Mohamed A. Abdel-Wahab

Bio: Mohamed A. Abdel-Wahab is an academic researcher from King Saud University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Marine fungi & Robustness (computer science). The author has an hindex of 11, co-authored 42 publications receiving 322 citations. Previous affiliations of Mohamed A. Abdel-Wahab include Aswan University & Sohag University.

Biocontrol of Meloidogyne javanica on Tomato Plants by Hypocrea lixii (the Teleomorph of Trichoderma harzianum)

Abstract: In the present study, we studied the biocontrol potential of Trichoderma harzianum (its teleomorph is Hypocrea lixii) against the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica. T. harzianum used in this study was confirmed using the phylogenetic analyses of the LSU rDNA sequence. T. harzianum was grouped consistently with its teleomorph H. lixii in a highly supported clade within the family Hypocreaceae. Eggs treatment with H. lixii at 107 colony forming unit per mL (cfu/mL) infected 89.2% of eggs compared with 0.4% in the control. In addition, the fungus decreased the egg-hatching rate by 8.8%. Treatment of M. javanica second stage (J2) with culture filtrates of H. lixii caused 64.5% mortality of J2 in after 72 h of exposure. Under greenhouse conditions, all treatments reduced disease severity and enhanced plant growth compared with the untreated control. H. lixii reduced the number of galls (49), the number of egg masses (32.8), and the number of eggs per egg mass (399.8) compared to the inoculated control. Plant height, root length, and the fresh and dry plant weights were significantly reduced by infection with M. javanica; however, prior application of H. lixii prevented this reduction. Application of the fungus not only had a toxic effect on the nematode but also enhanced plant growth, supplying many nutritional elements and inducing systemic resistance in the plants. We demonstrated that application of H. lixii to the soil at a concentration of 106 or 107 cfu/mL is required for sufficient biocontrol of M. javanica.

A novel robust watermarking scheme for copyright-proving

Abstract: In this paper, a new wavelet-based copyright proving scheme is proposed. The original image is not required for watermark verification. Moreover, the proposed scheme does not introduce any visual quality degradation into the original image; however, a feature is extracted from the original image and mixed with the watermark to generate a secret key. This secret key is registered for verification. The feature of the image is extracted from the approximation subband in the t-level of the wavelet decomposition. A series of experiments are conducted to prove the robustness property. The results show that this proposed scheme has high robustness under heavy image signal processing attacks and geometric transformation attacks. Moreover, the experimental results show that our scheme outperforms recent works in most cases.

Khaleijomyces marinus gen . et sp . nov . (Juncigenaceae, Torpedosporales) a new lignicolous marine fungus from Saudi Arabia

Abstract: During an ongoing study of marine fungi from Saudi Arabia, an undescribed taxon was recorded on driftwood collected from intertidal zone at El Khobar sea front, Dammam city, Saudi Arabia. A new taxon, Khaleijomyces, is described in here as a new genus and a new species, K. marinus is established. Phylogenetic analyses of a combined SSU and LSU rDNA dataset position the new genus within the family Juncigenaceae, Torpedosporales. Other phylogenetic related genera are: Fulvocentrum , Juncigena and Marinokulati . The morphology of Khaleijomyces is different from the above three genera and it is characterized by apricot to reddish-brown, membranous, superficial to immersed ascomata with long, periphysate necks; faint apricot-color ascomatal venter, a common character in members of Torpedosporales; hamathecium consists of pseudoparenchymatous tissue that breaks down into catenophyses; cymbiform to fusiform, thin-walled asci, without apical apparatus; hyaline, multi-guttulate and unicellular ascospores when young becoming light-brown to brown in color and 1–4 septate in old specimens.

On Path Planning using Minimal Aesthetic B-Spline Curves

Abstract: Path planning plays a key role for comfortability and safety in driving, and for autonomy in robotics. Most path planning methods study the problem on how to obtain minimal paths given global and local information of the environment; and to consider smoothness, the study on energy minimization on curvature is conventional. In this paper, we propose path planning using aesthetic Bspline curves to render minimal-length and smooth paths that avoid obstacles. Computational results in arbitrary polygonal environments show that our proposed approach is feasible.

Families of Dothideomycetes

Abstract: Dothideomycetes comprise a highly diverse range of fungi characterized mainly by asci with two wall layers (bitunicate asci) and often with fissitunicate dehiscence. Many species are saprobes, with many asexual states comprising important plant pathogens. They are also endophytes, epiphytes, fungicolous, lichenized, or lichenicolous fungi. They occur in terrestrial, freshwater and marine habitats in almost every part of the world. We accept 105 families in Dothideomycetes with the new families Anteagloniaceae, Bambusicolaceae, Biatriosporaceae, Lichenoconiaceae, Muyocopronaceae, Paranectriellaceae, Roussoellaceae, Salsugineaceae, Seynesiopeltidaceae and Thyridariaceae introduced in this paper. Each family is provided with a description and notes, including asexual and asexual states, and if more than one genus is included, the type genus is also characterized. Each family is provided with at least one figure-plate, usually illustrating the type genus, a list of accepted genera, including asexual genera, and a key to these genera. A phylogenetic tree based on four gene combined analysis add support for 64 of the families and 22 orders, including the novel orders, Dyfrolomycetales, Lichenoconiales, Lichenotheliales, Monoblastiales, Natipusillales, Phaeotrichales and Strigulales. The paper is expected to provide a working document on Dothideomycetes which can be modified as new data comes to light. It is hoped that by illustrating types we provide stimulation and interest so that more work is carried out in this remarkable group of fungi.

Fungal diversity notes 111–252—taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions to fungal taxa

Abstract: Notes on 113 fungal taxa are compiled in this paper, including 11 new genera, 89 new species, one new subspecies, three new combinations and seven reference specimens. A wide geographic and taxonomic range of fungal taxa are detailed. In the Ascomycota the new genera Angustospora (Testudinaceae), Camporesia (Xylariaceae), Clematidis, Crassiparies (Pleosporales genera incertae sedis), Farasanispora, Longiostiolum (Pleosporales genera incertae sedis), Multilocularia (Parabambusicolaceae), Neophaeocryptopus (Dothideaceae), Parameliola (Pleosporales genera incertae sedis), and Towyspora (Lentitheciaceae) are introduced. Newly introduced species are Angustospora nilensis, Aniptodera aquibella, Annulohypoxylon albidiscum, Astrocystis thailandica, Camporesia sambuci, Clematidis italica, Colletotrichum menispermi, C. quinquefoliae, Comoclathris pimpinellae, Crassiparies quadrisporus, Cytospora salicicola, Diatrype thailandica, Dothiorella rhamni, Durotheca macrostroma, Farasanispora avicenniae, Halorosellinia rhizophorae, Humicola koreana, Hypoxylon lilloi, Kirschsteiniothelia tectonae, Lindgomyces okinawaensis, Longiostiolum tectonae, Lophiostoma pseudoarmatisporum, Moelleriella phukhiaoensis, M. pongdueatensis, Mucoharknessia anthoxanthi, Multilocularia bambusae, Multiseptospora thysanolaenae, Neophaeocryptopus cytisi, Ocellularia arachchigei, O. ratnapurensis, Ochronectria thailandica, Ophiocordyceps karstii, Parameliola acaciae, P. dimocarpi, Parastagonospora cumpignensis, Pseudodidymosphaeria phlei, Polyplosphaeria thailandica, Pseudolachnella brevifusiformis, Psiloglonium macrosporum, Rhabdodiscus albodenticulatus, Rosellinia chiangmaiensis, Saccothecium rubi, Seimatosporium pseudocornii, S. pseudorosae, Sigarispora ononidis and Towyspora aestuari. New combinations are provided for Eutiarosporella dactylidis (sexual morph described and illustrated) and Pseudocamarosporium pini. Descriptions, illustrations and / or reference specimens are designated for Aposphaeria corallinolutea, Cryptovalsa ampelina, Dothiorella vidmadera, Ophiocordyceps formosana, Petrakia echinata, Phragmoporthe conformis and Pseudocamarosporium pini. The new species of Basidiomycota are Agaricus coccyginus, A. luteofibrillosus, Amanita atrobrunnea, A. digitosa, A. gleocystidiosa, A. pyriformis, A. strobilipes, Bondarzewia tibetica, Cortinarius albosericeus, C. badioflavidus, C. dentigratus, C. duboisensis, C. fragrantissimus, C. roseobasilis, C. vinaceobrunneus, C. vinaceogrisescens, C. wahkiacus, Cyanoboletus hymenoglutinosus, Fomitiporia atlantica, F. subtilissima, Ganoderma wuzhishanensis, Inonotus shoreicola, Lactifluus armeniacus, L. ramipilosus, Leccinum indoaurantiacum, Musumecia alpina, M. sardoa, Russula amethystina subp. tengii and R. wangii are introduced. Descriptions, illustrations, notes and / or reference specimens are designated for Clarkeinda trachodes, Dentocorticium ussuricum, Galzinia longibasidia, Lentinus stuppeus and Leptocorticium tenellum. The other new genera, species new combinations are Anaeromyces robustus, Neocallimastix californiae and Piromyces finnis from Neocallimastigomycota, Phytophthora estuarina, P. rhizophorae, Salispina, S. intermedia, S. lobata and S. spinosa from Oomycota, and Absidia stercoraria, Gongronella orasabula, Mortierella calciphila, Mucor caatinguensis, M. koreanus, M. merdicola and Rhizopus koreanus in Zygomycota.

Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa

Abstract: This article provides an outline of the classification of the kingdom Fungi (including fossil fungi. i.e. dispersed spores, mycelia, sporophores, mycorrhizas). We treat 19 phyla of fungi. These are Aphelidiomycota, Ascomycota, Basidiobolomycota, Basidiomycota, Blastocladiomycota, Calcarisporiellomycota, Caulochytriomycota, Chytridiomycota, Entomophthoromycota, Entorrhizomycota, Glomeromycota, Kickxellomycota, Monoblepharomycota, Mortierellomycota, Mucoromycota, Neocallimastigomycota, Olpidiomycota, Rozellomycota and Zoopagomycota. The placement of all fungal genera is provided at the class-, order- and family-level. The described number of species per genus is also given. Notes are provided of taxa for which recent changes or disagreements have been presented. Fungus-like taxa that were traditionally treated as fungi are also incorporated in this outline (i.e. Eumycetozoa, Dictyosteliomycetes, Ceratiomyxomycetes and Myxomycetes). Four new taxa are introduced: Amblyosporida ord. nov. Neopereziida ord. nov. and Ovavesiculida ord. nov. in Rozellomycota, and Protosporangiaceae fam. nov. in Dictyosteliomycetes. Two different classifications (in outline section and in discussion) are provided for Glomeromycota and Leotiomycetes based on recent studies. The phylogenetic reconstruction of a four-gene dataset (18S and 28S rRNA, RPB1, RPB2) of 433 taxa is presented, including all currently described orders of fungi.

Induction of terpenoid synthesis in cotton roots and control of Rhizoctonia solani by seed treatment with Trichoderma virens. [Erratum: 2003 Dec., v. 93, no. 12, p. 1606.]

Abstract: Research on the mechanisms employed by the biocontrol agent Trichoderma virens to suppress cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) seedling disease incited by Rhizoctonia solani has shown that mycoparasitism and antibiotic production are not major contributors to successful biological control. In this study, we examined the possibility that seed treatment with T. virens stimulates defense responses, as indicated by the synthesis of terpenoids in cotton roots. We also examined the role of these terpenoid compounds in disease control. Analysis of extracts of cotton roots and hypocotyls grown from T. virens-treated seed showed that terpenoid synthesis and peroxidase activity were increased in the roots of treated plants, but not in the hypocotyls of these plants or in the untreated controls. Bioassay of the terpenoids for toxicity to R. solani showed that the pathway intermediates desoxyhemigossypol (dHG) and hemigossypol (HG) were strongly inhibitory to the pathogen, while the final product gossypol (G) was toxic only at a much higher concentration. Strains of T. virens and T. koningii were much more resistant to HG than was R. solani, and they thoroughly colonized the cotton roots. A comparison of biocontrol efficacy and induction of terpenoid synthesis in cotton roots by strains of T. virens, T. koningii, T. harzianum, and protoplast fusants indicated that there was a strong correlation (+0.89) between these two phenomena. It, therefore, appears that induction of defense response, particularly terpenoid synthesis, in cotton roots by T. virens may be an important mechanism in the biological control by this fungus of R. solani-incited cotton seedling disease.