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Niranjanmurthi Lingappan

Bio: Niranjanmurthi Lingappan is an academic researcher from University of Maryland, College Park. The author has contributed to research in topics: Battery (electricity). The author has an hindex of 1, co-authored 1 publications receiving 1 citations.

Papers
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TL;DR: In this paper, a comprehensive evaluation of the pros and cons of the traditional polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) binder, the correlation between PVDF and capacity loss, and the research progress of aqueous-based binders is provided.
Abstract: The demand for safer and cost-effective lithium-ion batteries with higher energy density and longer life requires thorough investigation into the structural and electrochemical behavior of cell components. Binders are a key component in an electrochemical cell that function to interconnect the active material and conductive additive and adhere firmly to the current collector. The characteristic changes in binders during device operation can result in desquamation of active materials from the current collector and induce capacity degradation. Here we provide a comprehensive evaluation of the pros and cons of the traditional polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) binder, the correlation between PVDF and capacity loss, and the research progress of aqueous-based binders. Although aqueous-based slurry technology has spurred widespread interest across myriad topics, the purpose of this study is to examine whether aqueous binders can facilitate breakthroughs in future battery technology from the commercialization perspective. By critically analyzing the electrochemical performance of commercially viable anodes and cathodes, we address the key advantages as well as disadvantages of aqueous-based binders. Although aqueous binders outperform the low expandable graphite anode and metal oxide cathodes, their efficiency for largely expandable silicon anodes is unsatisfactory. Thus, aggressive effort is required to develop high-performance binders for future battery technology.

37 citations


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29 Apr 2015
TL;DR: In this paper, an interpenetrated gel polymer binder for high-performance silicon anodes is created through in-situ crosslinking of water-soluble poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) precursors.
Abstract: Silicon has attracted ever-increasing attention as a high-capacity anode material in Li-ion batteries owing to its extremely high theoretical capacity. However, practical application of silicon anodes is seriously hindered by its fast capacity fading as a result of huge volume changes during the charge/discharge process. Here, an interpenetrated gel polymer binder for high-performance silicon anodes is created through in-situ crosslinking of water-soluble poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) precursors. This gel polymer binder with deformable polymer network and strong adhesion on silicon particles can effectively accommodate the large volume change of silicon anodes upon lithiation/delithiation, leading to an excellent cycling stability and high Coulombic efficiency even at high current densities. Moreover, high areal capacity of ∼4.3 mAh/cm2 is achieved based on the silicon anode using the gel PAA–PVA polymer binder with a high mass loading. In view of simplicity in using the water soluble gel polymer binder, it is believed that this novel binder has a great potential to be used for high capacity silicon anodes in next generation Li-ion batteries, as well as for other electrode materials with large volume change during cycling.

305 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
02 May 2022
TL;DR: In this article , the need for aqueous binders in the production of electrodes, particularly for cathodes in Li-ion cells, was discussed, and the challenges in the fabrication of binder-based cathodes were summarized.
Abstract: The current technologically advancing society requires the development of economically profitable and efficient electrode fabrication routes for lithium ion cells. Binders play an important role in deciding the performance parameters, viz., energy density, rate capability, and cycle life of lithium ion cells. The present review provides a practical guide for the development of aqueous binder based cathodes for lithium ion (Li-ion) cells. In this review, we first discuss the need for aqueous binders in the production of electrodes, particularly for cathodes in Li-ion cells, summarize the challenges in the fabrication of aqueous binder based cathodes, and then highlight the recent developments in aqueous binder based cathodes, targeting to provide a stepping stone for the development of aqueous binder based cathodes with improved sustainability and enhanced electrochemical performance. Aqueous binders for different generations of cathode materials are reviewed in detail with special emphasis given to commercially employed cathode materials.

13 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article , a hollow bowl-like α-Fe2O3 nanostructure is controllably synthesized through a facile hydrothermal technique and exhibits great electrochemical lithium storage performance when used as LIBs anode.

10 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is demonstrated the feasibility of a chitosan-based binder to produce freestanding electrodes for Na ion cells, without the use of organic solvents and current collectors in electrode processing, which could also be extended to other types of aqueous batteries.
Abstract: The increased percentage of renewable power sources involved in energy production highlights the importance of developing systems for stationary energy storage that satisfy the requirements of safety and low costs. Na ion batteries can be suitable candidates, specifically if their components are economic and safe. This study focuses on the development of aqueous processes and binders to prepare electrodes for sodium ion cells operating in aqueous solutions. We demonstrated the feasibility of a chitosan-based binder to produce freestanding electrodes for Na ion cells, without the use of organic solvents and current collectors in electrode processing. To our knowledge, it is the first time that water-processed, freestanding electrodes are used in aqueous Na ion cells, which could also be extended to other types of aqueous batteries. This is a real breakthrough in terms of sustainability, taking into account low risks for health and environment and low costs.

7 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article , the market dynamics and their impact on a future circular economy for lithium-ion batteries are presented in this roadmap, with safety as an integral consideration throughout the life cycle.
Abstract: The market dynamics, and their impact on a future circular economy for lithium-ion batteries (LIB), are presented in this roadmap, with safety as an integral consideration throughout the life cycle. At the point of end-of-life (EOL), there is a range of potential options—remanufacturing, reuse and recycling. Diagnostics play a significant role in evaluating the state-of-health and condition of batteries, and improvements to diagnostic techniques are evaluated. At present, manual disassembly dominates EOL disposal, however, given the volumes of future batteries that are to be anticipated, automated approaches to the dismantling of EOL battery packs will be key. The first stage in recycling after the removal of the cells is the initial cell-breaking or opening step. Approaches to this are reviewed, contrasting shredding and cell disassembly as two alternative approaches. Design for recycling is one approach that could assist in easier disassembly of cells, and new approaches to cell design that could enable the circular economy of LIBs are reviewed. After disassembly, subsequent separation of the black mass is performed before further concentration of components. There are a plethora of alternative approaches for recovering materials; this roadmap sets out the future directions for a range of approaches including pyrometallurgy, hydrometallurgy, short-loop, direct, and the biological recovery of LIB materials. Furthermore, anode, lithium, electrolyte, binder and plastics recovery are considered in order to maximise the proportion of materials recovered, minimise waste and point the way towards zero-waste recycling. The life-cycle implications of a circular economy are discussed considering the overall system of LIB recycling, and also directly investigating the different recycling methods. The legal and regulatory perspectives are also considered. Finally, with a view to the future, approaches for next-generation battery chemistries and recycling are evaluated, identifying gaps for research. This review takes the form of a series of short reviews, with each section written independently by a diverse international authorship of experts on the topic. Collectively, these reviews form a comprehensive picture of the current state of the art in LIB recycling, and how these technologies are expected to develop in the future.

6 citations