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Mircea Lupusoru

Bio: Mircea Lupusoru is an academic researcher from Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy. The author has contributed to research in topics: Variety (cybernetics) & Neural engineering. The author has an hindex of 1, co-authored 5 publications receiving 4 citations.

Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This work presents AI clinical applications in a comprehensive manner, discussing the recent literature studies classified according to medical specialties, and the challenges and limitations hindering AI integration in the clinical setting are pointed out.
Abstract: Artificial intelligence has the potential to revolutionize modern society in all its aspects. Encouraged by the variety and vast amount of data that can be gathered from patients (e.g., medical images, text, and electronic health records), researchers have recently increased their interest in developing AI solutions for clinical care. Moreover, a diverse repertoire of methods can be chosen towards creating performant models for use in medical applications, ranging from disease prediction, diagnosis, and prognosis to opting for the most appropriate treatment for an individual patient. In this respect, the present paper aims to review the advancements reported at the convergence of AI and clinical care. Thus, this work presents AI clinical applications in a comprehensive manner, discussing the recent literature studies classified according to medical specialties. In addition, the challenges and limitations hindering AI integration in the clinical setting are further pointed out.

26 citations

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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reviewed the literature data on the epidemiology, pathogenesis and management of this disease and identified several aspects related to the difficulties encountered in diagnosing this pathology, taking into consideration that the disease is not endemic in this geographical area.
Abstract: Hantavirus infection belongs to a group of zoonoses rare in the Balkan Peninsula, causing two major syndromes, depending on the viral serotype involved: Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) also known as endemic nephropathy and cardiopulmonary syndrome (CPS). Because there is no specific treatment or vaccine for this condition approved in the USA or Europe, the key to minimizing the risk of adverse progression to chronic kidney disease, secondary hypertension or even death is primarily the recognition and early diagnosis of this condition with prompt therapeutic intervention. The aim of this study was to review the literature data on the epidemiology, pathogenesis and management of this disease and to identify several aspects related to the difficulties encountered in diagnosing this pathology, taking into consideration that the disease is not endemic in this geographical area.

5 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The objective is to develop a novel method of approaching the arthroscopic treatment of osteochondral lesions within the knee joint by using mathematics as a way of understanding the geometry involved in the knee, both in normal and degenerated knee joint surfaces.
Abstract: Our objective is to develop a novel method of approaching the arthroscopic treatment of osteochondral lesions within the knee joint by using mathematics as a way of understanding the geometry involved in the knee, both in normal and degenerated knee joint surfaces. Bone and cartilage lesions are frequent, whether as a result of trauma, degenerative pathology, vascular pathology (osteocondritis dissecans) or tumoral. In all cases, a defect can be repaired arthroscopically, if it has manageable dimensions and if the surgeon has the technological means and the necessary skills, through the use of grafts (autografts or allografts). Alternatively, a lesion that may be approached arthroscopically initially could prove to be too great for repair and may need a second intervention for reconstruction with an endoprosthesis. We aim to further deepen the surgeon�s understanding of this pathology, through the use of 3D technology as a way of representing the osteochondral defect. Thus, its dimensions and position may be better understood, and the surgical intervention may be better planned out, potentially resulting in a shorter operating time and an overall superior outcome for the patient, and even potentially diminishing the number of unnecessary surgeries performed.

5 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors reviewed the literature data regarding the epidemiology and management of acute kidney injury in cancer patients, the extracorporeal techniques used, choice of the appropriate therapy and the optimal time of initiation, and also the dose-prognosis relationship.
Abstract: Cancer patients are at high risk for developing acute kidney injury (AKI), which is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in these patients. Despite the progress made in understanding the pathogenic mechanisms and etiology of AKI in these patients, the main prevention consists of avoiding medication and nephrotoxic agents such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, contrast agents used in medical imaging and modulation of chemotherapy regimens; when prophylactic measures are overcome and renal impairment becomes unresponsive to treatment, renal replacement therapy (RRT) is required. There are several methods of RRT that can be utilized for patients with malignancies and acute renal impairment; the choice of treatment being based on the patient characteristics. The aim of this article is to review the literature data regarding the epidemiology and management of AKI in cancer patients, the extracorporeal techniques used, choice of the appropriate therapy and the optimal time of initiation, and also the dose-prognosis relationship.

2 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Careful assessment of granulomatous appendicitis is needed in order to establish its possible etiology and to initiate the adequate treatment and to strongly support the importance of the histopathological examination of the entirely removed appendix.
Abstract: Granulomatous appendicitis is a very rare entity in children. It is related to Crohn’s disease in only 5-10% of the cases. The diagnosis of Crohn’s disease is a real challenge in the pediatric population, especially when its initial manifestation is acute appendicitis. Herein, we present a 13-year-old boy admitted for acute appendicitis. The histopathological examination was conclusive for acute granulomatous appendicitis. The development of an entero-cutaneous fistula has complicated the postoperative evolution. The failure of the conservative management required ileocecal resection. The pathological examination revealed Crohn’s disease. The one-year follow-up on the patient din not reveal any complications. We strongly support the importance of the histopathological examination of the entirely removed appendix. Careful assessment of granulomatous appendicitis is needed in order to establish its possible etiology and to initiate the adequate treatment.

1 citations


Cited by
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The most common antioxidants, enzymatic as well as non-enzymatic, have been mentioned in this paper as therapeutic options for the discussed disorders.
Abstract: Oxidative stress has been linked with a variety of diseases, being involved in the debut and/or progress of several neurodegenerative disorders. This review intends to summarize some of the findings that correlate the overproduction of reactive oxygen species with the pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Oxidative stress was also noted to modify the inflammatory response. Even though oxidative stress and neuroinflammation are two totally different pathological events, they are linked and affect one another. Nonetheless, there are still several mechanisms that need to be understood regarding the onset and the progress of neurodegenerative diseases in order to develop efficient therapies. As antioxidants are a means to alter oxidative stress and slow down the symptoms of these neurodegenerative diseases, the most common antioxidants, enzymatic as well as non-enzymatic, have been mentioned in this paper as therapeutic options for the discussed disorders.

71 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The present paper aims to describe the most important neurotransmitters, broadly classified into canonical (e.g., amino acids, monoamines, acetylcholine, purines, soluble gases, neuropeptides) and noncanonical neurotransmits, and explain their link with some of the most relevant neurological conditions.
Abstract: Neurotransmitters are molecules that amplify, transmit, and convert signals in cells, having an essential role in information transmission throughout the nervous system. Hundreds of such chemicals have been discovered in the last century, continuing to be identified and studied concerning their action on brain health. These substances have been observed to influence numerous functions, including emotions, thoughts, memories, learning, and movements. Thus, disturbances in neurotransmitters’ homeostasis started being correlated with a plethora of neurological and neurodegenerative disorders. In this respect, the present paper aims to describe the most important neurotransmitters, broadly classified into canonical (e.g., amino acids, monoamines, acetylcholine, purines, soluble gases, neuropeptides) and noncanonical neurotransmitters (e.g., exosomes, steroids, D-aspartic acid), and explain their link with some of the most relevant neurological conditions. Moreover, a brief overview of the recently developed neurotransmitters’ detection methods is offered, followed by several considerations on the modulation of these substances towards restoring homeostasis.

24 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The properties of interest of CDs for designing performant nanocarriers are presented, further reviewing some of the most recent potential applications of CD-based delivery systems in cancer management.
Abstract: Encompassing a group of complex and heterogeneous diseases, cancer continues to be a challenge for patients and healthcare systems worldwide. Thus, it is of vital importance to develop advanced treatment strategies that could reduce the trends of cancer-associated morbidity and mortality rates. Scientists have focused on creating performant delivery vehicles for anti-cancer agents. Among the possible materials, cyclodextrins (CDs) attracted increasing interest over the past few years, leading to the emergence of promising anti-tumor nanomedicines. Tackling their advantageous chemical structure, ease of modification, natural origin, biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, and commercial availability, researchers investigated CD-based therapeutical formulations against many types of cancer. In this respect, in this paper, we briefly present the properties of interest of CDs for designing performant nanocarriers, further reviewing some of the most recent potential applications of CD-based delivery systems in cancer management.

9 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors provide a comprehensive overview of various machine learning techniques, their current implementations and approaches in different diagnostic subfields (e.g., cytogenetics, molecular genetics), and the limitations and unresolved challenges of the systems.

8 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The scientific data is reviewed on the updated definition of TLS, epidemiology, pathogenesis, and recognition of patients at risk of developing TLS, as well as to point out the recent advances in TLS treatment.
Abstract: Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is a common cause of acute kidney injury in patients with malignancies, and it is a frequent condition for which the nephrologist is consulted in the case of the hospitalized oncological patient. Recognizing the patients at risk of developing TLS is essential, and so is the prophylactic treatment. The initiation of treatment for TLS is a medical emergency that must be addressed in a multidisciplinary team (oncologist, nephrologist, critical care physician) in order to reduce the risk of death and that of chronic renal impairment. TLS can occur spontaneously in the case of high tumor burden or may be caused by the initiation of highly efficient anti-tumor therapies, such as chemotherapy, radiation therapy, dexamethasone, monoclonal antibodies, CAR-T therapy, or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. It is caused by lysis of tumor cells and the release of cellular components in the circulation, resulting in electrolytes and metabolic disturbances that can lead to organ dysfunction and even death. The aim of this paper is to review the scientific data on the updated definition of TLS, epidemiology, pathogenesis, and recognition of patients at risk of developing TLS, as well as to point out the recent advances in TLS treatment.

7 citations