Nancy M. Bennett

Bio: Nancy M. Bennett is an academic researcher from Oklahoma State Department of Health. The author has contributed to research in topics: Population & Epidemiology. The author has an hindex of 7, co-authored 10 publications receiving 865 citations.

Use of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine and 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine for adults with immunocompromising conditions : recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP).

Abstract: On June 20, 2012, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommended routine use of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13; Prevnar 13, Wyeth Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a subsidiary of Pfizer, Inc.) for adults aged ≥19 years with immunocompromising conditions, functional or anatomic asplenia, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks, or cochlear implants. PCV13 should be administered to eligible adults in addition to the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23; Pneumovax 23, Merck & Co. Inc.), the vaccine currently recommended for these groups of adults. The evidence for the benefits and risk of PCV13 vaccination of adults with immunocompromising conditions was evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) framework and designated as a Category A recommendation. This report outlines the new ACIP recommendations for PCV13 use; explains the recommendations for the use of PCV13 and PPSV23 among adults with immunocompromising conditions, functional or anatomic asplenia, CSF leaks, or cochlear implants; and summarizes the evidence considered by ACIP to make its recommendations.

Early-onset group B streptococcal disease-United States, 1998-1999.

Abstract: Despite recent declines, early-onset group B streptococcus (GBS) is a leading cause of neonatal sepsis, resulting in approximately 2200 infections each year among children aged <7 days in the United States (1). To identify opportunities for improved prevention, the Active Bacterial Core Surveillance (ABCs)/Emerging Infections Program Network reviewed birth histories of infants with early-onset GBS disease. This report summarizes the results of this analysis and indicates that most mothers of infants with early-onset disease did not receive intrapartum antibiotics and that further declines in disease incidence are likely with better prevention efforts. To prevent perinatal GBS disease, two strategies are recommended: the risk-based and the screening-based approach (2–4). Under the risk-based approach, women in labor who have risk factors for GBS transmission (e.g., fever, prolonged rupture of the membranes, or preterm delivery) are offered intrapartum chemoprophylaxis. Under the screening-based approach, all pregnant women are tested for GBS carriage between 35–37 weeks' gestation by collecting vaginal and rectal combined swabs, and GBS carriers are offered intrapartum chemoprophylaxis. Birth histories of infants with early-onset GBS disease in 1998 and 1999 were evaluated to determine whether cases might have been prevented by either of these strategies. A case of early-onset GBS disease was defined as the isolation of group B strepto-cocci from a normally sterile site from an infant aged <7 days born to a resident of the ABCs surveillance area and Tennessee). To assess the quality of early-onset GBS disease intervention, surveillance staff reviewed prenatal GBS screening , risks for infection at the time of labor, receipt of intrapartum antibiotics, and infant outcome. In Connecticut, prenatal provider records also were reviewed. The incidence of early-onset disease was calculated using live birth data for 1997 from the National Center for Health Statistics. Surveillance reports indicated 190 cases of early-onset GBS disease in 1998 and 153 cases in 1999 (Table 1). Maternal labor and delivery records were available for 181 (96%) infants in 1998 and 141 (92%) infants in 1999. The case fatality ratio was 5%. In 1999, the incidence of disease was 0.7 per 1000 live births among black infants, 0.5 among Hispanic infants, and 0.3 among white infants. Prenatal GBS testing was documented in 104 (35%) of 322 women; 36 (35%) had a positive result (Table 2). Among the 82 women who had documented dates of screening and gestational age at delivery, 52 (63%) were screened after 33 weeks of pregnancy. GBS …

Epidemiology of Infant Meningococcal Disease in the United States, 2006-2012

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The incidence of meningococcal disease is currently at historic lows in the United States; however, incidence remains highest among infants aged Haemophilus influenzae type b and pneumococcal vaccines in infants and children in the United States, Neisseria meningitidis remains an important cause of bacterial meningitis in young children. METHODS: Data were collected from active, population- and laboratory-based surveillance for N meningitidis conducted through Active Bacterial Core surveillance during 2006 through 2012. Expanded data collection forms were completed for infant cases identified in the surveillance area during 2006 through 2010. RESULTS: An estimated 113 cases of culture-confirmed meningococcal disease occurred annually among infants aged CONCLUSIONS: The burden of meningococcal disease remains highest in young infants and serogroup B predominates. Vaccines that provide long-term protection early in life have the potential to reduce the burden of meningococcal disease, especially if they provide protection against serogroup B meningococcal disease.

Prevention of perinatal group B streptococcal disease. Revised guidelines from CDC.

Abstract: Despite substantial progress in prevention of perinatal group B streptococcal (GBS) disease since the 1990s, GBS remains the leading cause of early-onset neonatal sepsis in the United States In 1996, CDC, in collaboration with relevant professional societies, published guidelines for the prevention of perinatal group B streptococcal disease (CDC Prevention of perinatal group B streptococcal disease: a public health perspective MMWR 1996;45[No RR-7]); those guidelines were updated and republished in 2002 (CDC Prevention of perinatal group B streptococcal disease: revised guidelines from CDC MMWR 2002;51[No RR-11]) In June 2009, a meeting of clinical and public health representatives was held to reevaluate prevention strategies on the basis of data collected after the issuance of the 2002 guidelines This report presents CDC's updated guidelines, which have been endorsed by the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, the American Academy of Pediatrics, the American College of Nurse-Midwives, the American Academy of Family Physicians, and the American Society for Microbiology The recommendations were made on the basis of available evidence when such evidence was sufficient and on expert opinion when available evidence was insufficient The key changes in the 2010 guidelines include the following: • expanded recommendations on laboratory methods for the identification of GBS, • clarification of the colony-count threshold required for reporting GBS detected in the urine of pregnant women, • updated algorithms for GBS screening and intrapartum chemoprophylaxis for women with preterm labor or preterm premature rupture of membranes, • a change in the recommended dose of penicillin-G for chemoprophylaxis, • updated prophylaxis regimens for women with penicillin allergy, and • a revised algorithm for management of newborns with respect to risk for early-onset GBS disease Universal screening at 35-37 weeks' gestation for maternal GBS colonization and use of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis has resulted in substantial reductions in the burden of early-onset GBS disease among newborns Although early-onset GBS disease has become relatively uncommon in recent years, the rates of maternal GBS colonization (and therefore the risk for early-onset GBS disease in the absence of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis) remain unchanged since the 1970s Continued efforts are needed to sustain and improve on the progress achieved in the prevention of GBS disease There also is a need to monitor for potential adverse consequences of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (eg, emergence of bacterial antimicrobial resistance or increased incidence or severity of non-GBS neonatal pathogens) In the absence of a licensed GBS vaccine, universal screening and intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis continue to be the cornerstones of early-onset GBS disease prevention

Clinical practice guidelines in oncology

Abstract: Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of the breast represents a heterogeneous group of neoplastic lesions in the breast ducts. The goal for management of DCIS is to prevent the development of invasive breast cancer. This manuscript focuses on the NCCN Guidelines Panel recommendations for the workup, primary treatment, risk reduction strategies, and surveillance specific to DCIS.

2013 IDSA Clinical Practice Guideline for Vaccination of the Immunocompromised Host

Abstract: An international panel of experts prepared an evidenced-based guideline for vaccination of immunocompromised adults and children. These guidelines are intended for use by primary care and subspecialty providers who care for immunocompromised patients. Evidence was often limited. Areas that warrant future investigation are highlighted.