Nurul Khakhim

Bio: Nurul Khakhim is an academic researcher from Gadjah Mada University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Meiobenthos & Physics. The author has an hindex of 3, co-authored 27 publications receiving 48 citations.

Analisis Preferensi Visual Lanskap Pesisir Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta untuk Pengembangan Pariwisata Pesisir Menuju pada Pengelolaan Wilayah Pesisir Berkelanjutan

Abstract: The aim of this research is to analyze of DIY coastal landscape with visual preference analysis for suistanble coastal tourism development and management. The unit of analysis that used is coastal typology. The guideline in deciding the classification of coastal typology is using the Response-Process System with relief/slope, main constructing material, genesis process and dominate process happened in the meantime such as tide, wave and river flow. This response-process system divide the coastal typology into seven classes including coastal typology of land erosion coast, sub aerial deposition coast, volcanic coast, structurally shaped coast, wave erosion coast, marine deposition coast and coast built by organism. The method of SBE (Scenic Beauty Estimation) is used for visual preference analysis, and the method used to compose the policy of costal tourism development is SWOT method. Result shows that all seven coastal typology are found in the coastal area. Land erosion coast and coast built by organism dominate in Gunungkidul coastal area and then in Bantul and Kulon Progo coastal area are dominated by marine deposition coast and sub aerial deposition coast. Volcanic coast, structurally shaped coast, wave erosion coast can only be found in a small area of Gunungkidul coast. Each of this coastal typology has a special land characteristic which can be used to develop its potential. Coast built by organism is very suitable for tourism activity proved by the high score of SBE from the respondents. Recommendation for developing coastal area in area of interest is by developing the coastal natural resources suitable to its physical typology, because this will make the management of coastal area for continuous development easier. Recommendations for coastal management in Gunungkidul including mapping and classification of protected karst area and mineable karst area to secure the run of coastal area management, for coastal management in Bantul using Managed realignment which plans for retreat and adopts engineering solutions that recognise natural processes of adjustment, and identifying a new line of defence where to construct new defences and move seaword model by constructing new defenses seaward the original ones. Last, for Kulon Progo coastal area using hold the line model whereby seawalls are constructed around the coastlines.

Hydrogeochemical Conditions in Groundwater Systems with Various Geomorphological Units in Kulonprogo Regency, Java Island, Indonesia

Abstract: Geomorphological (landform) aspects have long been known to control groundwater conditions in an area Thus, combining the hydrogeological and geomorphological aspects (lithology, genesis, and morphology) becomes a prospective approach for understanding and delineating the hydrogeochemical processes in an area The idea is then applied in Kulonprogo, Java, Indonesia, that consists of several landforms with minimum anthropogenic influence, in order to identify and quantify the hydrogeochemical processes that are responsible for hydrogeochemical facies changes in each landform The groundwater facies based on Kurlov classification in each landform are strongly influenced by the water–rock interaction process as it presented in the Gibbs curve The magnitude of saturation indices and mass transfer is also diverse that caused a distinction of hydrogeochemical facies and processes in each landform For instance, the evolution of groundwater in the denudational hill to the fluviomarine plain occurs from Ca–HCO3 to Na + K–Ca–HCO3 The analysis of Durov diagram and inverse modeling—using PHREEQ—reveals that the hydrogeochemical processes that occur in most of the landform are ion exchange, weathering or dissolution, and precipitation Further, oxidation–reduction and mixing only occur in few landforms The further investigation from mass balance calculation that constructs from inverse modeling reveals some interesting findings and hypotheses, such as the construction of gypsum probably found in the deeper layer on swale as a result of pyrite dissolution of 1074 × 10−3 mmol, and it is responsible in escalating Ca2+ and SO42− Another finding is that although the calcite mineral mostly related to the past-marine environment, such as in the east denudational hill, the calcite in the west part is formed as a breakdown of 3225 × 10−3 mmol anorthite

Tidal Correction Effects Analysis on Shoreline Mapping in Jepara Regency

Abstract: The existence of high-spatial resolution imagery that are now available free by Planet Labs opens up opportunities in detailed scale mapping research, both as basic data and as reference data for geometry accuracy assessment. However, the use of several satellite sensors types with different recording times is the biggest obstacle in the use of high spatial resolution imagery as reference data because the shoreline instantaneous imaging at the data acquisition time does not consider the spatial and temporal variability of the shoreline boundaries. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of tidal correction on shoreline mapping in Jepara Regency using Landsat 8 OLI imagery in 2018.The effect of tidal correction analysis is done by comparing the position of the shoreline corrected by tides with the shoreline that is not corrected for tides. The influence of tidal correction is marked by differences in the position of the two shorelines. Shoreline shift calculation when there is a difference in tidal conditions between the test shoreline and the reference shoreline is carried out using the theory of right triangle (also called as one-line shift method).Based on the analysis of tidal correction effects, it is known that the shift in shoreline position after tidal correction varies from 0.21 m to 1.8 m, the value does not exceed one pixel of the PlanetScope image (3 m) so that tidal correction does not needs to be done because the effect is insignificant and undetectable on PlanetScope imagery. Keywords: tidal correction, shoreline, Planetscope, Landsat 8 OLI, Jepara

Semi-automatic shoreline extraction using water index transformation on Landsat 8 OLI imagery in Jepara Regency

Abstract: Oceanographic conditions, physical development, cultivation, and sedimentation in river estuaries are dynamic trends occured in Jepara Regency. These dynamics need to be understood so it is necessary to determine the position of the shoreline as an impact of morphodynamic to see the latest variations of the shoreline in Jepara Regency. Landsat imagery can be an alternative source of data for shoreline mapping, while shoreline extraction methods can be conducted using water index, which is easy to perform. Regulation published by the Head of the Geospatial Information Agency Number 6 of 2018 can be used as a standard for shoreline maps accuracy obtained from remote sensing imagery. The research objective is to map the Jepara shoreline using NDWI, MNDWI, and AWEI transformations and compare the water index performance. Shoreline data is extracted from Landsat 8 OLI imagery, while the reference shoreline for accuracy assessment is obtained from visual interpretation of PlanetScope imagery. Threshold 0 and subjective threshold based on experiments per coastal physical typology samples are used to separate land-sea. The difference in the shoreline length on the eight shorelines are due to the limited capability of the water index in obtaining the shoreline. MNDWI shoreline with a threshold of 0 gives the lowest RMSE value (RMSE= 25,33 m) among another index, while the NDWI shoreline with a threshold of 0 gives the highest RMSE value (RMSE= 43,77 m).

Abundance of Meiofauna and Physical-Chemical Parameters as Water Quality Indicator

Abstract: The zone of Losari Coast is an icon of Makassar city, however increase activity of surrounding communities causes a decrease in the water quality. Meiofauna is an effective benthic organism used as an indicator of water quality. This study assessed the meiofauna abundance and p hysical- c hemical parameters as water quality indicator in the Losari Coast, Makassar. The sampling method in this study was purposive sampling. The resuts showed that total meiofauna abundance identified was 66791 indv.m -2 , composed of 12 phylum and 91 species or genera. Stations at the estuary of the Jeneberang and Tallo River are two sites with high level of abundance, this condition allows presence of organic contaminants triggers the high growth of meiofauna in these locations. Dissolved Oxygen is below its supposed level in waters. Acidity, phosphate and nitrate content at some of research stations exceed t he threshold of their allowed presence in waters set by Indonesia government. Ostracoda, oligochaeta, polychaeta, tunicata and ciliophora are phylums with a high level of abundance, because the phylum has high adaptability to pollutant. Good water quality is indicated by a variety of biota living in the waters, the range of diversity and uniformity indices shows that meiofauna species are categorized highly diverse and evenly distributed. The dominance index shows that there is no species was dominant, except stations around Losari reclamation project. Temperature, current velocity, depth, brightness, salinity, pH, DO, nitrate-seawater, and phosphate-seawater correlate with meiofauna abundance. The results as a consideration for the management or monitoring of coastal environments.

Carbon Nanotube Superconducting Quantum Interference Device.

Abstract: A superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) with single-walled carbon nanotube (CNT) Josephson junctions is presented. Quantum confinement in each junction induces a discrete quantum dot (QD) energy level structure, which can be controlled with two lateral electrostatic gates. In addition, a backgate electrode can vary the transparency of the QD barriers, thus permitting change in the hybridization of the QD states with the superconducting contacts. The gates are also used to directly tune the quantum phase interference of the Cooper pairs circulating in the SQUID ring. Optimal modulation of the switching current with magnetic flux is achieved when both QD junctions are in the ‘on’ or ‘off’ state. In particular, the SQUID design establishes that these CNT Josephson junctions can be used as gate-controlled π-junctions; that is, the sign of the current–phase relation across the CNT junctions can be tuned with a gate voltage. The CNT-SQUIDs are sensitive local magnetometers, which are very promising for the study of magnetization reversal of an individual magnetic particle or molecule placed on one of the two CNT Josephson junctions.

The visual and spatial structure of landscapes

Abstract: that expresses the dualism explicit in its name. Landscape is the realm that wants to change. Architecture is the discipline that wants to impart order and relative stasis. If, even as Ms. Solomon suggests in her pages on Villa Lante, the garden is a fusion of opposites, what place, if any, do these dualisms have in green architecture? Is it "fair" to examine a recent work by Ms. Solomon (in collaboration with Michael Van Valkenburgh) to begin to answer the question? Perhaps not; it only seems odd to ignore the work since it is such a timely experiment. This design, in the Cowles Conservatory of the Minneapolis Sculpture Garden at the Walker Art Center, is a temporary installation in two parts. It is housed in separate wings of the conservatory. The design (which is, in fact, two designs) flanks a central palm pavilion in which a glass carp by Frank Gehry is frozen in midleap, a crystalline memory of the architect’s childhood. One wing consists of a series of four ivy covered gate structures, apparently modelled on images seen on pages 13 and 61 of the book, and intervening "fields," originally of gardenias, now cyclamen. The second wing uses more transparent scrims of ivy to make rooms for heliconia "fields." The designs become--by virtue of their separateness, containment, and relatively small scale--discrete "pieces," less gardens, perhaps, than maquettes of green architecture. More building than landscape, this work, like Ms. Solomon’s book, steps resolutely away from a landscape architecture that is about a fusion of opposites. Here, rather, is a green architecture of order. Underlying this issue of green versus landscape architecture is another significant question: if we have only order regardless of scale and confinement, do we also have the transforming experience of the garden wherein the landscape phenomena supersede our control? The writings in Meanings of the Garden suggest otherwise, but are these only the understandable reactions of people who would be attracted to a conference of this title? As we come to our own individual manifestoes or universal doctrines of the garden, we may gratefully acknowledge the authors of these provocative books. Whatever we choose to practice--green, landscape, or, perhaps, another architecture--we will know better what sort of garden we make about because of these books. Lance Neckar is an Assistant Professor in the Landscape Architecture Program at the University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108.

A Simple, Fully Automated Shoreline Detection Algorithm for High-Resolution Multi-Spectral Imagery

Abstract: This paper develops and validates a new fully automated procedure for shoreline delineation from high-resolution multispectral satellite images. The model is based on a new water–land index, the Direct Difference Water Index (DDWI). A new technique based on the buffer overlay method is also presented to determine the shoreline changes from different satellite images and obtain a time series for the shoreline changes. The shoreline detection model was applied to imagery from multiple satellites and validated to have sub-pixel accuracy using beach survey data that were collected from the Lake Michigan (USA) shoreline using a novel backpack-based LiDAR system. The model was also applied to 132 satellite images of a Lake Michigan beach over a three-year period and detected the shoreline accurately, with a >99% success rate. The model out-performed other existing shoreline detection algorithms based on different water indices and clustering techniques. The resolution shoreline position timeseries is the first satellite image-extracted dataset of its kind in terms of its high spatial and temporal resolution, and paves the road to obtaining other high-temporal-resolution datasets to refine models of beaches worldwide.

A review of unoccupied aerial vehicle use in wetland applications: Emerging opportunities in approach, technology, and data

Abstract: Recent developments in technology and data processing for Unoccupied Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have revolutionized the scope of ecosystem monitoring, providing novel pathways to fill the critical gap between limited-scope field surveys and limited-customization satellite and piloted aerial platforms. These advances are especially ground-breaking for supporting management, restoration, and conservation of landscapes with limited field access and vulnerable ecological systems, particularly wetlands. This study presents a scoping review of the current status and emerging opportunities in wetland UAV applications, with particular emphasis on ecosystem management goals and remaining research, technology, and data needs to even better support these goals in the future. Using 122 case studies from 29 countries, we discuss which wetland monitoring and management objectives are most served by this rapidly developing technology, and what workflows were employed to analyze these data. This review showcases many ways in which UAVs may help reduce or replace logistically demanding field surveys and can help improve the efficiency of UAV-based workflows to support longer-term monitoring in the face of wetland environmental challenges and management constraints. We also highlight several emerging trends in applications, technology, and data and offer insights into future needs.