results are also discussed

38 citations

Patent
Michael L. Batzle1, Billy Joe Smith1
15 Oct 1991
TL;DR: In this article, a hand-held device using dual receiving transducers is used to measure the acoustic velocities in a solid using the differences in the time of arrival of the wavefront at the first and second transducers.
Abstract: A portable device for accurately measuring acoustic velocities in solids. This portable hand-held device (100) uses dual receiving transducer tips (110, 112) to allow differential measurement of acoustic velocity in a solid. A body having a handle uses a transmitting transducer tip (108) to transmit acoustic energy to a solid. The first receiving transducer tip (110) is used in conjunction with a second receiving transducer tip (112) mounted on the body a fixed distance from the first (110). The device (100) uses the differences in the time of arrival of the wavefront at the first and second transducers to calculate the acoustic velocity in a given solid. This differential measurement method reduces acoustic velocity measurement inaccuracies.

16 citations


Cited by
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Book
01 Jan 2011
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present basic tools for elasticity and Hooke's law, effective media, granular media, flow and diffusion, and fluid effects on wave propagation for wave propagation.
Abstract: Preface 1. Basic tools 2. Elasticity and Hooke's law 3. Seismic wave propagation 4. Effective media 5. Granular media 6. Fluid effects on wave propagation 7. Empirical relations 8. Flow and diffusion 9. Electrical properties Appendices.

2,007 citations

MonographDOI
09 Jan 2020
TL;DR: The third edition of the reference book as discussed by the authors has been thoroughly updated while retaining its comprehensive coverage of the fundamental theory, concepts, and laboratory results, and highlights applications in unconventional reservoirs, including water, hydrocarbons, gases, minerals, rocks, ice, magma and methane hydrates.
Abstract: Responding to the latest developments in rock physics research, this popular reference book has been thoroughly updated while retaining its comprehensive coverage of the fundamental theory, concepts, and laboratory results. It brings together the vast literature from the field to address the relationships between geophysical observations and the underlying physical properties of Earth materials - including water, hydrocarbons, gases, minerals, rocks, ice, magma and methane hydrates. This third edition includes expanded coverage of topics such as effective medium models, viscoelasticity, attenuation, anisotropy, electrical-elastic cross relations, and highlights applications in unconventional reservoirs. Appendices have been enhanced with new materials and properties, while worked examples (supplemented by online datasets and MATLAB® codes) enable readers to implement the workflows and models in practice. This significantly revised edition will continue to be the go-to reference for students and researchers interested in rock physics, near-surface geophysics, seismology, and professionals in the oil and gas industries.

1,387 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a combination of thermodynamic relationships, empirical trends, and new and published data was used to examine the effects of pressure, temperature, and composition on these important seismic properties of hydrocarbon gases and oils and of brines.
Abstract: Pore fluids strongly influence the seismic properties of rocks. The densities, bulk moduli, velocities, and viscosities of common pore fluids are usually oversimplified in geophysics. We use a combination of thermodynamic relationships, empirical trends, and new and published data to examine the effects of pressure, temperature, and composition on these important seismic properties of hydrocarbon gases and oils and of brines. Estimates of in-situ conditions and pore fluid composition yield more accurate values of these fluid properties than are typically assumed. Simplified expressions are developed to facilitate the use of realistic fluid properties in rock models. Pore fluids have properties that vary substantially, but systematically, with composition, pressure, and temperature. Gas and oil density and modulus, as well as oil viscosity, increase with molecular weight and pressure, and decrease with temperature. Gas viscosity has a similar behavior, except at higher temperatures and lower pressures, where the viscosity will increase slightly with increasing temperature. Large amounts of gas can go into solution in lighter oils and substantially lower the modulus and viscosity. Brine modulus, density, and viscosities increase with increasing salt content and pressure. Brine is peculiar because the modulus reaches a maximum at a temperature from 40 to 80°C. Far less gas can be absorbed by brines than by light oils. As a result, gas in solution in oils can drive their modulus so far below that of brines that seismic reflection bright spots may develop from the interface between oil saturated and brine saturated rocks.

1,315 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A compilation of compressional-wave (V p) and shear-wave velocities and densities for a wide variety of common lithologies is used to define new nonlinear, multivalued, and quantitative relations between these properties for the Earth's crust as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: A compilation of compressional-wave ( V p) and shear-wave ( V s) velocities and densities for a wide variety of common lithologies is used to define new nonlinear, multivalued, and quantitative relations between these properties for the Earth's crust. Wireline borehole logs, vertical seismic profiles, laboratory measurements, and seismic tomography models provide a diverse dataset for deriving empirical relations between crustal V p and V s. The proposed V s as a function of V p relations fit V s and V p borehole logs in Quaternary alluvium and Salinian granites as well as laboratory measurements over a 7-km/sec-wide range in V p. The relations derived here are very close to those used to develop a regional 3D velocity model for southern California, based on pre-1970 data, and thus provide support for that model. These data, and these relations, show a rapid increase in V s as V p increases to 3.5 km/sec leading to higher shear-wave velocities in young sedimentary deposits than commonly assumed. These relations, appropriate for active continental margins where earthquakes are prone to occur, suggests that amplification of strong ground motions by shallow geologic deposits may not be as large as predicted by some earlier models.

1,158 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors developed a methodology for estimating the ultimate CO2 sequestration capacity in solution in aquifers and applied it to the Viking aquifer in the Alberta basin in western Canada.

683 citations