Residential-scale low carbon technologies (LCTs) can help decarbonizing our economies but can also lead to technical issues, particularly in low voltage (LV) distribution systems. To quantify these problems this work proposes a probabilistic impact assessment methodology. First, realistic 5-min time-series daily profiles are produced for photovoltaic panels, electric heat pumps, electric vehicles, and micro combined heat and power units. Then, to cater for the uncertainties of LCTs (e.g., size, location, and behavior), a Monte Carlo analysis is carried out considering 100 simulations for different penetration levels (percentage of houses with a LCT). This methodology is applied to 128 real U.K. LV feeders showing that about half of them can have voltage and/or congestion issues at some penetration of LCTs. Furthermore, to identify the relationships between the first occurrence of problems and key feeder parameters (e.g., length, number of customers), a correlation analysis is developed per LCT. Crucially, these results can be translated into lookup tables to help distribution network operators in producing preliminary estimates of the LCT hosting capacity of a given feeder.

/pdf/probabilistic-impact-assessment-of-low-carbon-technologies-3p4ouohpzd.pdf

Probabilistic Impact Assessment of Low Carbon Technologies in LV Distribution Systems

The long-term development of a mobile booking taxi application service depends on the continued use of its passengers. The aim of this study is to investigate the determinants of the mobile taxi booking application service’s continuance intention, using the technology continuance theory by including the perceived risk and subjective norms. The data were collected by surveying 387 users of the mobile taxi application service. The data were analysed by applying the partial least squares technique. The analysis showed that the technology continuance theory has extensive power to explain the continuance intention to use the mobile booking taxi application. Subjective norms also have a significant effect on the attitude of mobile booking taxi application users which represents an important contribution to technology continuance theory extension. The theoretical and practical significances of the study have been discussed.

Mobile taxi booking application service’s continuance usage intention by users

Analysis of the performance of domestic lighting lamps

https://research.aalto.fi/files/6979872/salpakari_et_al_improved_flexibility_with_large_scale_VRE_green_open_access.pdf

Improved flexibility with large-scale variable renewable power in cities through optimal demand side management and power-to-heat conversion

E-waste recycling behaviour: An integration of recycling habits into the theory of planned behaviour

Transient stability is important in power systems. Disturbances like faults need to be segregated to restore transient stability. A comprehensive review of fault diagnosing methods in the power transmission system is presented in this paper. Typically, voltage and current samples are deployed for analysis. Three tasks/topics; fault detection, classification, and location are presented separately to convey a more logical and comprehensive understanding of the concepts. Feature extractions, transformations with dimensionality reduction methods are discussed. Fault classification and location techniques largely use artificial intelligence (AI) and signal processing methods. After the discussion of overall methods and concepts, advancements and future aspects are discussed. Generalized strengths and weaknesses of different AI and machine learning-based algorithms are assessed. A comparison of different fault detection, classification, and location methods is also presented considering features, inputs, complexity, system used and results. This paper may serve as a guideline for the researchers to understand different methods and techniques in this field.

A Review of Fault Diagnosing Methods in Power Transmission Systems

The main emphasis of this paper is to highlight the factors influencing power quality caused by compact fluorescent lamp (CFL) in terms of total harmonic distortion (THD) in current and voltage. Whole lighting system of a practical distribution network mostly comprises of fluorescent lights and incandescent lamps which are planned to be replaced by compact fluorescent lamps, nationally and internationally to promote demand side management (DSM), particularly in developing world due to short fall of electricity. Based upon the practical results obtained at RCET Lab Pakistan in consultation with UKM Malaysia, real model of CFL is developed in ETAP Harmonic Library to carry out simulations for the evaluation of required power quality parameters. While determining the impact of CFL at huge scale, current and voltage waveforms along with their spectrum for the HTs (High Tension side) and LTs (Low Tension side) of distribution transformers captured in the form of THDv and THDi have been analyzed for comprehensive analysis of power distribution system.

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel5/4807911/4812967/04812975.pdf

Impact of compact fluorescent lamp on power quality

The UAE per capita energy consumption is one of the highest in the world. Since the energy sector is the center of most ecological problems facing the world today, eco-efficiency and eco-innovations are at the top of the sustainability agenda in most countries. The UAE “Green Economy for Sustainable Development” (2012–2021) aims to position the country as a center for the export and re-export of green products and technologies. In light of the above, the focus of this paper is to present a smart plug system for monitoring and controlling household energy consumption using a mobile application. The smart plug system is an essential component in smart grids as it provides real-time high-resolution information for distribution companies to aid them in decision-making. In addition, the study measures the perceived usefulness and satisfaction of the smart plug system and its mobile application in the UAE. The paper makes an important theoretical contribution by including environmental concern as an additional variable to a well-established information systems success model. Our findings suggest that the smart plug system provides users with convenient access to information regarding their personal energy consumption and allows them to control their per capital energy consumptions via the mobile application at very low costs. Further, we validated our theoretical model using structural equation modeling and conclude that environmental concern has an indirect impact on the perceived satisfaction and both an indirect and a direct impact on the perceived usefulness of the smart plug system. The practical implications of our study suggest that per capita energy consumption is likely to significantly decrease with wide adoption of the smart plug system in the UAE.

Smart plugs: Perceived usefulness and satisfaction: Evidence from United Arab Emirates

Heat pumps can provide domestic heating at a cost that is competitive with oil heating in particular. If the electricity supply contains a significant amount of renewable generation, a move from fossil fuel heating to heat pumps can reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The inherent thermal storage of heat pump installations can also provide the electricity supplier with valuable flexibility. The increase in heat pump installations in the UK and Europe in the last few years poses a challenge for low-voltage networks, because of the use of induction motors to drive the pump compressors. The induction motor load tends to depress voltage, especially on starting. The study includes experimental results, dynamic load modelling, comparison of experimental results and simulation results for various levels of heat pump deployment. The simulations are based on a generic test network designed to capture the main characteristics of UK distribution system practice. The simulations employ DIgSlILENT Power Factory to facilitate dynamic simulations that focus on starting current, voltage variations, active power, reactive power and switching transients.

/pdf/impact-of-heat-pump-load-on-distribution-networks-33p1enuafn.pdf

Impact of heat pump load on distribution networks

Modern induction furnace draws heavy current with considerable distortion in the current waveform. This heavy distorted current causes distortion in the system voltage. Owing to the insulation limitations at 11 KV line, it is very taxing for modern power quality analyzers to capture the exact distorted voltage waveform. However the distorted waveform of current with high amplitude, drawn by induction furnace, can be captured by these analyzers by virtue of the appropriate CT ratios of their current clamps. By using the FFT of the distorted current waveform, a new mathematical approach using MATLAB has been developed in this paper for the exact modeling of distorted voltage waveform resulted in by distorted current waveform. Finally, this new approach has further been worked out to derive mathematical relation to compute the THDv which also shows its trend as a function of distance between the supply (utility) and Induction furnace load.

Muhammad Akmal

Papers

A Review of Fault Diagnosing Methods in Power Transmission Systems

Impact of compact fluorescent lamp on power quality

Smart plugs: Perceived usefulness and satisfaction: Evidence from United Arab Emirates

Impact of heat pump load on distribution networks

Voltage waveform distortion measurement caused by the current drawn by modern induction furnaces