Complex biology with no parameters.

Recently, it has been demonstrated that free energy from an alternating electric field can drive the active transport of Rb+ by way of the Na+, K+-ATPase. In the present work, it is shown why many transmembrane enzymes can be expected to absorb free energy from an oscillating electric field and transduce that to chemical or transport work. In the theoretical analysis it turned out to be sufficient that (i) the catalytic process be accompanied by either net or cyclic charge translocation across the membrane and (ii) the stability of the enzyme states involved be asymmetric. Calculations based on a four-state model reveal that free-energy transduction occurs with sinusoidal, square-wave, and positive-only oscillating electric fields and for cases that exhibit either linear or exponential field-dependent rate constants. The results suggest that in addition to oscillating electric field-driven transport, the proposed mechanism can also be used to explain, in part, the "missing" free energy term in the cases in which ATP synthesis has been observed with insufficient transmembrane proton electrochemical potential difference.

How enzymes can capture and transmit free energy from an oscillating electric field.

It was shown previously that adsorption of ions at the electrical double layer of a high specific surface area carbon electrode can serve for water desalination. This is effected by assembling two such electrodes in a cell, cycling electronic charge between them and applying periodic synchronous pumping of the liquid through the cell. This process has been termed Electrochemical Parametric Pumping (ECPP). In the present article, modified charge coordinates, desalting efficiencies, isopotentiograms (analogous to adsorption isotherms) and optimization considerations of the two adsorptive electrode batch unit of the ECPP were derived and analysed on the basis of the propterties of each single electrode separately.

Water desalting by means of electrochemical parametric pumping. I. The equilibrium properties of a batch unit cell

In the online social network, the spreading process of rumor contains complex dynamics. The traditional research of the rumor propagation mainly studies the spreading process of rumor from the perspectives of rumor and participating user. The symbiosis and confrontation of rumor and anti-rumor information and the dynamic changes of the influence of anti-rumor information are not emphasized. At the same time, people’s profitability and herd psychology are also ignored. In view of the above problems, we fully consider the anti-rumor information and user’s psychological factors, construct a rumor propagation dynamics model based on evolutionary game and anti-rumor information, and provide a theoretical basis for studying the inherent laws in the spreading process of rumor. First of all, we analyze the interaction pattern and characteristic of rumor in social network. In allusion to the symbiosis of rumor and anti-rumor information and the dynamic changes of the influence of anti-rumor information, we constructed the SKIR rumor propagation model based on the SIR model. Secondly, due to rivalry between rumor and anti-rumor information, as well as the user’s profitability and herd psychology, we use evolutionary game theory to construct the driving force mechanism of information and explore the causes of user behavior in the spreading process of rumor. At the same time, we combine the behavior factors and external factors of the user to build the influence of information by multivariate linear regression method, which provides the theoretical basis for the driving force of information. Finally, combining the SKIR model proposed in this paper, we get a rumor propagation dynamics model based on evolutionary game and anti-rumor information. We have proved by experiments that the model can effectively describe the propagating situation of rumor and the dynamic change rule of the influence of anti-rumor information. On the other hand, it can also reflect the influence of people’s psychology on rumor propagation.

Rumor propagation dynamic model based on evolutionary game and anti-rumor

http://staff.cimap.res.in/PublicationFiles/Applied_Soil_Ecology.pdf

Vermicompost from biodegraded distillation waste improves soil properties and essential oil yield of Pogostemon cablin (patchouli) Benth

Parametric pumping, a dynamic separation technique, comprises alternating axial displacement of a fluid mixture in a column of adsorptive particles upon which a synchronous cycling temperature is imposed. With direct coupling, separations of 10 5 :1 between column ends have been obtained, with indications of great potential for further separation. A mathematical model and its solution describe the behavior of the system.

https://science.sciencemag.org/content/sci/159/3814/522.full.pdf

Parametric Pumping: Separation of Mixture of Toluene and n-Heptane.

First-order partial differential equations with applications : By Rutherford Aris and Neal R. Amundson, Volume 2 of Mathematical Methods in Chemical Engineering, Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, N.J., 1973.

Direct thermal parametric pumping separations of a NaCl-H2O-ion retardation resin system have been investigated. Experimental breakthrough curves and batch parapump runs were used to determine the lumped-parameter mass transfer coefficient λ and its dependence on velocity and temperature. Computer simulation of additional batch runs verified both the model and the STOP-GO algorithm used to solve it. Computer estimates of open-system behavior are presented.

Parametric pumping: Modeling direct thermal separations of sodium chloride‐water in open and closed systems

Batch Fractionation of Ionic Mixtures by Parametric Pumping

A rigorous mathematical analysis shows that parametric pumps can separate, concentrate, and recover in pure form all components of a multi-solute mixture. The obtained separation cannot be predicted by existing linear models. Criteria for determining steady periodic separations of binary mixtures are discussed in detail for batch and continuous systems.

Norman H. Sweed

Papers

Parametric Pumping: Separation of Mixture of Toluene and n-Heptane.

First-order partial differential equations with applications : By Rutherford Aris and Neal R. Amundson, Volume 2 of Mathematical Methods in Chemical Engineering, Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, N.J., 1973.

Parametric pumping: Modeling direct thermal separations of sodium chloride‐water in open and closed systems

Batch Fractionation of Ionic Mixtures by Parametric Pumping

Separation of nonlinearly sorbing solutes by parametric pumping