인공고관절의 세라믹 볼 헤드의 기계적 안정성 평가를 위한 3 차원 유한요소 해석

Microencapsulation is a process of building a functional barrier between the core and wall material to avoid chemical and physical reactions and to maintain the biological, functional, and physicochemical properties of core materials. Microencapsulation of marine, vegetable, and essential oils has been conducted and commercialized by employing different methods including emulsification, spray-drying, coaxial electrospray system, freeze-drying, coacervation, in situ polymerization, melt-extrusion, supercritical fluid technology, and fluidized-bed-coating. Spray-drying and coacervation are the most commonly used techniques for the microencapsulation of oils. The choice of an appropriate microencapsulation technique and wall material depends upon the end use of the product and the processing conditions involved. Microencapsulation has the ability to enhance the oxidative stability, thermostability, shelf-life, and biological activity of oils. In addition, it can also be helpful in controlling the volatility and release properties of essential oils. Microencapsulated marine, vegetable, and essential oils have found broad applications in various fields. This review describes the recognized benefits and functional properties of various oils, microencapsulation techniques, and application of encapsulated oils in various food, pharmaceutical, and even textile products. Moreover, this review may provide information to researchers working in the field of food, pharmacy, agronomy, engineering, and nutrition who are interested in microencapsulation of oils.

Microencapsulation of Oils: A Comprehensive Review of Benefits, Techniques, and Applications

Silver Nanoparticles: Therapeutical Uses, Toxicity, and Safety Issues

There are alarming reports of growing microbial resistance to all classes of antimicrobial agents used against different infections. Also the existing classes of anticancer drugs used against different tumours warrant the urgent search for more effective alternative agents for treatment. Broad-spectrum bioactivities of silver nanoparticles indicate their potential to solve many microbial resistance problems up to a certain extent. The antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antiprotozoal, acaricidal, larvicidal, lousicidal and anticancer activities of silver nanoparticles have recently attracted the attention of scientists all over the world. The aim of the present review is to discuss broad-spectrum multifunctional activities of silver nanoparticles and stress their therapeutic potential as smart nanomedicine. Much emphasis has been dedicated to the antimicrobial and anticancer potential of silver nanoparticles showing their promising characteristics for treatment, prophylaxis and control of infections, as well as for diagnosis and treatment of different cancer types.

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Broad-spectrum bioactivities of silver nanoparticles: the emerging trends and future prospects

The logic, methodological and practical limitations in the current benefit concept in the harm-benefit-analysis : an investigation in the context of the EU directive 2010/63 on the protection of animals used for scientific purposes

Application of sodium alginate extracted from a Tunisian brown algae Padina pavonica for essential oil encapsulation: Microspheres preparation, characterization and in vitro release study

A novel approach for the development and optimization of self emulsifying drug delivery system using HLB and response surface methodology: application to fenofibrate encapsulation.

– Purpose. Oral drug administration remains the most common and most convenient way used in clinical therapy. The availability of a simple, rapid, economic and reproducible in vitro method to assess drug absorption is a very helpful tool. The purpose of this study is to compare the performance of Sartorius SM 16750 Absorption Simulator apparatus to Everted Gut Sac (EGS) technique in terms of predicting drug absorption. Methods. Permeation studies across these two in vitro models were performed with six drugs selected across the Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) categories: Tramadol (class I of BCS), doxcycycline (class I of BCS), diclofenac (class II of BCS), clopidogrel (class II of BCS), metformin (class III of BCS) and chlorothiazide (class IV of BCS). Results. Apparent permeability coefficient (Papp) and diffusion profiles obtained with EGS and Sartorius SM 16750 apparatus were similar for diclofenac and metformine. But there were differences in results, for the other molecules. Conclusion. It could be concluded that the Sartorius SM 16750 apparatus, easier to carry out, could be an alternative to EGS when drug passage across intestinal barrier occurs by passive diffusion and when no efflux system is implicated in limiting the transepithelial passage.

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Comparative study of two in vitro methods for assessing drug absorption: Sartorius SM 16750 apparatus versus Everted Gut Sac.

Objectives Clopidogrel, a thienopyridine antiplatelet agent, is a poor aqueous soluble compound and a P-glycoprotein (P-gp) efflux pump substrate. These two factors are responsible for its incomplete intestinal absorption. In this study, we have attempted to enhance the absorption of clopidogrel by improving its solubility and by inhibiting intestinal P-gp activity.



Methods  Solubility enhancement was achieved by preparing solid dispersions. Quinidine and naringin were selected as P-gp inhibitors, whilst tartaric acid was selected as the intestinal absorption enhancer. Absorption studies were performed using the everted gut sac model prepared from rat jejunum. The determination of clopidogrel was performed by high performance liquid chromatography.



Key findings  We noticed an enhancement of clopidogrel absorption by improving its solubility or by inhibiting the P-gp activity. The greatest results were obtained for solid dispersions in the presence of P-gp inhibitors at their highest concentrations, with an absorption improvement of 3.41- and 3.91-fold for naringin (15 mg/kg) and quinidine (200 µm), respectively. However, no clopidogrel absorption enhancement occurred in the presence of tartaric acid.



Conclusions  Naringin, a natural compound which has no undesirable side effects as compared with quinidine, could be used as a pharmaceutical excipient in the presence of clopidogrel solid dispersions to increase clopidogrel intestinal absorption and therefore its oral bioavailability.

Absorption enhancement studies of clopidogrel hydrogen sulphate in rat everted gut sacs.

The medical uses of textile fibers and fabric forms keep on growing. Today, the knits can be used in the medical field. The aim of this present work was to prepare compressive knits, impregnated by ethylcellulose (EC) microcapsules, for the burnt skin. Ethylcellulose microcapsules containing jojoba oil were prepared via the phase separation method. Jojoba oil was chosen because it plays an essential role in skin hydration and avoids the sebum accumulation. Ethylcellulose microcapsules obtained were grafted on two different compressive knit surfaces by impregnation, using the Acrylic Resin (AR) as binder. The prepared microcapsules were analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The stability of the microcapsules, the efficiency of the microencapsulation method and the jojoba oil content determination were also investigated. This method of application improved the fabric surface and permitted in maximum the preserving of initial characteristics of knit, such as touch, flexibility and lightness.

Mohamed Ali Lassoued

Papers

Application of sodium alginate extracted from a Tunisian brown algae Padina pavonica for essential oil encapsulation: Microspheres preparation, characterization and in vitro release study

A novel approach for the development and optimization of self emulsifying drug delivery system using HLB and response surface methodology: application to fenofibrate encapsulation.

Comparative study of two in vitro methods for assessing drug absorption: Sartorius SM 16750 apparatus versus Everted Gut Sac.

Absorption enhancement studies of clopidogrel hydrogen sulphate in rat everted gut sacs.

Impregnation of Ethylcellulose Microcapsules Containing Jojoba Oil onto Compressive Knits Developed for High Burns