Author
Mike Howard
Bio: Mike Howard is an academic researcher. The author has an hindex of 1, co-authored 1 publications receiving 16 citations.
Papers
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North Carolina State University1, University of Concepción2, University of the Republic3, National University of Misiones4, University of Helsinki5, Scion6, Technical University of Madrid7, University of Los Andes8, Universidad Nacional de Asunción9, Research Triangle Park10, Federal University of Paraná11
TL;DR: In this article, the authors estimated timber investment returns for 22 countries and 54 management regimes in 2017, for a range of global timber plantation species and countries at the stand level, using capital budgeting criteria, without land costs, at a real discount rate of 8%.
37 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the economic performance of plantations for three species, Acacia mangium, Eucalyptus (Eucalypticus urophylla S.T. Blake × Eucaliaptus camaldulensis Dehn), and Manglietia conifera Dandy, in Bac Kan province.
Abstract: Forest plantations have expanded rapidly in response to financial support from the state and local governments and have had significant positive impacts on rural livelihoods and development in Vietnam, since the late 1980s. This study used net present value (NPV) and internal rate of return (IRR) to examine the economic performance of plantations for three species, Acacia mangium Willd, Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus urophylla S.T. Blake × Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehn), and Manglietia conifera Dandy, in Bac Kan province. On the basis of an annual discount rate of 6%, the results showed that rural households earned positive financial returns from forest plantations with seven-year rotations. Eucalyptus generated the highest NPV but A. mangium generated the greatest IRR. The plantations were facilitated by financial support from the state, land tenure reforms, and wood exports. The results provide valuable business information and policy implications for both local farmers and policy makers. Since the farmers consider more of the short term and economic return of the plantations, the results provide valuable information for policy makers to apply subsidies and other support to promote plantations with significant ecological and environmental benefits for sustainable development of rural economies.
29 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluated the performance of global roundwood markets by evaluating the order of market integration in the United States (the South and Pacific Northwest), New Zealand, Brazil, South Africa, Sweden, Chile, Canada, Finland and Austria.
24 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors investigate volatility spillovers between natural alternative investments, i.e. timber and water, and a battery of traditional instruments comprising equities, bonds, crude oil, gold, real estate, shipping and currency, for the period 1/1/2010-9/30/2021.
20 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors estimated relationships between per capita income and planted forest area for the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change-inspired Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs).
Abstract: There is rising global interest in growing more trees in order to meet growing population, climate change, and wood energy needs. Using recently published data on planted forests by country, we estimated relationships between per capita income and planted forest area that are useful for understanding prospective planted forest area futures through 2100 under various United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change-inspired Shared Socio-economic Pathways (SSPs). Under all SSPs, projections indicate increasing global planted forest area trends for the next three to four decades and declining trends thereafter, commensurate with the quadratic functions employed. Our projections indicate somewhat less total future planted forest area than prior linear forecasts. Compared to 293 million ha (Mha) of planted forests globally in 2015, SSP5 (a vision of a wealthier world) projects the largest increase (to 334 Mha, a 14% gain) by 2055, followed by SSP2 (a continuation of historical socio-economic trends, to 327 Mha, or an 11% gain), and SSP3 (a vision of a poorer world, to 319 Mha, a 9% gain). The projected trends for major world regions differ from global trends, consistent with differing socio-economic development trajectories in those regions. Our projections based on empirical FAO data for the past 25 years, as well as those by other researchers, suggest that achieving the much more ambitious global planted forest targets proposed recently will require exceptional forest land and investment supply shifts.
17 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a review synthesizes natural and social science research on forest restoration (FR), with a focus on sustainable forest management, and a series of international initiatives have set ambitious goals for restoring global forests.
Abstract: A series of international initiatives have set ambitious goals for restoring global forests. This review synthesizes natural and social science research on forest restoration (FR), with a focus on ...
14 citations