Muhammad Hanif

Bio: Muhammad Hanif is an academic researcher from University of Auckland. The author has contributed to research in topics: Chemistry & Estimator. The author has an hindex of 23, co-authored 187 publications receiving 2311 citations. Previous affiliations of Muhammad Hanif include University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore & Quaid-i-Azam University.

Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacology of Olea europaea (Olive)

Abstract: Aim of the Review. To grasp the fragmented information available on the botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology of Olea europaea to explore its therapeutic potential and future research opportunities. Material and Methods. All the available information on O. europaea was collected via electronic search (using Pubmed, Scirus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science) and a library search. Results. Ethnomedical uses of O. europaea are recorded throughout the world where it has been used to treat various ailments. Phytochemical research had led to the isolation of flavonoids, secoiridoids, iridoids, flavanones, biophenols, triterpenes, benzoic acid derivatives, isochromans, and other classes of secondary metabolites from O. europaea. The plant materials and isolated components have shown a wide spectrum of in vitro and in vivo pharmacological activities like antidiabetic, anticonvulsant, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, analgesic, antimicrobial, antiviral, antihypertensive, anticancer, antihyperglycemic, antinociceptive, gastroprotective, and wound healing activities. Conclusions. O. europaea emerged as a good source of traditional medicine for the treatment of various ailments. The outcomes of phytochemical and pharmacological studies reported in this review will further expand its existing therapeutic potential and provide a convincing support to its future clinical use in modern medicine.

Anticancer metallodrugs: where is the next cisplatin?

Abstract: Despite the severe side effects and the emergence of drug resistance, the use of DNA-targeting platinum drugs remains strong either alone or in a combination chemotherapy regimen New strategies and formulations are being explored in the design of anticancer metal complexes that exhibit nonclassical modes of action, selectively hit precise biomolecular targets or are even able to induce immunogenic anticancer activity These developments will ameliorate the systemic toxicity of metal-based drugs and widen the range of treatable cancers

In vitro anticancer activity and biologically relevant metabolization of organometallic ruthenium complexes with carbohydrate-based ligands.

Abstract: The synthesis and in vitro anticancer activity of dihalogenido(eta6-p-cymene)(3,5,6-bicyclophosphite-alpha-D-glucofuranoside)ruthenium(II) complexes are described. The compounds were characterized by NMR spectroscopy and ESI mass spectrometry, and the molecular structures of dichlorido-, dibromido- and diiodido(eta6-p-cymene)(3,5,6-bicyclophosphite-1,2-O-isopropylidene-alpha-D-glucofuranoside)ruthenium(II) were determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. The complexes were shown to undergo aquation of the first halido ligand in aqueous solution, followed by hydrolysis of a P--O bond of the phosphite ligand, and finally formation of dinuclear species. The hydrolysis mechanism was confirmed by DFT calculations. The aquation of the complexes was markedly suppressed in 100 mM NaCl solution, and notably only very slow hydrolysis of the P--O bond was observed. The complexes showed affinity towards albumin and transferrin and monoadduct formation with 9-ethylguanine. In vitro studies revealed that the 3,5,6-bicyclophosphite-1,2-O-cyclohexylidene-alpha-D-glucofuranoside complex is the most cytotoxic compound in human cancer cell lines (IC50 values from 30 to 300 microM depending on the cell line).

Novel metal(II) arene 2-pyridinecarbothioamides: a rationale to orally active organometallic anticancer agents

Abstract: A novel series of organometallic antitumour agents based on RuII and OsII complexes containing N-substituted 2-pyridinecarbothioamides (PCAs) has been synthesized and characterized. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of organometallic anticancer compounds with an S,N-bidentate ligand system. While the ligands showed activity as gastric mucosal protectants and low acute toxicity in vivo (J. Med. Chem., 1990, 33, 327–336), coordination leads to highly antiproliferative metallodrugs, depending on lipophilicity and steric demand, in colon carcinoma and non-small lung cancer cell lines with intrinsic chemoresistances. The most lipophilic and smallest congeners are the most effective with IC50 values in the low micromolar range. This new family of potential metallodrugs features exceptional stability in hydrochloric acid (60 mM), characterized by complete suppression of hydrolysis and low reactivity towards biological nucleophiles. Therefore, their unexpected aqueous chemistry renders this family of antiproliferative agents suitable for oral administration. An unprecedented feature is their ability to form transient thioketone-bridged dimers in aqueous solution upon hydrolysis, which is believed to minimize deactivation by biological nucleophiles. However, the biological effect seems to be caused by the monomer as observed with crystallographic studies of the nucleosome core particle (NCP), which revealed that [chlorido(η6-p-cymene)(N-phenyl-2-pyridinecarbothioamide)osmium(II)] chloride and [chlorido(η6-p-cymene)(N-fluorophenyl-2-pyridinecarbothioamide)osmium(II)] chloride react at two types of binding sites on the histone proteins. The adducts form at histidine side chains located on the nucleosome surface and the inner cleft of the nucleosome in the midst of an extensive histone–histone interface, suggesting interference with chromatin activity as a possible mode of action of these compounds. Additionally, ligand-based S → O exchange allows for a potential dual-mode of action by targeting DNA (J. Med. Chem., 2009, 52, 7753–7764). The quantitative estimates of drug-likeness (QED) for this family of compounds revealed a similar drug-likeness compared to erlotinib, tamoxifen, imatinib and sorafenib.

The development of anticancer ruthenium(II) complexes: from single molecule compounds to nanomaterials

Abstract: Cancer is rapidly becoming the top killer in the world. Most of the FDA approved anticancer drugs are organic molecules, while metallodrugs are very scarce. The advent of the first metal based therapeutic agent, cisplatin, launched a new era in the application of transition metal complexes for therapeutic design. Due to their unique and versatile biochemical properties, ruthenium-based compounds have emerged as promising anti-cancer agents that serve as alternatives to cisplatin and its derivertives. Ruthenium(iii) complexes have successfully been used in clinical research and their mechanisms of anticancer action have been reported in large volumes over the past few decades. Ruthenium(ii) complexes have also attracted significant attention as anticancer candidates; however, only a few of them have been reported comprehensively. In this review, we discuss the development of ruthenium(ii) complexes as anticancer candidates and biocatalysts, including arene ruthenium complexes, polypyridyl ruthenium complexes, and ruthenium nanomaterial complexes. This review focuses on the likely mechanisms of action of ruthenium(ii)-based anticancer drugs and the relationship between their chemical structures and biological properties. This review also highlights the catalytic activity and the photoinduced activation of ruthenium(ii) complexes, their targeted delivery, and their activity in nanomaterial systems.

Antitumour metal compounds: more than theme and variations

Abstract: Triggered by the resounding success of cisplatin, the past decades have seen tremendous efforts to produce clinically beneficial analogues. The recent achievement of oxaliplatin for the treatment of colon cancer should, however, not belie the imbalance between a plethora of investigated complexes and a very small number of clinically approved platinum drugs. Strategies opening up new avenues are increasingly being sought using complexes of metals other than platinum such as ruthenium or gallium. Based on the chemical differences between these metals, the spectrum of molecular mechanisms of action and potential indications can be broadened substantially. Other approaches focus on complexes with tumour-targeting properties, thereby maximizing the impact on cancer cells and minimizing the problem of adverse side effects, and complexes with biologically active ligands.

Nanobio Silver: Its Interactions with Peptides and Bacteria, and Its Uses in Medicine

Abstract: Silver, known in metallic form since antiquity, has very early been recognized by mankind for its antimicrobial properties, a phenomenon observed, for example, in the context of drinking water (a silver coin in a well), food (silver cutlery, water storage recipients), and medicine (silver skull plates, teeth). Silver compounds were also shown to be useful. For example, dilute solutions of silver nitrate served long, and still do in some countries, as antimicrobial ointment to be instilled into Published in \" \" which should be cited to refer to this work.