scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question
Author

Monika Joschko

Bio: Monika Joschko is an academic researcher. The author has contributed to research in topics: Soil biology & Soil organic matter. The author has an hindex of 9, co-authored 23 publications receiving 359 citations.

Papers
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Helen Phillips1, Carlos A. Guerra2, Marie Luise Carolina Bartz3, Maria J. I. Briones4, George G. Brown5, Thomas W. Crowther6, Olga Ferlian1, Konstantin B. Gongalsky7, Johan van den Hoogen6, Julia Krebs1, Alberto Orgiazzi, Devin Routh6, Benjamin Schwarz8, Elizabeth M. Bach, Joanne M. Bennett2, Ulrich Brose9, Thibaud Decaëns, Birgitta König-Ries9, Michel Loreau, Jérôme Mathieu, Christian Mulder10, Wim H. van der Putten11, Kelly S. Ramirez, Matthias C. Rillig12, David J. Russell13, Michiel Rutgers, Madhav P. Thakur, Franciska T. de Vries, Diana H. Wall14, David A. Wardle, Miwa Arai15, Fredrick O. Ayuke16, Geoff H. Baker17, Robin Beauséjour, José Camilo Bedano18, Klaus Birkhofer19, Eric Blanchart, Bernd Blossey20, Thomas Bolger21, Robert L. Bradley, Mac A. Callaham22, Yvan Capowiez, Mark E. Caulfield11, Amy Choi23, Felicity Crotty24, Andrea Dávalos25, Andrea Dávalos20, Darío J. Díaz Cosín, Anahí Domínguez18, Andrés Esteban Duhour26, Nick van Eekeren, Christoph Emmerling27, Liliana B. Falco26, Rosa Fernández, Steven J. Fonte14, Carlos Fragoso, André L.C. Franco, Martine Fugère, Abegail T Fusilero28, Shaieste Gholami29, Michael J. Gundale, Mónica Gutiérrez López, Davorka K. Hackenberger30, Luis M. Hernández, Takuo Hishi31, Andrew R. Holdsworth32, Martin Holmstrup33, Kristine N. Hopfensperger34, Esperanza Huerta Lwanga11, Veikko Huhta, Tunsisa T. Hurisso14, Tunsisa T. Hurisso35, Basil V. Iannone, Madalina Iordache36, Monika Joschko, Nobuhiro Kaneko37, Radoslava Kanianska38, Aidan M. Keith39, Courtland Kelly14, Maria Kernecker, Jonatan Klaminder, Armand W. Koné40, Yahya Kooch41, Sanna T. Kukkonen, H. Lalthanzara42, Daniel R. Lammel12, Daniel R. Lammel43, Iurii M. Lebedev7, Yiqing Li44, Juan B. Jesús Lidón, Noa Kekuewa Lincoln45, Scott R. Loss46, Raphaël Marichal, Radim Matula, Jan Hendrik Moos47, Gerardo Moreno48, Alejandro Morón-Ríos, Bart Muys49, Johan Neirynck50, Lindsey Norgrove, Marta Novo, Visa Nuutinen51, Victoria Nuzzo, Mujeeb Rahman P, Johan Pansu17, Shishir Paudel46, Guénola Pérès, Lorenzo Pérez-Camacho52, Raúl Piñeiro, Jean-François Ponge, Muhammad Rashid53, Muhammad Rashid54, Salvador Rebollo52, Javier Rodeiro-Iglesias4, Miguel Á. Rodríguez52, Alexander M. Roth55, Guillaume Xavier Rousseau56, Anna Rożen57, Ehsan Sayad29, Loes van Schaik58, Bryant C. Scharenbroch59, Michael Schirrmann60, Olaf Schmidt21, Boris Schröder61, Julia Seeber62, Maxim Shashkov63, Maxim Shashkov64, Jaswinder Singh65, Sandy M. Smith23, Michael Steinwandter, José Antonio Talavera66, Dolores Trigo, Jiro Tsukamoto67, Anne W. de Valença, Steven J. Vanek14, Iñigo Virto68, Adrian A. Wackett55, Matthew W. Warren, Nathaniel H. Wehr, Joann K. Whalen69, Michael B. Wironen70, Volkmar Wolters71, Irina V. Zenkova, Weixin Zhang72, Erin K. Cameron73, Nico Eisenhauer1 
Leipzig University1, Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg2, Universidade Positivo3, University of Vigo4, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária5, ETH Zurich6, Moscow State University7, University of Freiburg8, University of Jena9, University of Catania10, Wageningen University and Research Centre11, Free University of Berlin12, Senckenberg Museum13, Colorado State University14, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization15, University of Nairobi16, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation17, National Scientific and Technical Research Council18, Brandenburg University of Technology19, Cornell University20, University College Dublin21, United States Forest Service22, University of Toronto23, Aberystwyth University24, State University of New York at Cortland25, National University of Luján26, University of Trier27, University of the Philippines Mindanao28, Razi University29, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek30, Kyushu University31, Minnesota Pollution Control Agency32, Aarhus University33, Northern Kentucky University34, Lincoln University (Missouri)35, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad36, Fukushima University37, Matej Bel University38, Lancaster University39, Université d'Abobo-Adjamé40, Tarbiat Modares University41, Pachhunga University College42, University of São Paulo43, University of Hawaii at Hilo44, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources45, Oklahoma State University–Stillwater46, Forest Research Institute47, University of Extremadura48, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven49, Research Institute for Nature and Forest50, Natural Resources Institute Finland51, University of Alcalá52, King Abdulaziz University53, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology54, University of Minnesota55, Federal University of Maranhão56, Jagiellonian University57, Technical University of Berlin58, University of Wisconsin-Madison59, Leibniz Association60, Braunschweig University of Technology61, University of Innsbruck62, Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics63, Russian Academy of Sciences64, Khalsa College, Amritsar65, University of La Laguna66, Kōchi University67, Universidad Pública de Navarra68, McGill University69, The Nature Conservancy70, University of Giessen71, Henan University72, University of Saint Mary73
25 Oct 2019-Science
TL;DR: It was found that local species richness and abundance typically peaked at higher latitudes, displaying patterns opposite to those observed in aboveground organisms, which suggest that climate change may have serious implications for earthworm communities and for the functions they provide.
Abstract: Soil organisms, including earthworms, are a key component of terrestrial ecosystems. However, little is known about their diversity, their distribution, and the threats affecting them. We compiled a global dataset of sampled earthworm communities from 6928 sites in 57 countries as a basis for predicting patterns in earthworm diversity, abundance, and biomass. We found that local species richness and abundance typically peaked at higher latitudes, displaying patterns opposite to those observed in aboveground organisms. However, high species dissimilarity across tropical locations may cause diversity across the entirety of the tropics to be higher than elsewhere. Climate variables were found to be more important in shaping earthworm communities than soil properties or habitat cover. These findings suggest that climate change may have serious implications for earthworm communities and for the functions they provide.

223 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a transect study was carried out in 1996, 1997 and 1998 on tilled, sandy to loamy soils in the morainal landscape of northeast Germany.

63 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a study was carried out to determine the order of magnitude in which earthworm channels can contribute to the reduction of runoff during simulated rainfall, and two sets of experiments were carried out, the first using soil columns (Ap-horizon of a Luvisol) in which endogeic earthworms had dug channels through previously produced surface seals, the second set consisting of runoff boxes, where artificial channels were made with a needle following a rainfall application that had also produced a pronounced surface seal.
Abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the order of magnitude in which earthworm channels can contribute to the reduction of runoff during simulated rainfall. Two sets of experiments were carried out, the first using soil columns (Ap-horizon of a Luvisol) in which endogeic earthworms had dug channels through previously produced surface seals, the second set consisting of runoff boxes, where artificial channels were made with a needle following a rainfall application that had also produced a pronounced surface seal. In all cases, the persistance of open earthworm burrows led to a considerable decrease in runoff. It was observed that channels smaller than 5 mm in diameter were resealed within the first 15 minutes of rainfall, and did not contribute to percolation in the experiment with soil columns. In the experiment with the runoff boxes, a highly significant correlation was found between number of open channels and runoff rate, the treatments with a slope of 5% and a rainfall intensity of 30 mm/h showing a greater effect when compared to the treatment with 10% slope and an intensity of 60mm/h. Zur Verminderung des Oberflachenabflusses von verschlammten Bodenoberflachen durch Regenwurmgange und kunstliche Vertikalporen Das Ziel dieser Untersuchung war es, den Einflus von Regenwurmgangen auf die Verminderung von Oberflachenabflus wahrend kunstlicher Beregnung zu quantifizieren. Hierzu wurden zwei Versuchsserien durchgefuhrt, die erste unter Verwendung von Bodensaulen (Ap einer Parabraunerde), in denen Regenwurmer Gange durch vorher produzierte Krusten an der Oberflache hindurch gegraben hatten. Die zweite Serie bestand aus Abfluskasten, in denen nach der Verschlammung der Bodenoberflache mit Nadeln kunstliche Gange geschaffen worden waren. In allen Fallen fuhrte das Vorhandensein von stabilen Gangen zu einer deutlichen Verringerung des Abflusses. Dabei wurde beobachtet, das Gange mit Offnungen kleiner als 5 mm schon innerhalb der ersten 15 Minuten der Beregnung erneut abgedeckelt wurden, und somit in den Saulenversuchen zu keiner Perkolation fuhrten. In den Versuchen mit Abfluskasten stellte sich eine hoch signifikante Korrelation zwischen der Anzahl von Gangen und der Abflusrate heraus, wobei die Behandlungen mit 5% Hangneigung und einer Niederschlagsrate von 30 mm/h einen groseren Effekt aufwiesen als die Behandlung mit 10% Hangneigung und 60 mm/h Intensitat.

40 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the relationship between soil structure and plant roots was analyzed using X-ray computed microtomography (micro-CT), where root volumes and surfaces were quantified with a standard root washing method showing good correspondence.
Abstract: The exploration of soil structure and its consequences for ecological functions is of prime importance for understanding of the “critical zone.” In soils, the relationship between soil structure and plant roots—which influences water dynamics in soil—deserves special interest. With X-ray computed microtomography (micro-CT), soil structure and roots may be visualized and quantified simultaneously. We analyzed undisturbed soil samples from three grassland sites. After scanning the soil cores with an X-ray micro-CT scanner (resolution 40 μm), roots were delineated from the soil material and soil pore space by means of their X-ray grey value characteristics followed by the use of space transformation during image analyses. To determine efficacy of the X-ray micro-CT to identify roots, root volumes and surfaces were quantified with a standard root washing method showing good correspondence. A strong positive correlation between root volume and surfaces and the solid surface/solid volume ratio was found, with greater root growth in a more aggregated and porous soil. Preliminary analyses suggest that the relationship between soil structure and root patterns is related to the intensity of land management at the grassland sites, with reduced root volumes and surfaces at sites with increased land use intensity. This methodology has substantial potential for further research on management influences on soil structure and root growth across landscapes.

36 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of reduced, ploughless tillage on earthworm abundance was explored during a 10-year observational study on a producer's field on sandy soil.
Abstract: Since earthworms are of functional importance in soils, understanding their sensitivity to tillage is of importance for the design of sustainable management systems. The effect of reduced, ploughless tillage on earthworm abundance was explored during a 10-year observational study on a producer’s field on sandy soil. The analysis of tillage effects is complicated by the fact that earthworms are not only affected by tillage but also by soil properties. We analyzed the spatial distribution pattern of earthworms (Lumbricidae) in a heterogeneous 74 ha field in Northeast Brandenburg, Germany. Earthworm populations were assessed by means of handsorting along 4 transects on 42 permanent plots which were partly under conventional, partly under reduced tillage. Different earthworm activity parameters were calculated for each plot and related to soil properties such as soil texture and organic carbon in 0 to 15 cm. In addition, paired plots were analyzed at both sides of the dividing line between the tillage systems. The analysis of paired plots indicated that finer textured soils react more positively to tillage reduction than sandy soils. State-space analysis confirmed that soil texture was important in all cases for estimating earthworm parameters along the transects. Organic carbon in 0 to 15 cm, indicative of the tillage system, was an especially important predictor for maximal abundances of earthworms in the year 2000. Our observations also suggest higher spatial variability of earthworm abundances and closer relationships between earthworms and soil texture under reduced tillage. For separating soil from management effects in landscape scale studies, approaches are promising which take into account the spatial variability of soil properties and soil biota.

29 citations


Cited by
More filters
01 Jan 2011
TL;DR: The GMTED2010 layer extents (minimum and maximum latitude and longitude) are a result of the coordinate system inherited from the 1-arcsecond SRTM.
Abstract: For more information on the USGS—the Federal source for science about the Earth, its natural and living resources, natural hazards, and the environment, visit http://www.usgs.gov or call 1–888–ASK–USGS. For an overview of USGS information products, including maps, imagery, and publications, Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this report is in the public domain, permission must be secured from the individual copyright owners to reproduce any copyrighted materials contained within this report. 10. Diagram showing the GMTED2010 layer extents (minimum and maximum latitude and longitude) are a result of the coordinate system inherited from the 1-arc-second SRTM

802 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the deleterious effects of high levels of soil compaction on plant growth and yield are discussed, and it is shown that such compaction typically alters soil structure and hydrology by increasing soil bulk density; breaking down soil aggregates; decreasing soil porosity, aeration and infiltration capacity; and increasing soil strength and water runoff.
Abstract: Although soil compaction in the field may benefit or inhibit the growth of plants, the harmful effects are much more common. This paper emphasizes the deleterious effects of predominantly high levels of soil compaction on plant growth and yield. High levels of soil compaction are common in heavily used recreation areas, construction sites, urban areas, timber harvesting sites, fruit orchards, agroforestry systems and tree nurseries. Compaction can occur naturally by settling or slumping of soil or may be induced by tillage tools, heavy machinery, pedestrian traffic, trampling by animals and fire. Compaction typically alters soil structure and hydrology by increasing soil bulk density; breaking down soil aggregates; decreasing soil porosity, aeration and infiltration capacity; and by increasing soil strength, water runoff and soil erosion. Appreciable compaction of soil leads to physiological dysfunctions in plants. Often, but not always, reduced water absorption and leaf water deficits develop. S...

546 citations

01 Jan 2016
TL;DR: The geostatistics for environmental scientists is universally compatible with any devices to read and is available in the book collection an online access to it is set as public so you can get it instantly.
Abstract: Thank you very much for reading geostatistics for environmental scientists. As you may know, people have search numerous times for their favorite novels like this geostatistics for environmental scientists, but end up in harmful downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they are facing with some malicious bugs inside their desktop computer. geostatistics for environmental scientists is available in our book collection an online access to it is set as public so you can get it instantly. Our books collection saves in multiple locations, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Merely said, the geostatistics for environmental scientists is universally compatible with any devices to read.

508 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A review of the influence of soil fauna on soil structure is presented in this article, which mainly deals with earthworms, termites and ants, which are widely distributed and generally present in large numbers.
Abstract: Significant effects of soil fauna on soil structure are achieved mainly by a few groups among the larger soil invertebrates that are widely distributed and generally present in large numbers. Of these groups the most important are earthworms, termites and ants. The review deals mainly with earthworms, which are distributed throughout all but the coldest and the driest regions of the world. The effects of termites and ants on soil structure are also discussed. These groups of soil animals are also widely distributed, but are most common and most effective in influencing soil structure in tropical and warm temperate regions. A brief section deals with the influence of microarthropods, which are commonly found in large numbers, but because of their small size are unable to make large burrows in the mineral soil horizons, and are largely confined to pre-existing voids in litter and surface soil horizons. Their faecal pellets are granular and largely organic, with little included mineral soil material, and they sometimes make up the major proportion of forest litter layers. Quantitative assessment of the influence of earthworms on soil structure is available, but information on other groups is largely qualitative. The burrows of earthworms contribute to macroporosity and so influence water infiltration and aeration. Anecic species, that live in semi-permanent burrows opening to the soil surface and feed at the surface, provide more or less vertical channels for water infiltration and gas exchange. Endogeic species, that burrow continuously in search of food within the soil, provide more horizontally oriented, frequently extensive and intersecting networks of macropores that promote water movement and gas diffusion. Burrows that penetrate soil surface crusts are particularly important for water entry to the soil. Water movement through pores of the dimensions of earthworm burrows is important only when rainfall or irrigation supplies water at rates that exceed the capacity of the soil surface for capillary uptake. The combination of increase in surface area available for capillary uptake through the burrow walls and of hydraulic pressure resulting from the column of water in a water-filled burrow increases infiltration. Occupied burrows of anecic species may be sealed with soil or plant litter by the resident earthworm when water is ponded on the soil surface, or blocked by the earthworm's body, so as to be ineffective for water infiltration. When burrows are air-filled they provide surfaces that penetrate below ground and facilitate gas exchange.

468 citations