Nilufer Egrican

Bio: Nilufer Egrican is an academic researcher from Yeditepe University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Human capital & Financial capital. The author has an hindex of 4, co-authored 7 publications receiving 314 citations.

What the numbers tell: The impact of human, family and financial capital on women and men's entry into entrepreneurship in Turkey

Abstract: Entrepreneurship contributes to economic development in countries worldwide. Entrepreneurial activity is beneficial for both men and women, including those in developing countries. However, men and women may not engage in entrepreneurship to the same extent because of differential access to (various forms of) capital. This study examines the relative importance of three types of capital – human, family and financial – in pursuing entrepreneurship. Using data collected in Turkey, we find that regardless of sex, all three forms of capital influence the likelihood of becoming an entrepreneur in varying degrees. Contrary to expectations, the impact of human capital on the likelihood of becoming an entrepreneur is higher for women than men. Data also revealed that family capital facilitates women's entry into entrepreneurship only when family size is very large (i.e. seven or more). No gender differences are observed in the impact of financial capital on the likelihood of becoming an entrepreneur. Findings sug...

Frost formation on fin-and-tube heat exchangers. Part I—Modeling of frost formation on fin-and-tube heat exchangers

Abstract: In this study, the heat and mass transfer characteristics of heat exchangers during frost formation process are analyzed numerically. Unsteady heat and mass transfer coefficients of the air side, heat transfer coefficient of the refrigerant side, air-frost layer interface temperature, the surface efficiency of the heat exchanger and the mass flow rate of the frost accumulated on the heat exchanger surface are calculated. The total conductivity (UA) and pressure drop of the heat exchanger are reported for different air inlet temperature, relative humidity, air mass flow rate and the refrigerant temperature.

Viscous dissipation effect on heat transfer characteristics of rectangular microchannels under slip flow regime and H1 boundary conditions

Abstract: Viscous dissipation effect on heat transfer characteristics of a rectangular microchannel is studied. Flow is governed by the Navier–Stokes equations with the slip flow and temperature jump boundary conditions. Integral transform technique is applied to derive the temperature distribution and Nusselt number. The velocity distribution is taken from literature. The solution method is verified for the case where viscous dissipation is neglected. It is found that, the viscous dissipation is negligible for gas flows in microchannels, since the contribution of this effect on Nu number is about 1%. However, this effect should be taken into account for much more viscous flows, such as liquid flows. Neglecting this effect for a flat microchannel with an aspect ratio of 0.1 for Br=0.04 underestimates the Nu number about 5%.

What the numbers tell: the impact of human, family, and financial capital on female and male engagement in entrepreneurship

Abstract: Entrepreneurship contributes to economic development in all economies around the world. Entrepreneurial activity is beneficial for both men and women, including those in developing countries. However, entry into entrepreneurship may not be available to men and women equally because of differential access to capital. This study examines the relative importance of three forms of capital- human, family, and financial- in pursuing entrepreneurship. Using data collected in Turkey, we show that regardless of sex, all three forms of capital influence the decision of becoming an entrepreneur in varying degrees. But, when gender differences are observed, it becomes clear that contrary to the expectation the impact of human capital on entry into entrepreneurship is higher for women than men. It is observed that family capital becomes a differentiation factor for women in becoming entrepreneur only when the family size is seven or more that is also against the expectations. There are no gender differences in terms of the impact of financial capital on entrepreneurial entry. Our findings suggest that policy makers in Turkey wants to have more entrepreneurs, policies should be directed to offer basic education and financial capital, but if the goal is to increase the number of women entrepreneurs, certainly policies should direct to educate women beyond the primarily education and help women in large families.

Economy and Society

Abstract: The four Visegrad states — Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia (until 1993 Czechoslovakia) and Hungary — form a compact area between Germany and Austria in the west and the states of the former USSR in the east. They are bounded by the Baltic in the north and the Danube river in the south. They are cut by the Sudeten and Carpathian mountain ranges, which divide Poland off from the other states. Poland is an extension of the North European plain and like the latter is drained by rivers that flow from south to north west — the Oder, the Vlatava and the Elbe, the Vistula and the Bug. The Danube is the great exception, flowing from its source eastward, turning through two 90-degree turns to end up in the Black Sea, forming the barrier and often the political frontier between central Europe and the Balkans. Hungary to the east of the Danube is also an open plain. The region is historically and culturally part of western Europe, but its eastern Marches now represents a vital strategic zone between Germany and the core of the European Union to the west and the Russian zone to the east.

Education at a Glance

Abstract: A detailed review of the education sector in Australia as in the data provided by the 2006 edition of the OECD's annual publication, 'Education at a Glance' is presented. While the data has shown that in almost all OECD countries educational attainment levels are on the rise, with countries showing impressive gains in university qualifications, it also reveals that a large of share of young people still do not complete secondary school, which remains a baseline for successful entry into the labour market.