Author
Modesto Gayo-Cal
Bio: Modesto Gayo-Cal is an academic researcher from Diego Portales University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Population & Cultural capital. The author has an hindex of 7, co-authored 9 publications receiving 1255 citations.
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14 Feb 2009TL;DR: Culture, Class, Distinction as mentioned in this paper examines the role played by culture in the relationships between class, gender and ethnicity in contemporary Britain and its findings promise a major revaluation of the legacy of Pierre Bourdieu's account of the relationship between class and culture.
Abstract: Drawing on the first systematic study of cultural capital in contemporary Britain, 'Culture, Class, Distinction' examines the role played by culture in the relationships between class, gender and ethnicity. Its findings promise a major revaluation of the legacy of Pierre Bourdieu's account of the relationships between class and culture.
724 citations
TL;DR: The authors explored the coherence of the omnivore thesis and found that there is a sector of the population of western countries who do and like a greater variety of forms of culture than previously, and that broad engagement reflects emerging values of tolerance and undermines snobbery.
Abstract: The concept of omnivorousness has become influential in the sociologies of culture and consumption, cited variously as evidence of altered hierarchies in cultural participation and as indicative of broader socio-cultural changes. The ‘omnivore thesis’ contends that there is a sector of the population of western countries who do and like a greater variety of forms of culture than previously, and that this broad engagement reflects emerging values of tolerance and undermines snobbery. This article draws on the findings of a study of cultural participation in the UK to explore the coherence of the omnivore thesis. It uses a survey to identify and isolate omnivores, and then proceeds to explore the meanings of omnivorousness through the analysis of in-depth, qualitative interviews with them. It concludes that, while there is evidence of wide cultural participation within the UK, the figure of the omnivore is less singularly distinctive than some studies have suggested.
286 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a study of cultural tastes and participation in the UK to explore the characteristics of the cultural omnivore was carried out and the findings from a new study of culture and participation were explored.
133 citations
TL;DR: This article identified omnivorousness in terms of both volume and composition of preferences in the UK in 2003-2004 and concluded that there is a section of the population whose preferences span the categories of the legitimate, the common and the unauthorised.
101 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors employ multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) to map cultural participation and taste in the UK and construct a space of lifestyles from evidence collected in a national random sample survey of the British population in 2003.
Abstract: This paper employs Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA) to map cultural participation and taste in the UK. It constructs what Bourdieu calls a space of lifestyles from evidence collected in a national random sample survey of the British population in 2003. MCA constructs the space relationally on the basis of similarities and differences in responses to questions about a large number of cultural items in several sub‐fields including music, reading, TV and recreational activity. These items are mapped along two axes and their clustering indicates affinities between tastes and practices across sub‐fields. The cultural patterns are described. We then superimpose socio‐demographic variables, including class, educational qualifications and age, the distribution of which indicates tendencies for certain categories of person to have shared tastes. The analysis reveals meaningful, socially differentiated patterns of taste. The space of lifestyles proves to be structured primarily by the total volume of capital ...
60 citations
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TL;DR: The authors used latent class analysis on these variables to derive seven classes of social class in the UK, and demonstrate the existence of an elite class whose wealth separates them from an established middle class, as well as a class of technical experts.
Abstract: The social scientific analysis of social class is attracting renewed interest given the accentuation of economic and social inequalities throughout the world. The most widely validated measure of social class, the Nuffield class schema, developed in the 1970s, was codified in the UK’s National Statistics Socio-Economic Classification (NS-SEC) and places people in one of seven main classes according to their occupation and employment status. This principally distinguishes between people working in routine or semi-routine occupations employed on a ‘labour contract’ on the one hand, and those working in professional or managerial occupations employed on a ‘service contract’ on the other. However, this occupationally based class schema does not effectively capture the role of social and cultural processes in generating class divisions. We analyse the largest survey of social class ever conducted in the UK, the BBC’s 2011 Great British Class Survey, with 161,400 web respondents, as well as a nationally representative sample survey, which includes unusually detailed questions asked on social, cultural and economic capital. Using latent class analysis on these variables, we derive seven classes. We demonstrate the existence of an ‘elite’, whose wealth separates them from an established middle class, as well as a class of technical experts and a class of ‘new affluent’ workers. We also show that at the lower levels of the class structure, alongside an ageing traditional working class, there is a ‘precariat’ characterised by very low levels of capital, and a group of emergent service workers. We think that this new seven class model recognises both social polarisation in British society and class fragmentation in its middle layers, and will attract enormous interest from a wide social scientific community in offering an up-to-date multi-dimensional model of social class.
877 citations
TL;DR: This paper argues that privacy behavior is an upshot of both social influences and personal incentives, and takes the preference for privacy itself as the unit of analysis, and analyzes the factors that are predictive of a student having a private versus public profile.
Abstract: The rapid growth of contemporary social network sites (SNSs) has coincided with an increasing concern over personal privacy. College students and adolescents routinely provide personal information on profiles that can be viewed by large numbers of unknown people and potentially used in harmful ways. SNSs like Facebook and MySpace allow users to control the privacy level of their profile, thus limiting access to this information. In this paper, we take the preference for privacy itself as our unit of analysis, and analyze the factors that are predictive of a student having a private versus public profile. Drawing upon a new social network dataset based on Facebook, we argue that privacy behavior is an upshot of both social influences and personal incentives. Students are more likely to have a private profile if their friends and roommates have them; women are more likely to have private profiles than are men; and having a private profile is associated with a higher level of online activity. Finally, students who have private versus public profiles are characterized by au nique set ofcultural preferences—of which the ‘‘taste for privacy’’ may be only as mall but integral part.
608 citations
TL;DR: The authors reviewed a large number of recent studies that have been described as based on mixed methods and argued that, although mixed methods research is by no means new, empirical studies today combine methods in more diverse and, at times, innovative ways.
Abstract: The present article selectively reviews the large number of recent studies that have been described as based on mixed methods. I begin by discussing a body of work that has emerged to promote mixed methods research across the social sciences. I then review and critique empirical studies in each of two general approaches to mixed methods: mixed data–collection studies, which combine two or more kinds of data; and mixed data–analysis studies, which combine two or more analytical strategies, examine qualitative data with quantitative methods, or explore quantitative data with qualitative techniques. I argue that, although mixed methods research is by no means new, empirical studies today combine methods in more diverse and, at times, innovative ways. Nevertheless, important methodological tensions will likely surface as the research becomes more self-reflexive.
596 citations
TL;DR: The authors argue that migration results in new ways of producing and re-producing (mobilizing, enacting, validating) cultural capital that builds on, rather than simply mirrors, power relations of either country of origin or the country of migration.
Abstract: A Bourdieusian concept of cultural capital is used to investigate the transformations and contestations of migrants’ cultural capital. Research often treated migrants’ cultural capital as reified and ethnically bounded, assuming they bring a set of cultural resources from the country of origin to the country of migration that either fit or do not fit. Critiquing such ‘rucksack approaches’, I argue that migration results in new ways of producing and re-producing (mobilizing, enacting, validating) cultural capital that builds on, rather than simply mirrors, power relations of either the country of origin or the country of migration. Migrants create mechanisms of validation for their cultural capital, negotiating both ethnic majority and migrant institutions and networks. Migration-specific cultural capital (re-)produces intra-migrant differentiations of gender, ethnicity and class, in the process creating modes of validation alternative to national capital.The argument builds on case studies of skilled Turk...
492 citations