Author
Munawar Hussain Soomro
Other affiliations: Isra University, Chandka Medical College, University of Montpellier
Bio: Munawar Hussain Soomro is an academic researcher from University of Paris. The author has contributed to research in topics: Pregnancy & Health care. The author has an hindex of 3, co-authored 13 publications receiving 82 citations. Previous affiliations of Munawar Hussain Soomro include Isra University & Chandka Medical College.
Topics: Pregnancy, Health care, Asthma, Population, Medicine
Papers
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Karolinska Institutet1, International Agency for Research on Cancer2, University of Bristol3, University Medical Center Groningen4, Wageningen University and Research Centre5, Boston Children's Hospital6, University of California, San Francisco7, University of Southern California8, University of Paris9, Imperial College London10, University of Hasselt11, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke12, Erasmus University Rotterdam13, Dartmouth College14, Cranfield University15, University of Memphis16, University of Oulu17, Max Planck Society18, Harvard University19, University of Western Australia20, Curtin University21, University of California, Berkeley22, Academy for Urban School Leadership23, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven24, Université de Sherbrooke25, University of Southern Denmark26, Pompeu Fabra University27, Michigan State University28, National Institutes of Health29, Norwegian Institute of Public Health30, University of Turku31, University of Helsinki32, Columbia University33, Brigham and Women's Hospital34, University of Copenhagen35, University of Southampton36, University of Melbourne37, University of Oxford38, Emory University39, Paris Descartes University40, Oslo University Hospital41, Charité42, University of Montpellier43, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute44, University of Basel45, Karolinska University Hospital46, Science for Life Laboratory47
TL;DR: In this article, a meta-analysis of Illumina's HumanMethylation450-array associations between gestational age and cord blood DNA methylation in 3648 newborns from 17 cohorts without common pregnancy complications, induced delivery or caesarean section was performed.
Abstract: Preterm birth and shorter duration of pregnancy are associated with increased morbidity in neonatal and later life. As the epigenome is known to have an important role during fetal development, we investigated associations between gestational age and blood DNA methylation in children. We performed meta-analysis of Illumina’s HumanMethylation450-array associations between gestational age and cord blood DNA methylation in 3648 newborns from 17 cohorts without common pregnancy complications, induced delivery or caesarean section. We also explored associations of gestational age with DNA methylation measured at 4–18 years in additional pediatric cohorts. Follow-up analyses of DNA methylation and gene expression correlations were performed in cord blood. DNA methylation profiles were also explored in tissues relevant for gestational age health effects: fetal brain and lung. We identified 8899 CpGs in cord blood that were associated with gestational age (range 27–42 weeks), at Bonferroni significance, P < 1.06 × 10− 7, of which 3343 were novel. These were annotated to 4966 genes. After restricting findings to at least three significant adjacent CpGs, we identified 1276 CpGs annotated to 325 genes. Results were generally consistent when analyses were restricted to term births. Cord blood findings tended not to persist into childhood and adolescence. Pathway analyses identified enrichment for biological processes critical to embryonic development. Follow-up of identified genes showed correlations between gestational age and DNA methylation levels in fetal brain and lung tissue, as well as correlation with expression levels. We identified numerous CpGs differentially methylated in relation to gestational age at birth that appear to reflect fetal developmental processes across tissues. These findings may contribute to understanding mechanisms linking gestational age to health effects.
84 citations
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TL;DR: The role of maternal exposure to lead, cadmium and manganese to gestational diabetes mellitus on diagnosed GDM and impaired glucose tolerance in diabetes-free mothers from the French EDEN mother-child cohort is determined.
46 citations
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TL;DR: A large number of studies have found that in utero exposures to heavy metals can influence the development of the immune system and thus contribute to disease development.
Abstract: BACKGROUND Accumulating evidence suggests that in utero exposures can influence the development of the immune system and thus contribute to disease development. Studies investigating the association between prenatal exposures to heavy metals and atopic diseases, however, are scarce. METHODS Children from the EDEN birth cohort were prospectively followed up using parental questionnaires with validated questions on asthma, allergic rhinitis, eczema, and food allergy symptoms. The questionnaires were administered every 4 months during the children's first year, and then every year until the age of 5, with a final survey at the age of 8. Serum concentrations of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and manganese (Mn) were assessed in maternal blood samples collected during mid-pregnancy and in cord blood of 651 mother-children pairs. Hazard ratios (HR) for the incidence of each atopic disease in relation to the exposure to metals were calculated using Cox proportional hazard models. RESULTS Levels of Cd in cord blood were associated with greater risk of asthma (hazard ratio [95% confidence interval] for upper vs lower quartile: 1.81 [1.00-3.29]), eczema (1.60 [1.09-2.35]), and food allergy (3.17 [1.36-7.38]), while Mn levels in maternal serum were associated with eczema (1.55 [1.05-2.28]). These associations were similar in males and females and were confirmed using log concentrations of metals as exposures. CONCLUSIONS Our results support the hypothesis that fetal exposure to heavy metals may affect the development of asthma, eczema, and food allergy in childhood and suggest that timing of exposure in utero may have a role in these associations.
19 citations
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TL;DR: Communities should be provided with educational programs on sexual health through community based organization and the establishment of youth friendly service centers with easy access to communities in urban as well as in rural areas would encourage young people to use sexual health services more frequently.
Abstract: Background : Sexual behavior of young people is becoming one of the important social and major publichealth concerns in recent years Despite the large population of young people, their needs receive limited programmatic and policy attention Youth-friendly sexual and reproductive health services are lacking despite the existence of national guidelines that call for youth-friendly services The aim of this study was to determine the barriers to utilization of sexual health services among young people of Badi community of Nepal Materials & Methods : This qualitative study included the young people, 15-24 years of age among the Badi community in district Dang Nepal We conducted 22 in-depth interviews by using the interview guideline among the young people Written and verbal informed consent was taken from each research participants before data collection Results : Fourteen of the participants were males and eight were females Participants were divided into two age groups: 15-19 and 20-24 and there were eight and fourteen participants from each group respectively Rural participants were not satisfied with the services provided to them We observed that discrimination, beliefs of society and feeling of shame towards family norms, lack of information about existing services, poor gender friendly services,lack of privacy and confidentiality and poor availability of the services pose the barriers to utilization of the sexual health services Conclusions : Communities should be provided with educational programs on sexual health through community based organization and the establishment of youth friendly service centers with easy access to communities in urban as well as in rural areas would encourage young people to use sexual health services more frequently J MEDICINE JUL 2018; 19 (2) : 79-83
9 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the association between maternal exposure to phthalates during pregnancy and pregnancy induced hypertension was evaluated by applying multiple logistic regression analysis, and two low molecular weight phthalate metabolites (MEP and Mono-n-butyl Phthalate) were positively associated with pregnancy-induced hypertension in crude and adjusted models respectively.
Abstract: Background Studies have suggested that exposure to endocrine disruptors such as phthalates that are widely used in our daily life (food wrapping, cosmetics, toys, medical devices, polyvinyl chloride flooring, and building materials) might be related to raised blood pressure and increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. Phthalates might induce a pro-inflammatory response and increased oxidative stress and may be a cause of pregnancy induced hypertension. Methods We evaluated the association between maternal exposure to phthalates during pregnancy and pregnancy induced hypertension. 604 pregnant women were included and eleven phthalate metabolites were quantified in spot maternal urine samples collected between the 23rd and 28th week of gestation in a French EDEN mother-child cohort. The associations were assessed by applying multiple logistic regression analysis. Results Twenty nine (4,8%) mothers developed pregnancy induced hypertension. Two low molecular weight phthalate metabolites: Monoethyl phthalate (MEP) and Mono-n‑butyl phthalate (MBP) were positively associated with pregnancy induced hypertension in crude (Odds Ratio: 1.43, 95% Confidence Interval: 1.04–1.96, p-value = 0.02 and 1.48, 1.10–2.01, p-value =0.01) and in adjusted (1.47, 1.01–2.14, p-value = 0.04 and 1.66, 1.11–2.47, p-value = 0.01) models respectively. Conclusion Our data suggest that prenatal exposure to some phthalates, including MEP and MBP, might play a role in pregnancy induced hypertension.
8 citations
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17 Mar 2016
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors conducted a genome-wide association meta-analysis of body fat percentage (BF%) in up to 100,716 individuals to increase the understanding of the genetic basis of adiposity and its links to cardiometabolic disease risk.
Abstract: To increase our understanding of the genetic basis of adiposity and its links to cardiometabolic disease risk, we conducted a genome-wide association meta-analysis of body fat percentage (BF%) in up to 100,716 individuals. Twelve loci reached genome-wide significance (P<5 × 10(-8)), of which eight were previously associated with increased overall adiposity (BMI, BF%) and four (in or near COBLL1/GRB14, IGF2BP1, PLA2G6, CRTC1) were novel associations with BF%. Seven loci showed a larger effect on BF% than on BMI, suggestive of a primary association with adiposity, while five loci showed larger effects on BMI than on BF%, suggesting association with both fat and lean mass. In particular, the loci more strongly associated with BF% showed distinct cross-phenotype association signatures with a range of cardiometabolic traits revealing new insights in the link between adiposity and disease risk.
169 citations
University Medical Center Groningen1, Karolinska Institutet2, University of Paris3, Utrecht University4, National Health Service5, University of Southern California6, University of Crete7, Maastricht University8, University of Valencia9, University of Bologna10, Oslo University Hospital11, University of Oslo12, University of Helsinki13, McGill University14, Institute for Systems Biology15, University of Cambridge16, Boston Children's Hospital17, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute18, University of Basel19, University of Arizona20, Pompeu Fabra University21, University of Tampere22, French Institute of Health and Medical Research23, Radboud University Nijmegen24, National Institutes of Health25, University of Montpellier26, Charité27, University of Eastern Finland28, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi29, University of the Basque Country30, King's College London31, Stockholm County Council32
TL;DR: In this paper, a large-scale epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) within the Mechanisms of the Development of ALLergy (MeDALL) project was conducted to assess methylation profiles associated with childhood asthma.
Abstract: Summary Background DNA methylation profiles associated with childhood asthma might provide novel insights into disease pathogenesis. We did an epigenome-wide association study to assess methylation profiles associated with childhood asthma. Methods We did a large-scale epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) within the Mechanisms of the Development of ALLergy (MeDALL) project. We examined epigenome-wide methylation using Illumina Infinium Human Methylation450 BeadChips (450K) in whole blood in 207 children with asthma and 610 controls at age 4–5 years, and 185 children with asthma and 546 controls at age 8 years using a cross-sectional case-control design. After identification of differentially methylated CpG sites in the discovery analysis, we did a validation study in children (4–16 years; 247 cases and 2949 controls) from six additional European cohorts and meta-analysed the results. We next investigated whether replicated CpG sites in cord blood predict later asthma in 1316 children. We subsequently investigated cell-type-specific methylation of the identified CpG sites in eosinophils and respiratory epithelial cells and their related gene-expression signatures. We studied cell-type specificity of the asthma association of the replicated CpG sites in 455 respiratory epithelial cell samples, collected by nasal brushing of 16-year-old children as well as in DNA isolated from blood eosinophils (16 with asthma, eight controls [age 2–56 years]) and compared this with whole-blood DNA samples of 74 individuals with asthma and 93 controls (age 1–79 years). Whole-blood transcriptional profiles associated with replicated CpG sites were annotated using RNA-seq data of subsets of peripheral blood mononuclear cells sorted by fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Findings 27 methylated CpG sites were identified in the discovery analysis. 14 of these CpG sites were replicated and passed genome-wide significance (p −7 ) after meta-analysis. Consistently lower methylation levels were observed at all associated loci across childhood from age 4 to 16 years in participants with asthma, but not in cord blood at birth. All 14 CpG sites were significantly associated with asthma in the second replication study using whole-blood DNA, and were strongly associated with asthma in purified eosinophils. Whole-blood transcriptional signatures associated with these CpG sites indicated increased activation of eosinophils, effector and memory CD8 T cells and natural killer cells, and reduced number of naive T cells. Five of the 14 CpG sites were associated with asthma in respiratory epithelial cells, indicating cross-tissue epigenetic effects. Interpretation Reduced whole-blood DNA methylation at 14 CpG sites acquired after birth was strongly associated with childhood asthma. These CpG sites and their associated transcriptional profiles indicate activation of eosinophils and cytotoxic T cells in childhood asthma. Our findings merit further investigations of the role of epigenetics in a clinical context. Funding EU and the Seventh Framework Programme (the MeDALL project).
123 citations
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TL;DR: The main results of the regression analysis validate that health care services, such as laboratory and diagnostic care, preventive healthcare, and prenatal care, have a significant and positive effect on patient satisfaction and suggest that the physician’s behavior significantly moderates the effect of health care Services on the satisfaction of patients.
Abstract: Patient satisfaction is a measure of the extent to which a patient is content with the health care they received from their health care provider. Patient satisfaction is one of the most important factors to determine the success of a health care facility. The purpose of this study was to determine patient satisfaction with healthcare services and encompass the physician's behavior as moderation between patient satisfaction and healthcare services. The study seeks to measure the health care services, like a laboratory and diagnostic care, preventive healthcare and prenatal care, to patient satisfaction in the public health sectors of Pakistan. A descriptive survey research design was used for this study. The target population was patients from the out-patient department (OPD) of three public hospitals from Pakistan. By using the convenient sampling technique, 290 sample participants were selected from the target population. The reliability scales were tallied by using Cronbach's Alpha. The findings of the study are gleaned by using regression to explore patient satisfaction with the health care services, and whether or not the physician's behavior moderates the link of patient satisfaction and healthcare services. SPSS Hayes process was used for the moderation effect of the physician's behavior. The main results of the regression analysis validate that health care services, such as laboratory and diagnostic care, preventive healthcare, and prenatal care, have a significant and positive effect on patient satisfaction. Specifically, the study suggests that the physician's behavior significantly moderates the effect of health care services on the satisfaction of patients. The overall opinions about the satisfaction level of patients for the availability of health services in the hospitals were good. The degree of satisfaction was satisfactory with respect to laboratory and diagnostic care, preventive healthcare, and prenatal care services. Based on the outcomes, the study confirms that the proposed hypotheses are statistically significant. Furthermore, the directions for future research of the study are offered.
112 citations
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TL;DR: This review is a summary of the bidirectional relationship between HMs and gut microbiota and of the probiotic-based protective strategies against HM-induced gut dysbiosis, with reference to strategies used in the food industry or for medically alleviating HM toxicity.
101 citations
01 Jan 2019
TL;DR: Novel loci differentially methylated in newborns represent potential biomarkers of risk of asthma by school age, and Asthma-related differential methylation in blood in children was substantially replicated in eosinophils and respiratory epithelium.
Abstract: BACKGROUND
Epigenetic mechanisms, including methylation, can contribute to childhood asthma. Identifying DNA methylation profiles in asthmatic patients can inform disease pathogenesis.
OBJECTIVE
We sought to identify differential DNA methylation in newborns and children related to childhood asthma.
METHODS
Within the Pregnancy And Childhood Epigenetics consortium, we performed epigenome-wide meta-analyses of school-age asthma in relation to CpG methylation (Illumina450K) in blood measured either in newborns, in prospective analyses, or cross-sectionally in school-aged children. We also identified differentially methylated regions.
RESULTS
In newborns (8 cohorts, 668 cases), 9 CpGs (and 35 regions) were differentially methylated (epigenome-wide significance, false discovery rate < 0.05) in relation to asthma development. In a cross-sectional meta-analysis of asthma and methylation in children (9 cohorts, 631 cases), we identified 179 CpGs (false discovery rate < 0.05) and 36 differentially methylated regions. In replication studies of methylation in other tissues, most of the 179 CpGs discovered in blood replicated, despite smaller sample sizes, in studies of nasal respiratory epithelium or eosinophils. Pathway analyses highlighted enrichment for asthma-relevant immune processes and overlap in pathways enriched both in newborns and children. Gene expression correlated with methylation at most loci. Functional annotation supports a regulatory effect on gene expression at many asthma-associated CpGs. Several implicated genes are targets for approved or experimental drugs, including IL5RA and KCNH2.
CONCLUSION
Novel loci differentially methylated in newborns represent potential biomarkers of risk of asthma by school age. Cross-sectional associations in children can reflect both risk for and effects of disease. Asthma-related differential methylation in blood in children was substantially replicated in eosinophils and respiratory epithelium.
58 citations