Myron S. Cohen

TL;DR: Estimates of the heterosexual infectivity of HIV-1 were very heterogeneous, ranging from zero transmissions after more than 100 penile-vaginal contacts in some serodiscordant couples to one transmission for every 3.1 episodes of heterosexual anal intercourse.

TL;DR: This study demonstrates that the penetration of different human mucosal tissues and their exposure to the pro-drugs TFV and FTC and their active metabolites TFV-DP and FTC-TP is wide ranging and dependent on the tissue type, and reinforces the fact that the success of PrEP will depend on selecting the correct ART that achieves a critical concentration and duration of exposure in vulnerable mucosal tissue.

TL;DR: The results emphasized the importance of phagocytic cells in defense against fungi and the need for further evaluation of granulocyte transfusion therapy in compromised hosts in whom fungal infections develop.

TL;DR: Higher multiplicity of HIV-1 infection in MSM compared with HSX is consistent with the demonstrably higher epidemiological risk of virus acquisition in MSM and could indicate a greater challenge for HIV- 1 vaccines than previously recognized.

TL;DR: The results suggest that early infection plays an important part in HIV transmission in this sub-Saharan African setting, and interventions during chronic infection will probably have incomplete effectiveness unless complemented by strategies targeting individuals with early HIV infection.