Mugurel Constantin Rusu

Bio: Mugurel Constantin Rusu is an academic researcher from Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy. The author has contributed to research in topics: Stromal cell & Progenitor cell. The author has an hindex of 24, co-authored 208 publications receiving 2168 citations. Previous affiliations of Mugurel Constantin Rusu include Romanian Academy & Hai phong University Of Medicine and Pharmacy.

Telocytes in parotid glands.

Abstract: The parotid histological structure includes acinar, ductal, and myoepithelial cells, surrounded by a connective stromal component. The parotid stroma is mostly regarded as an inert shell, consisting of septa, which divide the parenchyma. Telocytes were recently identified as a new stromal cell type in various organs, including exocrine pancreas. We aimed to evaluate telocytes presence in parotid stroma and whether their topographical features might support an involvement in parotid function modulation. Serial ultrathin sections of human and rat parotid glands were studied and compared by transmission electron microscopy. Two-dimensional concatenation of sequenced micrographs allowed the ultrastructural identification of parotid telocytes, with their specific long, thin, and moniliform prolongations (telopodes). Telocyte location appeared frequently as a strategic one, in close contact or vicinity of both secretory (acini and ducts) and regulatory (nerves and blood vessels) apparatuses. They were also found in the interacinar and the subductal stroma. Two previously reported telocyte markers (c-kit/CD117 and vimentin) were assayed by immunohistochemistry. Actin expression was also evaluated. Telocytes are making a network, especially by branching of their long telopodes. Elements of this telocyte network are interacting with each other (homocellular connections) as well as with other cell types (heterocellular connections). These interactions are achieved either by direct contact (stromal synapse), or mediated via shed microvesicles/exosomes. Since telocyte connections include both neurovascular and exocrine elements (e.g., acini and ducts), it is attractive to think that telocytes might mediate and integrate neural and/or vascular input with parotid function.

Telocytes form networks in normal cardiac tissues.

Abstract: Telocytes (TC) are a class of interstitial cells present in heart. Their characteristic feature is the presence of extremely long and thin prolongations (called telopodes). Therefore, we were interested to see whether or not TCs form networks in normal cardiac tissues, as previously suggested. Autopsy samples of cardiac tissues were obtained from 13 young human cadavers, without identifiable cardiac pathology and with a negative personal history of cardiovascular disease. Immunohistochemistry on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues was performed using monoclonal antibodies for CD117/c-kit. Additionally, ventricular samples from 5 Sprague-Dawley rats were ultrastructurally evaluated under transmission electron microscopy. We found c-kit positive cells with TC features in subepicardium, as well in subepicardial arteries and in subepicardial fat. TCs were also present in the subendocardium. Light and electron microscopy revealed the existence of intramyocardial networks built up by bipolar TCs. Larger c-kit positive multipolar TCs were found between cardiac muscle bundles. Our results support the existence of a cardiac network of telocytes.

Anatomical considerations on the corona mortis

Abstract: The corona mortis (CMOR) represents the vascular connection of the obturator and external iliac systems. We aimed to evaluate by dissections the morphological possibilities of the CMOR and their individual combinations. For the study we used 20 human adult cadavers that were bilaterally dissected (40 hemipelvises), with evidences of the vascular elements at the level of the superior pubic branch in 32 (80%) of hemipelvises. The morphological patterns we identified were classified in three types (I-III): I. arterial CMOR (10 hemipelvises): I.1. obturator artery (OA) from the external iliac artery (EIA); I.2. OA from the inferior epigastric artery (IEA); I.3. anastomosis of the OA and IEA; I.4. pubic branches of the OA, in the absence of any anastomosis with the EIA system; II. venous CMOR (6 hemipelvises): II.1. obturator vein (OV) draining into the external iliac vein (EIV); II.2. OV draining into the inferior epigastric vein (IEV); II.3. venous anastomosis of the OV and IEV and III combined, arterial and venous CMOR (16 hemipelvises). We classified the combined coronae mortis in nine different subtypes that mainly (but not exclusively) correspond to various combinations of types I and II. The surgical relevance of the vascular relations of the superior branch of pubis (in trauma, orthopedic approaches, hernia repair, embolizations and intra-arterial infusions) recommends a detailed knowledge of the morphological and topographical possibilities of the crown of death and the individual evaluation of this risky anatomical structure.

Tracheal telocytes

Abstract: Recently, a novel type of stromal cell – the telocytes (TC) – was identified in mouse trachea. These cells are known to possess the ultrastructural characteristics, which support their role in intercellular signaling. We found TC in all stromal compartments of the tracheal wall. TC with long prolongations (telopodes, Tp) were lining longitudinally the collagen bundles, and were serially arranged (end-to-end connections of Tp were found). Noteworthy, Tp frequently establish stromal synapses with mast cells (MC). Primary cilia were also identified in TC. In conclusion, tracheal TC could be involved in the tracheal regulation (e.g. secretion, contractility). The tandem TC-MC deserves further investigations.

Gray's Anatomy

Abstract: MEDICAL LITERATURE has been deluged during the past few years with books and papers on penicillin; but a book which has been produced under the general editorship of Sir Alexander Fleming himself represents a complete and authoritative summary of penicillin therapy as it stands today.' The book contains a series of independent contributions by \"experienced and eminent men who have worked with penicillin in Great Britain\". Their opinions and practical methods differ slightly, and there is some overlapping; but these are not disadvantageous, comparison and contrast lending interest to the reading. In the first or general section of the book Fleming contributes two chapters, one on the history and development of penicillin, introducing some interesting sidelights in the romance of discovery, the other on the bacteriological control of penicillin therapy. In both chapters the information is set out in meticulous detail and with a clarity and simplicity which can be enjoyed by all readers. Fleming also gives the right perspective to the place of penicillin amongst the antibiotics and lays down the principles of treatment. Both chapters are well illustrated and are the most outstanding in the book. Included in this first section also are chapters on the chemistry and manufacture of penicillin and its pharmacy, pharmacology and methods of administration. The second section of the book is entirely clinical, giving each author's view on the use of penicillin therapy in a disease or an infection of some particular region of the body. The entire range of peniCillin-sensitive conditions is considered in twenty authoritative and clearly written chapters; these contain many references and illustrations. Dental and veterinary diseases are also given fairly full consideration. The final section is a condensed resume of much of the preceding chapters and is written for. the general practttioner. This chapter is superttuous: it does not contain enough detall to be of much practical value. The book as a Whole, however, will undoubtedly be considered a classical contribution to medical literature and is strongly recommended, not only because of the general interest of its topic, but as a reference book on penicillin therapy of hitherto unequalled excellence. The typography, although conforming to war economy standards, is clear and the paper is good. There is an excellent list of references and the index is satisfactory.

eMedicine

Abstract: eMedicine创建于1996年，由近万名临床医师作为作者或编辑参与此临床医学知识库的建设，其中编辑均是来自美国哈佛、耶鲁、斯坦福、芝加哥、德克萨斯、加州大学等各分校医学院的教授或副教授。

Meta-analysis of prevalence

Abstract: Meta-analysis is a method to obtain a weighted average of results from various studies. In addition to pooling effect sizes, meta-analysis can also be used to estimate disease frequencies, such as incidence and prevalence. In this article we present methods for the meta-analysis of prevalence. We discuss the logit and double arcsine transformations to stabilise the variance. We note the special situation of multiple category prevalence, and propose solutions to the problems that arise. We describe the implementation of these methods in the MetaXL software, and present a simulation study and the example of multiple sclerosis from the Global Burden of Disease 2010 project. We conclude that the double arcsine transformation is preferred over the logit, and that the MetaXL implementation of multiple category prevalence is an improvement in the methodology of the meta-analysis of prevalence.

Das Arteriensystem der Japaner

Abstract: genannte norwegische Anthropotoge HALFDaN B~Y~ ha t in ether 1928 erschienenen Schrift (Die K6rperproportionen des Homo caesius. I~gl. Norsk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skr. z927, Nr 6, 273--356 ) die Variationsbreite der nordischen IRasse (Homo caesius) zu bes t immen gesucht, indem er 8I Individuen aus ether gr6f3eren Serie yon Miinnern ausw~hlte, die der norwegischen binnenl~ndischen Bev61kerurlg aJagehOren. Obwohl sie nach ihm eine ziemlich nngleichartige Masse darstellen mit hoher und Meiner K6rpergrOBe, mit t taar und Augenfarben in allen Nuancen mit Ausnahme der dunkelsten, mit ether Kopfform, die yon Dolichocephalie his welt in die Brachycephalie hineinreicbt, rechnet sie BRYN doch alle zur nordischen Rasse, Man k6nne n~imlich unter keinen Umst~nden behaupten, dab diese ,,kleinen Unterschiede\" auf Rassenmischungen beruhten; es set nicht angXngig, einem Ind iv iduum die Zugeh6rigkeit zur nordischen Rasse abzusprechen, well es brachycephal oder breitgesichtig set, ebensowenig wie zwei Sch~idel zu verschiedenen Rassen geh6ren mfiBten, well der eine dolichocephal und schmalgesichtig und der andere brachycephal und breitgesichtig ist. An diese Auffassung, die den Rassebegriff sehr vim wetter faBt, als es im allgemeinen in der Anthropologie iiblich ist, und in den meisten Darstel lungen zum Ausdruck kommt , wird man erinnert, wenn man das ]3ueh WALTER IKRUSES liest (Die Deutschen und ihre Nachbarv61ker. Neue Grundlegung der Anthropologie, l~assen-, Vblker-, S tammeskunde und t(onst i tut ionslehre nebst Ausf~hrungen zur deutschen Rassenhygiene. Leipzig: GeorgThieme 1929. Mit 17 Textabb. und 5 Tat., XIV, 640 S,). BRYN h~ilt an dem Rassebegriff test, wenn er zweifellos anch die Rassegrenzen verwischt. K~USE ist radikaler, er spricht zwar yon der ,,europ~iischen Rasse\", 16st sie abet n icht in eigentliche Unterrassen ant, sondern in V61ker. Das Volk nnd nicht die !~asse ist also hier die Grundlage ether anthropologischen VVertung, und diese Subst i tut ion meint er woht, wenn er yon ether neuen Grundlegung der Anthropologie spricht. Ffir KRUSE ist weder die K6rpergrbBe noch die Kopfform Rassenmerkmal , weil sie in weiten Grenzen schwa~kten nnd in ihren MaBen yon XuBeren Verhltltnissen hochgradig abhXngig seien. Nnr die P igment ie rnng yon Haut , Haa r nnd Auge sieht er Ms verh~iltnism~iBig besti~ndig an, wenn er auch ein Mendeln nnr ftir die Augenfarben anerkennen wi l l Die Vigment ierung t r e t e nnabhXngig yon alien fibrigen Merkmalen auf nnd stfinde in engster Beziehung zn der geographisehen Lage, d. h. znm ~Iima. KR~Js~ stii tzt Mch bet diesen Aufstellungen zum TeiI auf die vorliegende Literatnr, zum Teit auf eigene Erhebungen an etwa ~oooo Personen aus fas t allen Teilen Dentschlands. Altein dieses eigene Material wird nicht so geboten, wie es in anthropoIogischen Arbeiten sonst iiblich ist, so dab es schwer f~illt, sich ein Urteil fiber die Zuverl~issigkeit nnd I)eutbarkei t in der yon dem Verfasser gesuchten Rich tung zu bilden. Es ist fiberall in Raisonnements eingeschlossen, die f iberhaupt ein Charakter is t ikum des Buches sind. Wenn, n m nu t ein Beispiel anzuffihren, behaupte t wird, dab die Kopfform der Neugeborenen in allen Teilen Deutschlands, ob sie nun aus Gebieten einer langk6pfigen oder kurzk6pfigen Bev61kerung s tammen, nahezu die gleiche -mesocephale -w~ire, so bedarf das trotz der angeffihrten Zahlen ether sehr sorgfMtigen NachprtKung, obwohl, selbst wenn dem so w~re, daraus nieht ohne weiteres auf die Belanglosigkeit der Kopfform f~ir die 1Rassenbestimmung geschlossen werden kann. Die Ausfi ihrungen KRUs~s kommen ihrem Kern Anthropologische Mitteitungen. zz9