Nils Pohl

Bio: Nils Pohl is an academic researcher from Ruhr University Bochum. The author has contributed to research in topics: Radar & Continuous-wave radar. The author has an hindex of 22, co-authored 199 publications receiving 2457 citations. Previous affiliations of Nils Pohl include Fraunhofer Society & Infineon Technologies.

An Ultra-Wideband 80 GHz FMCW Radar System Using a SiGe Bipolar Transceiver Chip Stabilized by a Fractional-N PLL Synthesizer

Abstract: A radar system with an ultra-wide FMCW ramp bandwidth of 25.6 GHz (≈32%) around a center frequency of 80 GHz is presented. The system is based on a monostatic fully integrated SiGe transceiver chip, which is stabilized using conventional fractional-N PLL chips at a reference frequency of 100 MHz. The achieved in-loop phase noise is ≈ -88 dBc/Hz (10 kHz offset frequency) for the center frequency and below ≈-80 dBc/Hz in the wide frequency band of 25.6 GHz for all offset frequencies >;1 kHz. The ultra-wide PLL-stabilization was achieved using a reverse frequency position mixer in the PLL (offset-PLL) resulting in a compensation of the variation of the oscillators tuning sensitivity with the variation of the N-divider in the PLL. The output power of the transceiver chip, as well as of the mm-wave module (containing a waveguide transition), is sufficiently flat versus the output frequency (variation <;3 dB). In radar measurements using the full bandwidth an ultra-high spatial resolution of 7.12 mm was achieved. The standard deviation between repeated measurements of the same target is 0.36 μm.

A dielectric lens-based antenna concept for high-precision industrial radar measurements at 24GHz

Abstract: A lens-based antenna with a solid dielectric ellipsoid PTFE lens for industrial tank level probing radar (TLPR) is presented. Due to limitations of the application, a high antenna gain at a limited size as well as a good matching were the main design goals. The presented antenna achieves a high gain of 25.9 dBi with a beamwidth of ≈ 8.4° at an outer diameter of 74mm in simulations, which is confirmed by measurements. Despite the lens surface reflections, a good input matching of ≈ −20 dB is achieved in the full wide frequency band from 23 GHz to 28 GHz, which enables monostatic radar operation even close to the antenna. A laboratory radar setup is used to confirm the accuracy impact on distance measurements in a scenario with disturbing reflectors.

A dielectric lens antenna with enhanced aperture efficiency for industrial radar applications

Abstract: A dielectric lens antenna for 25 GHz industrial radar measurements in industrial tanks is presented. Due to the limited diameter, the aperture efficiency is an important benchmark for these applications. The presented approach uses a massive PTFE lens body, which results in a measured aperture efficiency of 104% at a diameter of 74 mm. This corresponds to a gain of 25.9 dBi. The main lobe has a tight 3 dB angular width of 8.4°/ 8.6° with a side lobe level of −17.0 dB /−17.6 dB.

Dielectric antenna with an electromagnetic feed element and with an ellipsoidal lens made of a dielectric material

Abstract: A dielectric antenna with an electromagnetic feed element ( 2 ) and with a lens ( 3 ) made of a dielectric material, the feed element ( 2 ) emitting electromagnetic radiation ( 4 ) and the lens ( 3 ) being supplied with electromagnetic radiation ( 4 ) in the feed region ( 5 ), the lens ( 3 ) relaying the electromagnetic radiation ( 4 ) and radiating it with the transmission region ( 6 ). To configure these dielectric antennas such that the disadvantages of the dielectric antennas known from the prior art are at least partially avoided, first of all, the lens ( 3 ) is shaped essentially ellipsoidally at least in the transmission region ( 6 ) and the lens ( 3 ) is arranged relative to the feed element ( 2 ) such that the electromagnetic radiation ( 4 ) emitted by the lens ( 3 ) in the direction of maximum radiation ( 7 ) of the antenna has an essentially planar phase front.

High-Precision D-Band FMCW-Radar Sensor Based on a Wideband SiGe-Transceiver MMIC

Abstract: In this paper, a miniaturized D-band frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radar sensor with 48-GHz bandwidth (32.8%, 122-170 GHz) and a high measurement rate of > 1 kHz for multi-target vibration measurements is presented. The sensor is based on a SiGe transceiver monolithic microwave integrated circuit manufactured via Infineon's B7HF200 bipolar production technology with an fT of 170 GHz and fmax of 250 GHz. Gilbert cell, push-pull, and varactor-based doubler concepts on manufactured chips are compared, and the most promising signal source is embedded into a transceiver chip, which forms the main component of the presented radar sensor. The maximum output power of the system is ≈ -10 dBm and a phase noise of ≈ -80 dBc/Hz is achieved. Measurements are provided to demonstrate the sensor characteristics and show the promising results of FMCW radar in highest precision distance and multi-target vibration measurement applications. Due to the covered wide bandwidth, a range resolution of 5.88 mm is achieved ( -6-dB width, Tukey window). The sensor's distance measurement repeatability is 290 nm (65 nm with 10 × averaging and 0.5-m target distance), and the distance measurement accuracy is m for a target in 65-cm distance moving 1 cm. Additionally, vibration measurement results and range-Doppler plots for advanced multi-target applications are presented.

Two Dimensional Phase Unwrapping Theory Algorithms And Software

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Method and apparatus for coupling an antenna to a device

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, receiving, by a feed point of a dielectric antenna, electromagnetic waves from a dielectric core coupled to the feed point without an electrical return path, where at least a portion of the dielectric antenna comprises a conductive surface, directing, by the feed point, the electromagnetic waves to a proximal portion of the dielectric antenna, and radiating, via an aperture of the dielectric antenna, a wireless signal responsive to the electromagnetic waves being received at the aperture. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Backhaul link for distributed antenna system

Abstract: A distributed antenna and backhaul system provide network connectivity for a small cell deployment. Rather than building new structures, and installing additional fiber and cable, embodiments described herein disclose using high-bandwidth, millimeter-wave communications and existing power line infrastructure. Above ground backhaul connections via power lines and line-of-sight millimeter-wave band signals as well as underground backhaul connections via buried electrical conduits can provide connectivity to the distributed base stations. An overhead millimeter-wave system can also be used to provide backhaul connectivity. Modules can be placed onto existing infrastructure, such as streetlights and utility poles, and the modules can contain base stations and antennas to transmit the millimeter-waves to and from other modules.

Remote distributed antenna system

Abstract: A distributed antenna system is provided that frequency shifts the output of one or more microcells to a 60 GHz or higher frequency range for transmission to a set of distributed antennas. The cellular band outputs of these microcell base station devices are used to modulate a 60 GHz (or higher) carrier wave, yielding a group of subcarriers on the 60 GHz carrier wave. This group will then be transmitted in the air via analog microwave RF unit, after which it can be repeated or radiated to the surrounding area. The repeaters amplify the signal and resend it on the air again toward the next repeater. In places where a microcell is required, the 60 GHz signal is shifted in frequency back to its original frequency (e.g., the 1.9 GHz cellular band) and radiated locally to nearby mobile devices.

Method and apparatus for sensing a condition in a transmission medium of electromagnetic waves

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, a device that facilitates transmitting electromagnetic waves along a surface of a wire that facilitates delivery of electric energy to devices, and sensing a condition that is adverse to the electromagnetic waves propagating along the surface of the wire. Other embodiments are disclosed.