Author
Mohamed Rafiullah
Other affiliations: Hamdard University
Bio: Mohamed Rafiullah is an academic researcher from King Saud University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Medicine & Internal medicine. The author has an hindex of 9, co-authored 18 publications receiving 230 citations. Previous affiliations of Mohamed Rafiullah include Hamdard University.
Papers
More filters
TL;DR: Prevalence of UTI is more in diabetic females and diabetics with BMI above 30 kg/m2, and the other risk factors associated with UTI in general diabetic population were found to be microalbumniuria, hypertension and insulin therapy.
Abstract: The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of urinary tract infection (UTI) and its risk factors among Saudi diabetics. A total of 1,000 diabetic patients were included. Patients were interviewed and examined at each visit every 6 months. The prevalence of UTI was 25.3 % in total diabetic population and 7.2 and 41.1 % in males and females, respectively. Females have highest risk of UTI (RR = 6.102; CI = 4.343–8.573; P < 0.001). Age, duration of diabetes and HbA1c did not influence the incidence of UTI, while BMI above 30 kg/m2 increased the risk (RR = 1.722; CI = 1.532–1.935; P < 0.001). The incidence of UTI in both type 1 and 2 diabetics was similar (23.7 and 25.6 %). There was no significant risk in patients aged above 60 years (RR = 1.054; CI = 0.841–1.321; P = 0.651). The risk factors found to be associated with UTI were hypertension (RR = 1.202; CI = 1.061–1.361; P = 0.006), insulin therapy (RR = 1.411; CI = 1.262–1.578; P < 0.001) and nephropathy (microalbuminuria) (RR = 1.417; CI = 1.036–1.939; P = 0.031). The present study has shown that prevalence of UTI is more in diabetic females and diabetics with BMI above 30 kg/m2. The other risk factors associated with UTI in general diabetic population were found to be microalbumniuria, hypertension and insulin therapy.
78 citations
TL;DR: This review covers 86 articles and reveals that most oral insulin formulations were obtained through poly-electrolytic complexation or chemical modification techniques and were effective in addressing the gastric and enzymatic barriers but were not as effective in overcoming the absorption barrier of the gastrointestinal tract.
Abstract: Introduction:There are several hurdles to oral insulin delivery (OID): mainly, enzymatic proteolysis, gastric degradation, and an absorption barrier. Researchers have been attempting to overcome these natural barriers through chitosan-based insulin formulations.Areas covered:In this paper, the authors review OID formulations to elucidate their techniques and evaluate their performance through a set of defined parameters and suggest overall outlooks and future directions. This review covers 86 articles and reveals that most oral insulin formulations were obtained through poly-electrolytic complexation or chemical modification techniques. The in-vitro results reported by the articles are mapped into a ‘30x70 performance window’ to distinguish the best OID formulations. The review shows that most formulations were effective in addressing the gastric and enzymatic barriers but were not as effective in overcoming the absorption barrier of the gastrointestinal tract.Expert opinion:Oral insulin delivery has been...
41 citations
TL;DR: The present method enables researchers to produce high-purity forskolin in their labs by using common chemicals to make the process rapid and economical.
23 citations
TL;DR: The effect of aqueous extracts of Syzygium cumini, Gymnema sylvestre, and Portulaca olearacea on oral glucose tolerance in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats was studied.
Abstract: The effect of aqueous extracts of Syzygium cumini. Linn., Gymnema sylvestre. (Retz.) Schult., and Portulaca olearacea. Linn. were investigated in fasting normal and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced dia...
21 citations
TL;DR: The HPTLC method was found to be simple, sensitive, precise, accurate and specific for estimation of tea tree oil from formulations.
18 citations
Cited by
More filters
TL;DR: Evidence suggests that better glycaemic control might reduce infection risk, but further longitudinal studies with more frequent measures of HbA1c are needed, and robust evidence from cohorts with sufficient numbers of older people would help to develop clinically relevant guidelines and targets.
211 citations
TL;DR: The new anti-diabetic sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors have not been found to significantly increase the risk of symptomatic urinary tract infections and there is no indication to treat diabetic patients with asymptomatic bacteriuria.
Abstract: Urinary tract infections are more common, more severe, and carry worse outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. They are also more often caused by resistant pathogens. Various impairments in the immune system, poor metabolic control, and incomplete bladder emptying due to autonomic neuropathy may all contribute to the enhanced risk of urinary tract infections in these patients. The new anti-diabetic sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors have not been found to significantly increase the risk of symptomatic urinary tract infections. Symptoms of urinary tract infection are similar to patients without diabetes, though some patients with diabetic neuropathy may have altered clinical signs. Treatment depends on several factors, including: presence of symptoms, severity of systemic symptoms, if infection is localized in the bladder or also involves the kidney, presence of urologic abnormalities, accompanying metabolic alterations, and renal function. There is no indication to treat diabetic patients with asymptomatic bacteriuria. Further studies are needed to improve the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes and urinary tract infections.
211 citations
TL;DR: The majority of those plants that have been studied for antidiabetic activity showed promising results, mainly for Bauhinia forficata and Syzygium cumini, but for most of the plants mentioned, the studies are not sufficient to guarantee the efficacy and safety in the use of these plants in the treatment against diabetes.
154 citations
TL;DR: The gymnemic acid of leaf and callus extracts significantly increases the regeneration of β-cells in treated rats, when compared with the standard diabetic rats, which could have potential as a pharmaceutical drug for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM).
108 citations
TL;DR: This review summarized the challenges toward the oral delivery systems including instability and poor permeability in gastrointestinal environment and recently developed chitosan-based nanocarriers administered via oral route were highlighted for protecting drugs against degradation, releasing drugs in small intestine, enhancing drug uptake, thus improving oral bioavailability.
104 citations