Murugesan Sankarganesh

Bio: Murugesan Sankarganesh is an academic researcher from Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur. The author has contributed to research in topics: Schiff base & Ligand (biochemistry). The author has an hindex of 13, co-authored 37 publications receiving 457 citations. Previous affiliations of Murugesan Sankarganesh include The American College of Financial Services & American College, Madurai.

A Schiff base receptor as a fluorescence turn-on sensor for Ni2+ ions in living cells and logic gate application

Abstract: A new receptor (R) with easily available “off–on–off” colorimetric and fluorescent responses was synthesized and characterized using 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and ESI-MS studies. It exhibited selective and sensitive detection towards Ni2+ ion without having any interference from other tested metal ions. The changes in the obtained photophysical properties are due to the chelation-enhanced fluorescence effect (CHEF) caused by the ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT) that occur after the addition of Ni2+ to the receptor. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations have theoretically supported the changes in the examined absorption and fluorescence spectra. Moreover, the receptor could be successfully oriented with the molecular logic functions of OR, AND, NOR, and NOT gates. Furthermore, the receptor efficacy was studied by examining the changes in intracellular Ni2+ in the HeLa cells. The receptor has been explored for a possible application in the real sample analysis and a test kit for the detection of Ni2+.

Biologically Active Cu(II), Co(II), Ni(II) and Zn(II) Complexes of Pyrimidine Derivative Schiff Base: DNA Binding, Antioxidant, Antibacterial and In Vitro Anticancer Studies

Abstract: A new pyrimidine derivative Schiff base ligand (HL) [HL = 2-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-ylimino)methyl)-4-nitrophenol] and its metal(II) complexes [CuL2] (1), [CoL2] (2), [NiL2] (3) and [ZnL2] (4) have been synthesized and characterized by several spectral techniques. The square planar geometry of the complexes 1–4 confirmed by UV-Visible, ESR and EI-mass spectral techniques. DNA binding study of the complexes 1–4 with Calf Thymus (CT) DNA using absorption spectral titration at different pH (4.0, 7.0 & 10.0) have been scrutinized that the complexes 1–4 bound by groove binding mode with significant binding constant values (K b = 5.61 × 105 M−1 (1), 2.60 × 105 M−1 (2), 2.48 × 105 M−1 (3) and 6.98 × 104 M−1 (4) at pH = 10.0. Binding nature of the complexes 1–4 with CT DNA has further confirmed by emission, viscometry and cyclic voltammetry which also recommended that complexes 1–4 bound with CT DNA. The complexes 1–4 possessed effective scavenging effect during the DPPH and SOD radical scavenging method. The antibacterial activity of the complexes 1–4 was vetted against several bacterial strains and the results shows that the ligand (HL) and complexes 1–4 are more active in Bascillus subtilis. The anticancer activity of the complexes 1–4 was evaluated against Human Breast Cancer Cells (MCF-7), Human Cervical Cancer Cells (HeLa), Human Laryngeal Epithelial Carcinoma (HEp2) and Normal Human Dermal Fibroblast (NHDF) by MTT assay, which revealed that complexes 1 & 2 have modest activity against the cancer cell lines than ligand (HL) and complexes 3 & 4.

New pyrimidine based ligand capped gold and platinum nano particles: Synthesis, characterization, antimicrobial, antioxidant, DNA interaction and in vitro anticancer activities.

Abstract: In this research work, we have synthesized new pyrimidine based Schiff base ligand, 2-((4,6-dimethoxypyrimidine-2-yl)methyleneenamino)-6-methoxyphenol (DPMM) capped gold (Au) and platinum (Pt) nanoparticles (NPs) by modified Brust-Schiffrin method. The characteristics of DPMM-Au NPs and DPMM-Pt NPs have been examined by UV-Visible, FTIR, SEM, TEM and powder XRD analysis. SEM analysis result shows that surface morphology of the DPMM-Au NPs and DPMM-Pt NPs are in granular and spherical shape, correspondingly. The size of the DPMM-Au NPs and DPMM-Pt NPs are approximately 38.14±4.5 and 58.64±3.0nm respectively, which confirmed by TEM analysis. The DPMM-Au NPs and DPMM-Pt NPs have potent antimicrobial against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Shigella sonnei, Staphylococcus aureus and Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, Mucor indicus, Rhizopus strains. The DPMM-Au NPs and DPMM-Pt NPs have good antioxidant activities than the free ligand (DPMM). The spectroscopic and viscometric measurement confirms the hydrophobic DNA binding abilities of the newly prepared DPMM capped metal NPs. Moreover, the in vitro anticancer activity of DPMM, DPMM-Au NPs and DPMM-Pt NPs against cancer (MCF-7, HeLa & HEp2) and normal (NHDF) cell lines have performed using MTT assay. These results reveals that, DPMM-Au NPs and DPMM-Pt NPs having significant cytotoxic activity against the cancer cell lines and least toxic effect on normal cell line as compared to standard drug cisplatin.

Antibacterial and antioxidant potential of biosynthesized copper nanoparticles mediated through Cissus arnotiana plant extract.

Abstract: Environment friendly methods for the synthesis of copper nanoparticles have become a valuable trend in the current scenario. The utilization of phytochemicals from plant extracts has become a unique technology for the synthesis of nanoparticles, as they possess dual nature of reducing and capping agents to the nanoparticles. In the present investigation we have synthesized copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) using a rare medicinal plant Cissus arnotiana and evaluated their antibacterial activity against gram negative and gram positive bacteria. The morphology and characterization of the synthesized CuNPs were studied and done using UV-Visible spectroscopy at a wavelength range of 350–380 nm. XRD studies were performed for analyzing the crystalline nature; SEM and TEM for evaluating the spherical shape within the size range of 60–90 nm and AFM was performed to check the surface roughness. The biosynthesized CuNPs showed better antibacterial activity against the gram-negative bacteria, E. coli with an inhibition zone of 22.20 ± 0.16 mm at 75 μg/ml. The antioxidant property observed was comparatively equal with the standard antioxidant agent ascorbic acid at a maximum concentration of 40 μg/ ml. This is the first study reported on C. arnotiana mediated biosynthesis of copper nanoparticles, where we believe that the findings can pave way for a new direction in the field of nanotechnology and nanomedicine where there is a significant potential for antibacterial and antioxidant activities. We predict that, these could lead to an exponential increase in the field of biomedical applications, with the utilization of green synthesized CuNPs, due to its remarkable properties. The highest antibacterial property was observed with gram-negative strains mainly, E. coli , due to its thin peptidoglycan layer and electrostatic interactions between the bacterial cell wall and CuNPs surfaces. Hence, CuNPs can be potent therapeutic agents in several biomedical applications, which are yet to be explored in the near future.

A review of the applications of Schiff bases as optical chemical sensors

Abstract: Schiff bases and their metal complexes have become well-known for catalytic (e.g., in various synthetic processes) and biological properties (e.g., antifungal, antibacterial, anti-malarial, and antiviral characteristics) since their discovery by Hugo Schiff in 1864. As synthetic compounds, they are employed as versatile tools in numerous applications such as fluorescent turn-on/turn-off sensors for the determination of diverse analytes (e.g., metallic components). As such, they can offer a way to identify toxic ions and/or to provide their speciation in environmental media. This review covers a broad range of Schiff bases that are used in sensing applications for metallic cations and anions in various kinds of environmental and biological media.

Anthocyanin food colorant and its application in pH-responsive color change indicator films.

Abstract: Recently, interest in smart packaging, which can show the color change of the packaging film according to the state of the food and evaluate the quality or freshness of the packaged food in real-time, is increasing. As a color indicator, a natural colorant, anthocyanin, drew a lot of attention due to their various colors as well as useful functions properties such as antioxidant activity and anti-carcinogenic and anti-inflammatory effects, prevention of cardiovascular disease, obesity, and diabetes. In particular, the pH-responsive color-changing function of anthocyanins is useful for making color indicator smart packaging films. This review addressed the latest information on the use of natural pigment anthocyanins for intelligent and active food packaging applications. Recent studies on eco-friendly biodegradable polymer-based color indicator films incorporated with anthocyanins have been addressed. Also, studies on the use of smart packaging films to monitor the freshness of foods such as milk, meat, and fish were reviewed. This review highlights the potential and challenges for the use of anthocyanins as pH-responsive color-changing films for intelligent food packaging applications, which may be beneficial for further development of smart color indicator films for practical use.