Milica Sentic

Bio: Milica Sentic is an academic researcher from University of Belgrade. The author has contributed to research in topics: Electrochemiluminescence & Bipolar electrochemistry. The author has an hindex of 12, co-authored 16 publications receiving 641 citations. Previous affiliations of Milica Sentic include University of Bordeaux & Centre national de la recherche scientifique.

Single Cell Electrochemiluminescence Imaging: From the Proof-of-Concept to Disposable Device-Based Analysis

Abstract: We report here the development of coreactant-based electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) as a surface-confined microscopy to image single cells and their membrane proteins. Labeling the entire cell membrane allows one to demonstrate that, by contrast with fluorescence, ECL emission is only detected from fluorophores located in the immediate vicinity of the electrode surface (i.e., 1–2 μm). Then, to present the potential diagnostic applications of our approach, we selected carbon nanotubes (CNT)-based inkjet-printed disposable electrodes for the direct ECL imaging of a labeled plasma receptor overexpressed on tumor cells. The ECL fluorophore was linked to an antibody and enabled to localize the ECL generation on the cancer cell membrane in close proximity to the electrode surface. Such a result is intrinsically associated with the unique ECL mechanism and is rationalized by considering the limited lifetimes of the electrogenerated coreactant radicals. The electrochemical stimulus used for luminescence g...

Mapping electrogenerated chemiluminescence reactivity in space: mechanistic insight into model systems used in immunoassays

Abstract: The remarkable characteristics of electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) as a readout method are successfully exploited in numerous microbead-based immunoassays. However there is still a lack of understanding of the extremely high sensitivity of such ECL bioassays. Here the mechanisms of the reaction of the Ru(bpy)32+ luminophore with two efficient co-reactants (TPrA or DBAE) were investigated by mapping the ECL reactivity at the level of single Ru(bpy)32+-functionalized beads. Micrometric non-conductive beads were decorated with the ruthenium label via a sandwich immunoassay or via a peptide bond. Mapping the ECL reactivity on one bead demonstrates the generation of the excited state at a micrometric distance from the electrode by reaction of surface-confined Ru(bpy)32+ with diffusing TPrA radicals. The signature of the TPA˙+ lifetime is obtained from the ECL profile. Unlike the reaction with Ru(bpy)32+ in solution, DBAE generates very low ECL intensity in the bead-based format suggesting more unstable radical intermediates. The 3D imaging approach provides insights into the ECL mechanistic route operating in bioassays and on the optical effects that focus the ECL emission.

Light-Emitting Electrochemical “Swimmers”†

Abstract: Swimmer in the dark: propulsion of a conducting object is intrinsically coupled with light emission using bipolar electrochemistry. Asymmetric redox activity on the surface of the swimmer (black bead) causes production of gas bubbles to propel the swimmer in a glass tube with simultaneous electrochemiluminescence (ECL) emission to monitor the progress of the swimmer.

3D electrogenerated chemiluminescence: from surface-confined reactions to bulk emission

Abstract: Among luminescence techniques, electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) provides a unique level of manipulation of the luminescent process by controlling the electrochemical trigger. Despite its attractiveness, ECL is by essence a 2D process where light emission is strictly confined to the electrode surface. To overcome this intrinsic limitation, we added a new spatial dimension to the ECL process by generating 3D ECL at the level of millions of micro-emitters dispersed in solution. Each single object is addressed remotely by bipolar electrochemistry and they generate collectively the luminescence in the bulk. Therefore, the entire volume of the solution produces light. To illustrate the generality of this concept, we extended it to a suspension of multi-walled carbon nanotubes where each one acts as an individual ECL nano-emitter. This approach enables a change of paradigm by switching from a surface-limited process to 3D electrogenerated light emission.

Recent advances in electrochemiluminescence

Abstract: The great success of electrochemiluminescence (ECL) for in vitro diagnosis (IVD) and its promising potential in light-emitting devices greatly promote recent ECL studies. More than 45% of ECL articles were published after 2010, and the first international meeting on ECL was held in Italy in 2014. This critical review discusses recent vibrant developments in ECL, and highlights novel ECL phenomena, such as wireless ECL devices, bipolar electrode-based ECL, light-emitting electrochemical swimmers, upconversion ECL, ECL resonance energy transfer, thermoresponsive ECL, ECL using shape-controlled nanocrystals, and ECL as an ion-selective electrode photonic reporter, a paper-based microchip, and a self-powered microfluidic ECL platform. We also comment on the latest progress in bioassays, light-emitting devices and, the computational approach for the ECL mechanism study. Finally, perspectives and key challenges in the near future are addressed (198 references).

Nano/micromotors in (bio)chemical science applications.

Abstract: The authors would like to acknowledge MINECO (formerly, MICINN) for the project grant MAT2011-25870. M.G. thanks MINECO (formerly, MICINN) for the predoctoral fellowship BES-2009-023939.

Recent Advances in Electrochemiluminescence Analysis.

Abstract: ■ CONTENTS Novel ECL Systems 358 Novel Organic Luminophores 358 Novel Inorganic Luminophores 359 Novel Nanomaterial System 360 Detection Methodologies and Signaling Amplification Strategies 361 General Detection Methodologies 361 Novel Signal Amplification Strategies 361 ECL Applications 362 Metal Ions Detection 362 Small Molecules Detection 362 ECL Immunoassay 363 ECL Genosensors 365 ECL Cytosensors 366 Conclusions and Outlooks 368 Author Information 369 Corresponding Author 369 ORCID 369 Author Contributions 369 Notes 369 Biographies 369 Acknowledgments 369 References 369

Bipolar Electrochemistry: From Materials Science to Motion and Beyond

Abstract: Bipolar electrochemistry, a phenomenon which generates an asymmetric reactivity onthe surface of conductive objects in a wireless manner, is an important concept for many purposes, from analysis to materials science as well as for the generation of motion. Chemists have known the basic concept for a long time, but it has recently attracted additional attention, especially in the context of micro- and nanoscience. In this Account, we introduce the fundamentals of bipolar electrochemistry and illustrate its recent applications, with a particular focus on the fields of materials science and dynamic systems.Janus particles, named after the Roman god depicted with two faces, are currently in theheart of many original investigations. These objects exhibit different physicochemical properties on two opposite sides. This makes them a unique class of materials, showing interesting features. They have received increasing attention from the materials science community, since they can be used for a large variety of a...