This work describes the design of innovative IoT-oriented farm management system that employs low-cost WSN for detecting soil, environmental and crops parameters that properly processed, in combination with weather forecasts, are used to determine future farming activities based on agronomic models implemented in the software platform. Goals of carried out research activity are to guarantee production both qualitatively and quantitatively of cultivated crops, to increase company income and reduce environmental impacts; achieving these objectives is a prerequisite for implementing of sustainable agriculture. Connection between traditional cropping systems and innovative technologies is achieved through the utilization of low-cost wireless electronic modules for acquiring data from connected sensors. The fertigation system operation is supported by solar-powered low-cost WSN capable of constantly monitoring soil and environmental parameters; thanks to sensor nodes properly positioned in cultivated land or greenhouse, interest parameters of both air and soil are detected and transmitted to on-cloud database, to allow monitoring and remote control from enabled users (farmer or agronomist). For this aim, an application specifically realized and tested during the different fertigation system’s functional tests, allows users to visualize and eventually remotely intervene by using a smart-phone or tablet.

https://beei.org/index.php/EEI/article/download/2177/1437

IoT-oriented software platform applied to sensors-based farming facility with smartphone farmer app

In the article measures of financial state support of the innovations realized by small and medium scale enterprises from a stage of origin of the innovative idea are considered. The analysis of tender according to the order of the Government No. 218 about cooperation of higher education institutions and production enterprises is carried out. Basic reasons of a deviation of bids at primary stage of selection are established and systematized. The successful experiment of FEFU is shown: the information support of small enterprises; the search of sources of financing of the projects which are at a stage it is scientific researches, on means of the software product developed within the university.

Using of Instruments of the State Support for Integration of Science and Business on the Example of Far Eastern Federal University

The greatest impact on machine uptime and performance is the timely and high-quality maintenance. The main contradiction is inherent in the system of maintenance and use of machines, in the coincidence of the timing of their performance: the more time is spent, the more maintenance operations need to be performed. As a result, during busy periods of fieldwork, to ensure high operating time, to the detriment of prevention, the mechanic has to virtually eliminate only the consequences of failures, which leads to their increase, machine productivity is reduced and operating costs increase. With the current trend of having more than one machine per operator, the operator is physically unable to perform all types of maintenance and repair work alone. Therefore, it would be advisable to transfer some of these works to specialized enterprises. The problem of increasing the reliability of tractors can also be solved by deeper specialization and intensification of maintenance operations during their transfer to nonstressed periods of fieldwork. In the work the structure of formation of technical service at the enterprises of agroindustrial complex is proposed and theoretically grounded. The main advantages of the proposed system of technical service are considered.

Feasibility and efficiency of agricultural machinery maintenance

Mathematical Modeling and Information Technologies in the Management of Tractor Maintenance Operations

Assessment of the status of ecosystems experiencing anthropogenic impact is based on the ability of plant communities in such ecosystems to withstand these disturbances or to mitigate their effects fast enough. The aim of this paper is to analyze the impact of global climate change on carbon balance of plant communities of South Asia. To achieve this objective, the spatial model of global carbon cycle developed by the Computing Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS CC) was used to calculate the impact of industrial CO2 emissions as well as the main causes of carbon losses in the investigated region (deforestation and soil erosion) on the dynamics of carbon accumulation in the humus and phytomass of forest ecosystems. India was selected as a model country to assess and compare the compensatory functions of plant communities. On the basis of the spatial mathematical model of the global carbon cycle in the biosphere, changes in CO emissions as a result of burning fossil fuels, deforestation, and soil erosion associated with improper land use in South Asia were estimated. The impact of deforestation and soil erosion on climate change in South Asia is forecast up to the year 2060. A comparison of regulatory functions of different types of plant communities was performed for the study area. The calculations data revealed some regularities occurring in the ecosystems of South Asia under the impact of CO2 emissions, deforestation, and soil erosion due to improper land use. Mathematical modelling has shown the dependence of growth of humus and phytomass of vegetation on the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere. Quantitative forecast of the dynamics of the ecosystem characteristics of plant communities depending on the growing region has been performed.

Impact of Gobal Climate Change on the Dynamics of Carbon Balance of Plant Communities in South Asia

Improvement of modern technical systems and technologies. Increasing the productivity of modern agricultural machines with increasing their weight, which leads, in the course of their work, to a significant compaction of the soil. The heterogeneity of the soil, as a bearing surface, causes not adjustable fluctuations in the workplace, which makes automation of the application of robotics more difficult. Modern solutions to the problems of reducing the negative impact on the soil, increasing the permeability of aggregates due to the reconstruction of the propulsors do not give the proper effect. More cardinally solve these problems, as well as the ability to implement automation and robotics bridge systems such as ABAC, moving along rail tracks, AASP on vertical piles and point gravel-halide supports with concrete platforms. The most promising of these is the AAS platform, which is a 30x10 m bridge structure that moves by step-by-step extension, the beams onto 3 subsequent pads located 10 m away. After entering the new position of the bridge platform, along the long 30-meter span beams Moves the work-technological module with a set of working elements, performing the programmed operations. Thus, in the AASP bridge system under consideration, the soil area subjected to compaction at reference points is just over 1% of the 70% protraction of modern machines. Compared to the ABAC system, moving along railways, the equipment of point supports is much less expensive and requires insignificant operating costs. At the same time, the rigidity of AASP design ensures stable operation of technological mechanisms in a programmed robotic mode with a minimum of unproductive energy costs associated with movement.

https://journal.portalgaruda.org/index.php/EEI/article/download/920/868

N. I. Tchernyshev

Papers

Basic Robotecnical Platform for Implementation of Accurate Farming Technologies

Bridge Agriculture as the Basis of Preserving Soiled Bioorganisms