Mohsen Naghavi

Bio: Mohsen Naghavi is an academic researcher from Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation. The author has contributed to research in topics: Population & Mortality rate. The author has an hindex of 139, co-authored 381 publications receiving 169048 citations. Previous affiliations of Mohsen Naghavi include Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust & Public Health Foundation of India.

Variations in ischemic heart disease burden by age, country, and income: the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors 2010 study.

Abstract: Background: Ischemic heart disease (IHD) was the leading cause of disease burden worldwide in 2010. The majority of IHD burden affected middle-income regions. We hypothesized IHD burden may vary among countries, even within the same broad geographic region. Methods: Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) due to IHD were estimated at the region level for 7 “superregions,” 21 regions, and 187 countries using geographically nested models for IHD mortality and prevalent nonfatal IHD (nonfatal acute myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, or ischemic heart failure). Acute myocardial infarction, angina, and heart failure disability weights were applied to prevalent cases. Absolute numbers of DALYs and age-standardized DALYs per 100,000 persons were estimated for each region and country in 1990 and 2010. IHD burden for world regions was analyzed by country, income, and age. Results: About two-thirds of 2010 IHD DALYs affected middle-income countries. In the North Africa/Middle East and South Asia regions, which have high IHD burden, more than 29% of men and 24% of women struck by IHD were 1,000 per 100,000 increase) and South Asia region (>175 per 100,000). Age-standardized DALYs varied by up to 8-fold among countries, by about 9,000 per 100,000 among middle-income countries, about 7,400 among low-income countries, and about 4,300 among high-income countries. Conclusions: The majority of IHD burden in 2010 affected middle-income regions, where younger adults were more likely to develop IHD in regions such as South Asia and North Africa/Middle East. However, IHD burden varied substantially by country within regions, especially among middle-income countries. A global or regional approach to IHD prevention will not be sufficient; research and policy should focus on the highest burden countries within regions.

Variações e diferenciais da mortalidade por doença cardiovascular no Brasil e em seus estados, em 1990 e 2015: estimativas do Estudo Carga Global de Doença

Abstract: RESUMO: Objetivo: Analisar as variacoes e os diferenciais da mortalidade por doencas cardiovasculares (DCV) no Brasil e em seus estados, em 1990 e 2015. Metodos: Foram utilizados os dados de mortalidade compilados pelo Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2015, obtidos da base de dados do Sistema de Informacao sobre Mortalidade do Ministerio da Saude. Foram realizadas a correcao do sub-registro de obitos e a reclassificacao dos codigos garbage por meio de algoritmos especificos. As causas cardiovasculares foram subdivididas em 10 causas especificas. As taxas de mortalidade - dos anos 1990 e 2015 - foram padronizadas pela idade, de acordo com o sexo e o estado brasileiro. Resultados: A taxa de mortalidade por DCV padronizada por idade caiu de 429,5 (1990) para 256,0 (2015) a cada 100 mil habitantes (40,4%). A reducao proporcional foi semelhante em ambos os sexos, mas as taxas em homens sao substancialmente mais altas do que nas mulheres. A reducao da taxa padronizada por idade foi mais acentuada para a doenca cardiaca reumatica (44,5%), cardiopatia isquemica (43,9%) e doenca cerebrovascular (46,0%). A queda na mortalidade diferiu marcadamente entre os estados, sendo mais acentuada nos estados das regioes Sudeste e Sul do pais e no Distrito Federal, e atenuada nos estados do Norte e Nordeste. Conclusao: A mortalidade por DCV padronizada por idade reduziu no Brasil nas ultimas decadas, porem de forma heterogenea entre os estados e para diferentes causas especificas. Considerando a magnitude da carga de doenca e o envelhecimento da populacao brasileira, as politicas de enfrentamento das DCV devem ser priorizadas.

Cancer statistics, 2019.

Abstract: Each year, the American Cancer Society estimates the numbers of new cancer cases and deaths that will occur in the United States and compiles the most recent data on cancer incidence, mortality, and survival. Incidence data, available through 2015, were collected by the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program; the National Program of Cancer Registries; and the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries. Mortality data, available through 2016, were collected by the National Center for Health Statistics. In 2019, 1,762,450 new cancer cases and 606,880 cancer deaths are projected to occur in the United States. Over the past decade of data, the cancer incidence rate (2006-2015) was stable in women and declined by approximately 2% per year in men, whereas the cancer death rate (2007-2016) declined annually by 1.4% and 1.8%, respectively. The overall cancer death rate dropped continuously from 1991 to 2016 by a total of 27%, translating into approximately 2,629,200 fewer cancer deaths than would have been expected if death rates had remained at their peak. Although the racial gap in cancer mortality is slowly narrowing, socioeconomic inequalities are widening, with the most notable gaps for the most preventable cancers. For example, compared with the most affluent counties, mortality rates in the poorest counties were 2-fold higher for cervical cancer and 40% higher for male lung and liver cancers during 2012-2016. Some states are home to both the wealthiest and the poorest counties, suggesting the opportunity for more equitable dissemination of effective cancer prevention, early detection, and treatment strategies. A broader application of existing cancer control knowledge with an emphasis on disadvantaged groups would undoubtedly accelerate progress against cancer.

Cancer statistics, 2018

Abstract: Each year, the American Cancer Society estimates the numbers of new cancer cases and deaths that will occur in the United States and compiles the most recent data on cancer incidence, mortality, and survival. Incidence data, available through 2014, were collected by the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program; the National Program of Cancer Registries; and the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries. Mortality data, available through 2015, were collected by the National Center for Health Statistics. In 2018, 1,735,350 new cancer cases and 609,640 cancer deaths are projected to occur in the United States. Over the past decade of data, the cancer incidence rate (2005-2014) was stable in women and declined by approximately 2% annually in men, while the cancer death rate (2006-2015) declined by about 1.5% annually in both men and women. The combined cancer death rate dropped continuously from 1991 to 2015 by a total of 26%, translating to approximately 2,378,600 fewer cancer deaths than would have been expected if death rates had remained at their peak. Of the 10 leading causes of death, only cancer declined from 2014 to 2015. In 2015, the cancer death rate was 14% higher in non-Hispanic blacks (NHBs) than non-Hispanic whites (NHWs) overall (death rate ratio [DRR], 1.14; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.13-1.15), but the racial disparity was much larger for individuals aged <65 years (DRR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.29-1.32) compared with those aged ≥65 years (DRR, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.06-1.09) and varied substantially by state. For example, the cancer death rate was lower in NHBs than NHWs in Massachusetts for all ages and in New York for individuals aged ≥65 years, whereas for those aged <65 years, it was 3 times higher in NHBs in the District of Columbia (DRR, 2.89; 95% CI, 2.16-3.91) and about 50% higher in Wisconsin (DRR, 1.78; 95% CI, 1.56-2.02), Kansas (DRR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.25-1.81), Louisiana (DRR, 1.49; 95% CI, 1.38-1.60), Illinois (DRR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.39-1.57), and California (DRR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.38-1.54). Larger racial inequalities in young and middle-aged adults probably partly reflect less access to high-quality health care. CA Cancer J Clin 2018;68:7-30. © 2018 American Cancer Society.