Mojtaba Vaismoradi

Bio: Mojtaba Vaismoradi is an academic researcher from Nord University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Patient safety & Medicine. The author has an hindex of 27, co-authored 119 publications receiving 6889 citations. Previous affiliations of Mojtaba Vaismoradi include Tarbiat Modares University & University of Nordland.

Content analysis and thematic analysis: Implications for conducting a qualitative descriptive study

Abstract: Qualitative content analysis and thematic analysis are two commonly used approaches in data analysis of nursing research, but boundaries between the two have not been clearly specified. In other words, they are being used interchangeably and it seems difficult for the researcher to choose between them. In this respect, this paper describes and discusses the boundaries between qualitative content analysis and thematic analysis and presents implications to improve the consistency between the purpose of related studies and the method of data analyses. This is a discussion paper, comprising an analytical overview and discussion of the definitions, aims, philosophical background, data gathering, and analysis of content analysis and thematic analysis, and addressing their methodological subtleties. It is concluded that in spite of many similarities between the approaches, including cutting across data and searching for patterns and themes, their main difference lies in the opportunity for quantification of data. It means that measuring the frequency of different categories and themes is possible in content analysis with caution as a proxy for significance.

Theme development in qualitative content analysis and thematic analysis

Abstract: Sufficient knowledge is available about the definition, details and differences of qualitative content and thematic analysis as two approaches of qualitative descriptive research. However, identifying the main features of theme as the data analysis product and the method of its development remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to describe the meaning of theme and offer a method on theme construction that can be used by qualitative content analysis and thematic analysis researchers in line with the underpinning specific approach to data analysis. This methodological paper comprises an analytical overview of qualitative descriptive research products and the meaning of theme. Also, our practical experiences of qualitative analysis supported by relevant published literature informed the generation of a stage like model of theme construction for qualitative content analysis and thematic analysis. This paper comprises: (i) analytical importance of theme, (ii) meaning of theme, (iii) meaning of category, (iv) theme and category in terms of level of content, and (v) theme development. This paper offers a conceptual clarification and a pragmatic step by step method of theme development that has the capacity of assisting nurse researchers understand how theme is developed. As nursing is a pragmatic discipline, nurse researchers have tried to develop practical findings and devise some way to “do something” with findings to enhance the action and impact of nursing. The application of a precise method of theme development for qualitative descriptive data analysis suggested in this paper helps yield meaningful, credible and practical results for nursing.

Directed qualitative content analysis: the description and elaboration of its underpinning methods and data analysis process

Abstract: Qualitative content analysis consists of conventional, directed and summative approaches for data analysis. They are used for provision of descriptive knowledge and understandings of the phenomenon under study. However, the method underpinning directed qualitative content analysis is insufficiently delineated in international literature. This paper aims to describe and integrate the process of data analysis in directed qualitative content analysis. Various international databases were used to retrieve articles related to directed qualitative content analysis. A review of literature led to the integration and elaboration of a stepwise method of data analysis for directed qualitative content analysis. The proposed 16-step method of data analysis in this paper is a detailed description of analytical steps to be taken in directed qualitative content analysis that covers the current gap of knowledge in international literature regarding the practical process of qualitative data analysis. An example of "the resuscitation team members' motivation for cardiopulmonary resuscitation" based on Victor Vroom's expectancy theory is also presented. The directed qualitative content analysis method proposed in this paper is a reliable, transparent, and comprehensive method for qualitative researchers. It can increase the rigour of qualitative data analysis, make the comparison of the findings of different studies possible and yield practical results.

Theme in Qualitative Content Analysis and Thematic Analysis

Abstract: Qualitatives Design besteht aus verschiedenen Ansatzen zur Datenerhebung und -analyse, die insbesondere fur die Erstellung kultureller und kontextueller Beschreibungen und die Interpretation sozialer Phanomene anwendbar sind. Qualitative Inhaltsanalyse (QCA) und thematische Analyse (TA) stellen beides qualitative Ansatze dar, die ublicherweise von Forscher_innen aus unterschiedlichen Disziplinen gleichermasen eingesetzt werden. Allerdings besteht in der internationalen Literatur eine Leerstelle in Bezug auf den Begriff von "Thema" in beiden Ansatzen und des Prozesses der Entwicklung von Themen. Daher gehen wir in unserem Beitrag auf diese Leerstelle ein und stellen Unterschiede und Ahnlichkeiten zwischen beiden Methoden in Bezug auf das "Thema" als Endprodukt der Datenanalyse dar. Zur Unterstutzung unserer Sichtweisen und zur Erstellung international fundierter analytischer Begriffe von "Thema" greifen wir auf die aktuelle Literatur aus unterschiedlichen Disziplinen zuruck. Wir gehen davon aus, dass Forscher_innen von einem vertieften Verstandnis des Prozesses der Themenentwicklung in mehreren Hinsichten profitieren, namlich bei der Auswahl einer geeigneten Methode fur die Beantwortung ihrer Forschungsfrage, bei der Erzielung qualitativ hochwertiger und valider Ergebnisse sowie dabei, den analytischen Anforderungen an QCA und TA gerecht zu werden.

Patient safety: nursing students' perspectives and the role of nursing education to provide safe care.

Abstract: VAISMORADI M., SALSALI M. & MARCK P. (2011) Patient safety: nursing students' perspectives and the role of nursing education to provide safe care. International Nursing Review58, 434–442 Background and Aim: Nurses as the largest group of healthcare providers are in the best position to improve patient safety. In preparing future nurses, nurse educators have an important role in developing the knowledge, skills and attitudes among nursing students related to patient safety. The aim of this study was to explore Iranian nursing students' perspectives regarding patient safety and the role of nursing education in developing their capabilities to provide safe care. Methods: A purposeful sampling strategy was used to recruit 17 junior and senior nursing students for qualitative, semi-structured interviews. Content analysis of the interview transcripts was conducted to identify several relevant themes. Findings: Three main themes emerged from the data analysis: ‘safety as patient comfort’, ‘not being knowledgeable or experienced enough’ and ‘being helped to internalise the principles and values of patient safety’. The third theme consisted of two categories: ‘adopting a humanistic approach towards patients’ and ‘practising conscientiously in the workplace’. Conclusion: The present study adds insights on how nursing students understand and may be helped to internalise concepts of patient safety within their practice. Nursing education curriculum designers need to go beyond theoretical concepts of patient safety education and devise strategies to increase the application of safety knowledge and competencies in nursing practice.

Content analysis and thematic analysis: Implications for conducting a qualitative descriptive study

Abstract: Qualitative content analysis and thematic analysis are two commonly used approaches in data analysis of nursing research, but boundaries between the two have not been clearly specified. In other words, they are being used interchangeably and it seems difficult for the researcher to choose between them. In this respect, this paper describes and discusses the boundaries between qualitative content analysis and thematic analysis and presents implications to improve the consistency between the purpose of related studies and the method of data analyses. This is a discussion paper, comprising an analytical overview and discussion of the definitions, aims, philosophical background, data gathering, and analysis of content analysis and thematic analysis, and addressing their methodological subtleties. It is concluded that in spite of many similarities between the approaches, including cutting across data and searching for patterns and themes, their main difference lies in the opportunity for quantification of data. It means that measuring the frequency of different categories and themes is possible in content analysis with caution as a proxy for significance.

Qualitative Content Analysis: A Focus on Trustworthiness

Abstract: Qualitative content analysis is commonly used for analyzing qualitative data. However, few articles have examined the trustworthiness of its use in nursing science studies. The trustworthiness of q...