Author
Muhammad Yousaf ur Rehman
Bio: Muhammad Yousaf ur Rehman is an academic researcher from Bahauddin Zakariya University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Hepatitis C & Hepatitis B. The author has an hindex of 2, co-authored 3 publications receiving 56 citations.
Topics: Hepatitis C, Hepatitis B, Blood transfusion, Population, Electrocatalyst
Papers
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Journal Article•
TL;DR: The results indicate that most of the patients suffering from hepatitis B and C do not realize that they have got such deadly viruses in their body and can transmit it to non infected healthy individuals via different parenteral routes including blood transfusion.
Abstract: To determine the frequency of hepatitis B and C in asymptomatic healthy blood donors. A prospective study was conducted in the department of pathology, RMI Peshawar from April 2002 to March 2003. A total of 4000 healthy blood donors were selected. Blood samples were collected for screeening of HBs Ag and anti HCV antibodies using IMX or Axsym, MEIA technology (Abbott, USA).These results indicate that most of the patients suffering from hepatitis B and C do not realize that they have got such deadly viruses in their body and can transmit it to non infected healthy individuals via different parenteral routes including blood transfusion. Teh rate of infection of hepatitis B and C found in this study is low compared to other regional studies. One possible explanation could be the introduction of pre-donation filtration by questionaire method which has been found to be an effective tool in addition to routine virological screening using high quality standard methods.
50 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a Ni-based mixed linker metal organic framework (MOF) was synthesized using 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid (BTC) and 4,4`-bipyridine (bpy) as organic linkers.
30 citations
TL;DR: The poverty-stricken population cannot withstand the shocks of global warming and can hardly pay the soaring expenditure of fossil fuels whose reservoirs are already approaching the threshold limit as discussed by the authors, which is the case in many developing countries.
9 citations
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TL;DR: Data suggest a moderate to high prevalence of hepatitis B and hepatitis C in different areas of Pakistan, and the likely range of prevalence in different population sub-groups is estimated.
342 citations
TL;DR: HCV prevalence was moderate in the general population but very high in injecting drug users and multi-transfused populations, and the major contributing factors towards increased HCV prevalence include unchecked blood transfusions and reuse of injection syringes.
Abstract: In Pakistan more than 10 million people are living with Hepatitis C virus (HCV), with high morbidity and mortality. This article reviews the prevalence, genotypes and factors associated with HCV infection in the Pakistani population. A literature search was performed by using the keywords; HCV prevalence, genotypes and risk factors in a Pakistani population, in Pubmed, PakMediNet and Google scholar. Ninetyone different studies dating from 1994 to May 2009 were included in this study, and weighted mean and standard error of each population group was calculated. Percentage prevalence of HCV was 4.95% ± 0.53% in the general adult population, 1.72% ± 0.24% in the pediatric population and 3.64% ± 0.31% in a young population applying for recruitment, whereas a very high 57% ± 17.7% prevalence was observed in injecting drug users and 48.67% ± 1.75% in a multitransfused population. Most prevalent genotype of HCV was 3a. HCV prevalence was moderate in the general population but very high in injecting drug users and multi-transfused populations. This data suggests that the major contributing factors towards increased HCV prevalence include unchecked blood transfusions and reuse of injection syringes. Awareness programs are required to decrease the future burden of HCV in the Pakistani population.
208 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors highlight the advantages of these biomass-based carbon dots in terms of synthesis, properties, and applications in the biomedical field and highlight the future development of biomass derived quantum dots.
Abstract: Carbon dots have been considered as a solution to the challenges that semiconductor quantum dots have encountered because they are more biocompatible and can be synthesized from abundant and nontoxic materials such as biomass. This review will highlight the advantages of these biomass-based carbon dots in terms of synthesis, properties, and applications in the biomedical field. Furthermore, future applications especially in the biomedical field of biomass-based carbon dots as well as the challenges of semiconductor quantum dots such as biocompatibility, photobleaching, environmental challenges, toxicity, and poor solubility will be discussed in detail. Biomass-derived quantum dots, a subsection of carbon dots that are the most desirable for future research, will be focused upon including from synthesis to applications. Finally, the future development of biomass derived quantum dots in the biomedical field will be discussed and evaluated to unlock the potential for their applications.
161 citations
TL;DR: Mass vaccination and awareness programs should be initiated on urgent basis especially in populations with HBV infection rates of more than 5%.
Abstract: In Pakistan, there are estimated 7-9 million carriers of hepatitis B virus (HBV) with a carrier rate of 3-5%. This article reviews the available literature about the prevalence, risk factors, awareness status and genotypes of the HBV in Pakistan by using key words; HBV prevalence, risk factors, awareness status and genotypes in Pakistani population in PubMed, PakMediNet, Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) and Google Scholar. One hundred and six different studies published from 1998 to 2010 were included in this study. Weighted mean and standard deviation were determined for each population group. The percentage of hepatitis B virus infection in general population was 4.3318% ± 1.644%, healthy blood donors (3.93% ± 1.58%), military recruits (4.276% ± 1.646%), healthcare persons (3.25% ± 1.202%), pregnant women (5.872% ± 4.984), prisoners (5.75% ± 0.212%), surgical patients (7.397% ± 2.012%), patients with cirrhosis (28.87% ± 11.90%), patients with HCC (22% ± 2.645%), patients with hepatitis (15.896% ± 14.824%), patients with liver diseases (27.54% ± 6.385%), multiple transfused patients (6.223% ± 2.121%), opthalmic patients (3.89% ± 1.004%) and users of injectable drugs (14.95% ± 10.536%). Genotype D (63.71%) is the most prevalent genotype in Pakistani population. Mass vaccination and awareness programs should be initiated on urgent basis especially in populations with HBV infection rates of more than 5%.
146 citations
TL;DR: Hepatitis C has a very high mutational rate that enables it to escape the immune system and a slight drift in viral population has been observed in some parts of the globe.
Abstract: Hepatitis C (HCV) is the disease that has affected around 200 million people globally. HCV is a life threatening human pathogen, not only because of its high prevalence and worldwide burden but also because of the potentially serious complications of persistent HCV infection. Chronicity of the disease leads to cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma and end-stage liver disease. HCV positive hepatocytes vary between less than 5% and up to 100%, indicating the high rate of replication of viral RNA. HCV has a very high mutational rate that enables it to escape the immune system. Viral diversity has two levels; the genotypes and Quasiaspecies. Major HCV genotypes constitute genotype 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 while more than 50 subtypes are known. All HCV genotypes have their particular patterns of geographical distribution and a slight drift in viral population has been observed in some parts of the globe.
125 citations