Showing papers by "Nilesh J. Samani published in 2002"
TL;DR: This pilot study compared mean length of terminal restriction fragments (TRF), a measure of average telomere size, in leucocyte DNA of patients with severe coronary artery disease with that of 20 controls without CAD, finding cases had mean TRF lengths shorter than those of controls.
600 citations
TL;DR: Although AGT gene variants had no independent effects on either the presence of hypertension or ABP values in hypertensives, the –20A→C polymorphism had a marked influence on the relation between ambulatory systolic BP and BMI.
Abstract: Background— The extent to which genes modify the relationship between risk factors for hypertension and blood pressure (BP) is unclear. As angiotensinogen is expressed in adipose tissue and angiotensinogen (AGT) gene promoter variants influence the production of angiotensinogen, we evaluated the role of AGT gene variants as potential modifiers of body size–BP relations. Methods and Results— Five hundred twenty-one hypertensives of African origin sampled from a group with a high mean body mass index (BMI) had 24-hour ambulatory BP (ABP) measurements determined off therapy and were genotyped for the AGT –6G→A, –532C→T, –20A→C, and 704T→C (M235T) gene variants. Genotypes were also determined in 547 control subjects of African origin who had a normal clinic BP. The –6A and –532C alleles were concordant with the M235T variant. Although AGT gene variants had no independent effects on either the presence of hypertension or ABP values in hypertensives, the –20A→C polymorphism had a marked influence on the relatio...
80 citations
01 Jul 2002
TL;DR: The findings provide support from a prospective study for the hypothesis that there is an association between infection with CagA bearing strains of H pylori and coronary heart disease.
Abstract: Objective: To see whether it was possible to replicate in a prospective study the association recently reported between infection with the more virulent (type 1) cytotoxin associated gene A (CagA) antigen carrying strains of Helicobacter pylori and increased risk of coronary heart disease.
Design and setting: Nested case–control study in a clinical outcomes trial.
Subjects: Participants in the West of Scotland coronary prevention study.
Methods: H pylori CagA serological status was determined in plasma samples of 201 subjects (cases) who subsequently had a coronary event during follow up and in 414 subjects (controls) matched for age and smoking who remained event-free, using a semiquantitative commercial enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit against the p120 antigen of CagA.
Results: 105 (52%) in the case group and 176 (43%) in the control group were seropositive (odds ratio (OR) 1.49, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.06 to 2.10, p = 0.022). The association remained significant after adjustment for blood pressure, body mass index, plasma concentrations of low density lipoprotein and high density lipoprotein cholesterol, history of hypertension and diabetes, statin treatment, and socioeconomic status (OR 1.51, 95% CI 1.06 to 2.16, p = 0.023). Baseline inflammatory markers (white cell count, C reactive protein, fibrinogen) were not significantly increased in either H pylori CagA positive cases or controls.
Conclusions: The findings provide support from a prospective study for the hypothesis that there is an association between infection with CagA bearing strains of H pylori and coronary heart disease. The mechanism(s) underlying the association remain to be elucidated.
65 citations
TL;DR: Distribution analysis indicates that rat ms1 mRNA expression is predominantly expressed in striated muscle and progressively increases in the left ventricle from embryo to adulthood, suggesting that ms1 may be important in striates biology and the development of pressure‐induced left ventricular hypertrophy.
41 citations
TL;DR: Qualitative MRI analysis had high sensitivity and moderate specificity for detecting CA stenoses and has potential for de novo diagnosis of CAD and as a complementary modality to angiography to assess the significance of given angiographic lesions.
Abstract: Although contrast-enhanced first pass magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has potential to quantify blood flow through extensive image post-processing, clinical utility is likely to depend on rapid qualitative analysis. Aims: To investigate use of an on-line analytical approach for detection of coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods and results: Thirty subjects with CAD underwent contrast-enhanced rest/adenosine stress MRI with basal, mid-papillary and apical short-axis image acquisition. Each short axis was divided into eight regions of interest (ROI). Regional perfusion was visually classified as normal or impaired according to transmural distribution and defect reversibility. MRI and angiographic data were compared. Qualitative MRI reporting was possible for 98% ROI. Eighty-six coronary artery (CA) territories were assessed of which 71 (83%) had stenoses. Sensitivity and specificity for detection of stenoses were 93 and 60%, respectively. The proportion of hypoperfused ROI rose from 31% with <50% stenosis to 65% with occlusion. More transmural defects were seen in infarction-related territories (75 vs. 54%, p < 0.05). More ROI demonstrated defect reversibility in occluded rather than in stenosed infarction-related vessels (89 vs. 58%, p < 0.05). Occluded vessels with grade 2–3 collaterals contained a higher proportion of normal ROI (44 vs. 25%, p < 0.05). Conclusions: Qualitative MRI analysis had high sensitivity and moderate specificity for detecting CA stenoses. Additional information was obtained relating to lesion severity, previous infarction, myocardial viability and impact of collateral circulation. The technique has potential for de novo diagnosis of CAD and as a complementary modality to angiography to assess the significance of given angiographic lesions.
35 citations
TL;DR: The findings indicate that the major proportion of the blood pressure effect of loci on rat chromosome 1 is mediated through the kidney, and provide a rational basis for investigating genes located in the relevant chromosomal region and expressed in the kidney as likely candidates.
Abstract: Rat chromosome 1 has a region containing loci that influence blood pressure. In the present study, we investigated whether these loci mediate their effect via the kidney. Taking advantage of the histocompatability between a congenic strain (WKY.SHR- Sa , which contains the relevant chromosomal region from the spontaneously hypertensive rat) and its parental strain, the Wistar-Kyoto rat (WKY), we compared the effect of transplanting a kidney at 5 to 6 weeks of age from either congenic rats or WKY into bilaterally nephrectomized WKY. WKY.SHR- Sa animals and WKY with intact kidneys and with unilateral nephrectomy were studied as controls. Blood pressure was measured at 12, 16, 20, and 25 weeks of age. At all time points, blood pressure was significantly higher (by between 8 to 22 mm Hg, P Sa animals compared with WKY. This genotype-related difference was maintained in unilaterally nephrectomized rats. Most importantly, WKY that received transplants from WKY.SHR- Sa rats had significantly higher blood pressure ( P
17 citations
TL;DR: Findings suggest that the BP QTL(s) present in this region of chromosome 1 influences BP and salt sensitivity, at least partly, by modulating pressure-natriuresis.
Abstract: One or more quantitative trait locus (QTL) for blood pressure (BP) exists on rat chromosome 1, in the vicinity of the Sa gene. The present work examined whether this QTL region: 1) alters pressure-...
14 citations
TL;DR: Restoration of myocardial perfusion following PTCA can be delineated with qualitative and quantitative perfusion MRI, and MRI has the potential to be a valuable tool for patient follow-up and evaluation of revascularization strategy efficacy.
8 citations
TL;DR: Routine clinical use of a method of presenting and collating regional MRI data with the angiographic findings as annotated by the Green Lane reporting system is likely to increase the accuracy of MRI data interpretation.
7 citations
TL;DR: The pathogenesis of lung involvement in CCE is unclear, but the combination is reported to be invariably fatal, and similar published case reports are reviewed.
Abstract: Cholesterol crystal embolisation (CCE) is a rare but serious complication of invasive arterial procedures associated with a high mortality, and is a condition that medical staff undertaking invasive vascular procedures should be aware of. It is manifest as a multisystem disorder commonly involving the kidneys and peripheries, but rarely affecting the lungs. A case of fatal CCE with pulmonary involvement is reported, and similar published case reports are reviewed. The pathogenesis of lung involvement in CCE is unclear, but the combination is reported to be invariably fatal.
4 citations
Journal Article•