Narendra Kumar

Bio: Narendra Kumar is an academic researcher from Delhi Technological University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Electric power system & Control theory. The author has an hindex of 14, co-authored 113 publications receiving 768 citations. Previous affiliations of Narendra Kumar include Shiv Nadar University.

BFOA-scaled fractional order fuzzy PID controller applied to AGC of multi-area multi-source electric power generating systems

Abstract: In the fast developing world of today, automatic generation control (AGC) plays an incredibly significant role in offering inevident demand of good quality power supply in power system. To deliver a quality power, AGC system requires an efficient and intelligent control algorithm. Hence, in this paper, a novel fractional order fuzzy proportional-integral-derivative (FOFPID) controller is proposed for AGC of electric power generating systems. The proposed controller is tested for the first time on three structures of multi-area multi-source AGC system. The gains and fractional order parameters such as order of integrator (λ) and differentiator (µ and γ) of FOFPID controller are optimized using bacterial foraging optimization algorithm (BFOA). Initially, the proposed controller is implemented on a traditional two-area multi-source hydrothermal power system and its effectiveness is established by comparing the results with FOPID, fuzzy PID (FPID) and PI/PID controller based on recently published optimization techniques like hybrid firefly algorithm-pattern search (hFA-PS) and grey wolf optimization (GWO) algorithm. The approach is further extended to restructured multi-source hydrothermal and thermal gas systems. It is observed that the dynamic performance of the proposed BFOA optimized FOFPID controller is superior to BFOA optimized FPID/FOPID/PID and differential evolution (DE)/genetic algorithm (GA) optimized PID controllers. It is also detected that the dynamic responses obtained under different power transactions with/without appropriate generation rate constraint, time delay and governor dead-zone effectively satisfy the AGC requirement in deregulated environment. Moreover, robustness of the suggested approach is verified against wide variations in the nominal initial loading, system parameters, distribution company participation matrix structure and size and position of uncontracted power demand.

Design and analysis of BFOA-optimized fuzzy PI/PID controller for AGC of multi-area traditional/restructured electrical power systems

Abstract: In this paper, design and performance analysis of bacterial foraging optimization algorithm (BFOA)-optimized fuzzy PI/PID (FPI/FPID) controller for automatic generation control of multi-area interconnected traditional/restructured electrical power systems is presented. Firstly a traditional two-area non-reheat thermal system is considered, and gains of the fuzzy controller are tuned employing BFOA using integral of squared error objective function. The supremacy of this controller is demonstrated by juxtaposing the results with particle swarm optimization (PSO), firefly algorithm (FA), BFOA, hybrid BFOA–PSO-based PI and fuzzy PI controllers based upon pattern search (PS) and PSO algorithms for the same power system structure. The approach is then extended to a two-area reheat system, and improved results are found with the purported FPI/FPID controller in comparison with PSO and artificial bee colony optimized PI controller. Further, the approach is implemented on a traditional multi-source multi-area (MSMA) hydrothermal system and its superb performance is observed over genetic algorithm and hybrid FA–PS tuned PI controller. Additionally, to demonstrate the scalability of the designed controller to cope with restructured power system, the study is also protracted to a restructured MSMA hydrothermal power system. Finally, sensitivity analysis is performed to ascertain the robustness of the controller designed for the systems under study. It is observed that the suggested FPI/FPID controller optimized for nominal conditions is able to handle generation rate constraints and wide variations in nominal loading condition as well as system parameters.

An Indirect UPFC Model to Enhance Reusability of Newton Power-Flow Codes

Abstract: Power-flow modeling of a unified power-flow controller (UPFC) increases the complexities of the computer program codes for a Newton-Raphson load-flow (NRLF) analysis. This is due to the fact that modifications of the existing codes are needed for computing power injections, and the elements of the Jacobian matrix to take into account the contributions of the series and shunt voltage sources of the UPFC. Additionally, new codes for computing the UPFC real-power injection terms as well as the associated Jacobian matrix need to be developed. To reduce this complexity of programming codes, in this paper, an indirect yet exact UPFC model is proposed. In the proposed model, an existing power system installed with UPFC is transformed into an augmented equivalent network without any UPFC. Due to the absence of any UPFC, the augmented network can easily be solved by reusing the existing NRLF computer codes to obtain the solution of the original network containing UPFC(s). As a result, substantial reduction in the complexities of the computer program codes takes place. Additionally, the proposed model can also account for various practical device limit constraints of the UPFC.

Decoupling natural resource use and environmental impacts from economic growth

Abstract: Decoupling natural resource use and environmental impacts from economic growth. A Report of the Working Group on Decoupling to the International Resource Panel / Fischer-Kowalski, M., Swilling, M., von Weizsacker, E.U., Ren, Y., Moriguchi, Y., Crane, W., Krausmann, F., Eisenmenger, N., Giljum, S., Hennicke, P., Romero Lankao, P., Siriban Manalang, A. UNEP, 2011, 174 p., ISBN: 978-92-807-3167-5 http://www.unep.org/resourcepanel/decoupling/files/pdf/Decoupling_Report_English.pdf Voir ci-dessous...

Challenges and Opportunities of Load Frequency Control in Conventional, Modern and Future Smart Power Systems: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract: Power systems are the most complex systems that have been created by men in history To operate such systems in a stable mode, several control loops are needed Voltage frequency plays a vital role in power systems which need to be properly controlled To this end, primary and secondary frequency control loops are used to control the frequency of the voltage in power systems Secondary frequency control, which is called Load Frequency Control (LFC), is responsible for maintaining the frequency in a desirable level after a disturbance Likewise, the power exchanges between different control areas are controlled by LFC approaches In recent decades, many control approaches have been suggested for LFC in power systems This paper presents a comprehensive literature survey on the topic of LFC In this survey, the used LFC models for diverse configurations of power systems are firstly investigated and classified for both conventional and future smart power systems Furthermore, the proposed control strategies for LFC are studied and categorized into different control groups The paper concludes with highlighting the research gaps and presenting some new research directions in the field of LFC

Engineering aspects of the design, construction and performance of modular redox flow batteries for energy storage

Abstract: Despite many studies and several extensive reviews of redox flow batteries (RFBs) over the last three decades, information on engineering aspects is scarce, which hinders progress with scale-up and implementation of this energy storage technology. This review summarises cell design requirements then critically considers design, construction and cell features together with their benefits and problems, leading to good practice through improved cell performance, knowledge and experience. Techniques for the characterisation of the reaction environment are illustrated by measurements of mass transport to (and from) electrode surfaces as a function of flow conditions, as well as pressure drop and electrolyte flow dispersion. The influence of design features on performance is illustrated by the effect of process conditions on the components of cell potential. Adequate attention to engineering aspects is seen to be critical to the effective performance of RFBs, particularly during scale-up and long-term operation. Techniques for the characterisation of reaction environment are summarised and a list of essential design and construction factors is provided. Finally, critical areas needing research and development are highlighted.

[IEEE IEEE International Conference on Networking, Sensing and Control, 2004 - Taipei, Taiwan (March 21-23, 2004)] IEEE International Conference on Networking, Sensing and Control, 2004 - Particle swarm optimization algorithm and its application to clustering analysis

Abstract: Clustering analysis is applied generally to Pattern Recognition, Color Quantization and Image Classification. It can help the user to distinguish the structure of data and simplify the complexity of data from mass information. The user can understand the implied information behind extracting these data. In real case, the distribution of information can be any size and shape. A particle swarm optimization algorithm-based technique, called PSO-clustering, is proposed in this article. We adopt the particle swarm optimization to search the cluster center in the arbitrary data set automatically. PSO can search the best solution from the probability option of the Social-only model and Cognition-only model[1, 2, 3J. This method is quite simple and valid and it can avoid the minimum local value. Finally, the effectiveness of the PSO-clustering is demonstrated on four artificial data sets.