Niclas Björsell

Bio: Niclas Björsell is an academic researcher from Uppsala University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Amplifier & Integral nonlinearity. The author has an hindex of 18, co-authored 105 publications receiving 845 citations. Previous affiliations of Niclas Björsell include VU University Amsterdam & Royal Institute of Technology.

Performance Evaluation of Peak-to-Average Power Ratio Reduction and Digital Pre-Distortion for OFDM Based Systems

Abstract: In this paper, we evaluate the effect of applying peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) reduction and digital pre-distortion (DPD) on two types of radio frequency power amplifiers when an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signal is used. The power amplifiers under test are a standard class-AB amplifier and a Doherty amplifier. The PAPR reduction methods are based on a state-of-the art convex optimization formulation and on the standard clipping and filtering technique. The DPD method consists of modeling the behavior of the power amplifier using a parallel Hammerstein model, and then extracting the inverse parameters based on the indirect learning architecture. To achieve better DPD performance, extracting the DPD parameters based on multiple-step iterations is investigated. The cases where PAPR reduction and DPD are applied separately and combined are studied and investigated. Power amplifier figures of merit are evaluated. Good performance is shown when combining both pre-processing techniques up to a certain operating point where DPD performance deteriorates due to generation of strong peaks in the signal. In addition, a difference in the power amplifier behavior is reported and analyzed.

Energy and Eigenvalue Based Combined Fully Blind Self Adapted Spectrum Sensing Algorithm

Abstract: In this paper, a comparison between energy and maximum–minimum eigenvalue (MME) detectors is performed. The comparison has been made concerning the sensing complexity and the sensing accuracy in terms of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The impact of the signal bandwidth compared with the observation bandwidth is studied for each detector. For the energy detector, the probability of detection increases monotonically with the increase in the signal bandwidth. For the MME detector, an optimal value of the ratio between the signal bandwidth and the observation bandwidth is found to be 0.5 when reasonable values of the system dimensionality are used. Based on the comparison findings, a combined two-stage detector is proposed. The combined detector performance is evaluated based on simulations and measurements. The combined detector achieves better sensing accuracy than the two individual detectors with complexity that lies in between the two individual complexities. The combined detector is fully blind and self-adapted as the MME detector estimates the noise and feeds it back to the energy detector. The performance of the noise estimation process is evaluated in terms of the normalized mean square error (NMSE).

Postcorrection of Pipelined Analog–Digital Converters Based on Input-Dependent Integral Nonlinearity Modeling

Abstract: The integral nonlinearity (INL) is used for the postcorrection of analog-digital converters (ADCs). An input-frequency-dependent INL model is developed for the postcorrection. The model consists of a static term that is dependent on the ADC output code and a dynamic term that has an additional dependence on the input frequency. The concept of ADC digital output postcorrection by INL is first introduced. The INL model is subtracted from the digital output for postcorrection. The static compensation part is made by adjacent sets of gains and offsets, where each set corrects a range of output codes. The dynamic information, i.e., the frequency dependence of the INL dynamic component is used to construct a set of filter blocks that performs ADC compensation in the time domain. The compensation scheme is applied to the measured data of two ADCs of the same type (Analog Devices AD9430). Performance improvements in terms of spurious-free dynamic range, signal-to-noise and distortion ratio, intermodulation distortion, and noise are obtained. The dynamic compensation part, due to its frequency dependence, can be generalized; hence, a postcorrection block model can be used for compensating multiple ADCs of the same type.

Measuring Volterra Kernels of Analog-to-Digital Converters Using a Stepped Three-Tone Scan

Abstract: The Volterra theory can be used to mathematically model nonlinear dynamic components such as analog-to-digital converters (ADCs). This paper describes how frequency-domain Volterra kernels of an ADC are determined from measurements. The elements of the Volterra theory are given, and practical issues are considered, such as methods for signal conditioning and finding the appropriate test signals scenario and suitable sampling frequency. The results show that, for the used pipeline ADC, the frequency dependence is significantly stronger for second-order difference products than for sum products and the linear frequency dependence was not as pronounced as that of the second-order Volterra kernel. It is suggested that the Volterra kernels have the symmetry properties of a specific box model, namely, the parallel Hammerstein system.

Sample covariance matrix eigenvalues based blind SNR estimation

Abstract: In this paper, a newly developed SNR estimation algorithm is presented. The new algorithm is based on the eigenvalues of the samples covariance matrix of the recieved signal. The presented algorith ...

Quantum sensing

Abstract: "Quantum sensing" describes the use of a quantum system, quantum properties or quantum phenomena to perform a measurement of a physical quantity Historical examples of quantum sensors include magnetometers based on superconducting quantum interference devices and atomic vapors, or atomic clocks More recently, quantum sensing has become a distinct and rapidly growing branch of research within the area of quantum science and technology, with the most common platforms being spin qubits, trapped ions and flux qubits The field is expected to provide new opportunities - especially with regard to high sensitivity and precision - in applied physics and other areas of science In this review, we provide an introduction to the basic principles, methods and concepts of quantum sensing from the viewpoint of the interested experimentalist

IEEE Standard for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks Part 16: Air Interface for Fixed Broadband Wireless Access Systems Draft Amendment: Management Information Base Extensions

Abstract: This document provides updates to IEEE Std 802.16's MIB for the MAC, PHY and asso- ciated management procedures in order to accommodate recent extensions to the standard.

Advanced Calculus I

Abstract: WITH the ever-widening scope of modern mathematical analysis and its many ramifications, it is quite impossible to include, in a single volume of reasonable size, an adequate and exhaustive discussion of the calculus in its more advanced stages. It therefore becomes necessary, in planning a thoroughly sound course in the subject, to consider several important aspects of the vast field confronting a modern writer. The limitation of space renders the selection of subject-matter fundamentally dependent upon the aim of the course, which may or may not be related to the content of specific examination syllabuses. Logical development, too, may lead to the inclusion of many topics which, at present, may only be of academic interest, while others, of greater practical value, may have to be omitted. The experience and training of the writer may also have, more or less, a bearing on both these considerations.Advanced CalculusBy Dr. C. A. Stewart. Pp. xviii + 523. (London: Methuen and Co., Ltd., 1940.) 25s.

Behavioral modeling and predistortion

Abstract: In this article, a thorough overview of behavioral modeling and predistortion of dynamic nonlinearities in RF PAs and transmitters was presented. The sensitivity of the DUT behavior to the characteristics of the stimulus was reviewed to ensure appropriate conditions for accurate observation. Nearly all state-of-the-art behavioral models were described and their relative performance and complexity discussed. Similarities and specifics of behavioral modeling and digital predistortion were presented. Thereby, digital predistortion can be seen as a behavioral modeling problem for which performance assessment is much more straightforward. For DUT behavioral modeling, there is no comprehensive metric that allows the model performance evaluation while taking into account the model accuracy in predicting all the three components of the DUT behavior (in-band distortion, static nonlinearity and memory effects). Finally, a software digital predistortion solution that enables closed-loop wideband linearization was briefly presented with excellent linearization capabilities when amplifying a 12-carrier 60-MHZ wide WCDMA signal.

Optimal Resource Allocation in Coordinated Multi-Cell Systems

Abstract: The use of multiple antennas at base stations is a key component in the design of cellular communication systems that can meet high-capacity demands in the downlink. Under ideal conditions, the gai ...